Atlas interativo do Pontal do Paranapanema: uma contribuição à educação ambiental

A área do Pontal do Paranapanema está localizada no Extremo Oeste do Estado de São Paulo, na região sudeste do Brasil, em uma posição estratégica considerando tanto sua proximidade com os Estados de Mato Grosso do Sul e Paraná quanto o advento do Mercosul - o mercado comum do Cone Sul. No Estado de São Paulo há três áreas muito carentes, uma das quais é o Pontal do Paranapanema, onde têm havido muitos conflitos sociais relativos à posse e propriedade da terra, envolvendo disputas entre o Estado e os latifundiários. Nos últimos anos os trabalhadores rurais têm realizado ocupações nesta região e reivindicado terras - eles criaram um grupo denominado MST (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra), que tem ganhado popularidade e apoio de vários segmentos da comunidade, estando diariamente na mídia (jornais, TV etc). A comunidade acadêmica tem estado consciente e preocupada com esta situação e, portanto, tem desenvolvido estudos e pesquisas sobre o assunto, tanto individualmente quanto através de grupos de pesquisa. Uma das mais importantes Universidades Brasileiras é a Universidade Estadual Paulista (unesp), que tem um de seus campus localizado no município de Presidente Prudente (o qual está localizado no Pontal do Paranapanema). Desde a década de 1960 diversos pesquisadores têm desenvolvido pesquisas técnico-científicas almejando produzir um Atlas do Pontal do Paranapanema em formato convencional. O principal objetivo seria o de reunir, através de mapas topográficos e temáticos, todas as informações geográficas sobre o Pontal do Paranapanema, a fim de servir de base para projetos e planejamentos governamentais (municipais ou estaduais), bem como para o setor privado. O Atlas seria também um produto de informação sobre os recursos naturais e as condições sócio-econômicas desta área, sendo voltado para estudos acadêmico...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

A (re) valorização do espaço do distrito de Parelheiros-SP: moradia, preservação ambiental e políticas públicas

A ocupação das áreas de mananciais - especificamente no extremo da zona sul de São Paulo, desde algum tempo, tem tomado lugar nas pautas de discussões dos programas políticos. Esses programas têm por objetivo, aparentemente, melhorar a relação entre a moradia e a preservação ambiental. Estas regiões consideradas estratégicas e de extrema importância para São Paulo tem preocupado e exigido ações do Estado cada vez mais rápidas. Isso acontece pelo crescente aumento do número de habitantes, pelo potencial hídrico e ecológico que representa aquele espaço e a constante pressão da população de baixa renda reivindicando desde sempre seu direito a morar. O Trabalho procurou demonstrar como este problema estrutural está sendo tratado pelo poder público dentro da Cidade de São Paulo, enfocando particularmente o Distrito de Parelheiros

Análise paleogeográfica evolutiva da região do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso (PEIC), litoral sul de São Paulo, como subsídio a ações de planejamento e conservação ambiental

Cardoso Island, settled in the south of paulista region, is characterized by its ecological importance due to the great biodiversity of Mata Atlântica and for accommodating several kinds of ecosystems as mangroves, which were considered by UNESCO as human natural ownership. The mangroves are among the most important marine ecosystems, known as warranty of biological productivity and diversity and supply of food and economical resources to the local population. Although the island has been transformed in a state park for preservation, it hasn’t become free from environmental impacts made by antropical activities. This way it was proposed a rebuilt of an evolutionary process in the region, having as an objective to subsidize programs of environmental conservation and planning , aiming to a sustainable development. For this it was used a isobasis methodological analyses where by the drainage channels and its confluences makes relative maps to the different base levels represented by the isobasis, characterizing itself by an attempt to rebuilt the preterit local landscape. There were elaborated eight maps referring to four orders of confluences met in the region of Cardoso Island and round it where you can conclude it is about an appropriate methodology to rebuilt preterits environments that specially aim to actions of environmental planning and conservation.

Utilização de 5S, Kanban e Layout para a melhoria do controle de estoque em um varejo de materiais para construção

Many small businesses suffer from a lack of control of goods stored. This lack of control affects other areas of the company as purchase, that can’t buy material in an advanced and accurated way. It also affects services provided by the company, especially when it is a store because for sell something it is necessary to have the material in the right time. Futhermore, the business isn’t able to identify obsolete items in stock, theft and vandalism, loss or damage to materials. All of these disorders can be converted into financial losses that make much difference to a small business that needs to remain competitive in the market facing the giants while generating a profit that allows it to invest in their growth. Therefore, any unnecessary expense is exceedingly harmful and any savings already differentiates it from other companies of similar size. This study deals with the application of production engineering tools as 5S, kanban and layout in a building materials retail to tackle problems that prevent this company to have a stock organized and accurated. Finally, we recorded gains that the company reached with the implementation of part of the solution proposed

Estudo dos fatores de risco e prevalência de cervicite por Chlamydia trachomatis em adolescentes do município de Botucatu, São Paulo

Some characteristics and behaviors, that are of young, as a tendency to rebel and take risks, deviating from the rules of society, makes it vulnerable to many detrimental aspects, such as may indiscriminate use of alcohol and drugs, practicing unsafe sex and having multiple partners, which cause, among another complications, sexually transmitted diseases (STD). The Chlamydia trachomatis causes chlamydial infection, is one of the most recurrent STD of the world. Several risk factors are already defined for Chlamydial infection, among them, age under 25 years old and sexual behavior of the risk. The objective was to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia infection cervicitis in adolescent females of the Botucatu, São Paulo, and risk factors associated with this infection. It is cross-sectional study, of the populational basis, performed together the nineteen basic health units of the Botucatu, São Paulo. The data were obtained through clinical interviews and gynecological examination on samples collected for laboratory analysis. The research of C. trachomatis was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This report presents preliminary data, which represent 19% of the sample checked. Were interviewed 37 adolescents with a mean age of 17 years (between 15th and 19th years old), average of years studied of the 8,19, 40% of the families lived on less than a minimum wage by person and 24,3% dosen’t has ownership of the house where they live. Mean age of first sexual intercourse of 14 years (between 12th and 16th years old), 24,3% regularly used condoms, 5,4% had a premature birth and 8,1% reported abortion. 75,7% had any complaints in the gynecological exam, pain in lower abdomen, the most prevalent. The prevalence of vulvovaginitis or vaginal flora altered was 54,1%. The prevalence of infection by C. trachomatis was 58%. Presence content was associated infection chlamydial and age... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Anestro pós-parto: luteólise prematura

The prolonged postpartum anoestrus in cows reduces the number of calves leading to a significant economic loss to producers. Suckling and nutrition are the factors of great importance to the extension of the post-partum period. Besides, the occurrence of short cycles within 30 to 40 days postpartum contributes to an increase in the parturition–conception interval. These cycles are related to development of a corpus luteum with reduced duration after the first ovulation (less than 12 days). It is known that the short persistence of the corpus luteum is caused by advance of the luteolytic mechanisms. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the cause of this anticipation. There are two currently accepted hypotheses, one related to the lack of prior exposure to progesterone, and the other related to the low concentration of pre-ovulatory estrogen. Considering the decrease in the incidence of short cycles in cows treated with progesterone and estrogen, the main protocols of ovulation induction include combination of both hormones. Therefore, this study aimed at describing the post-partum anestrous in cows and the main predisposing factors, emphasizing the first postpartum ovulation, short cycle and, its respective causes and consequences

Análise do comportamento em fadiga de rodas ferroviárias fabricadas pelos processos de forjamento e fundição

Since the beginning of the railway industry until today, rail wheels are important components to the good working of a railway. For being a critical security item, design and maintenance are done with extremely care to avoid failures. Despite de fact of railway components be projected to support a big number of cyclic solicitation during its life, some accidents still occur. These accidents, despite the low frequency, always have great consequences, drawing in great financial, material, and people losses. Nowadays, railway component failure is relatively low, because it’s been projected to work below the materials Fatigue Resistance Limit, however, with the growing demand of faster trains and higher load for each axle, the occurrence probability is even bigger. This work includes a comparative study of two fabrication processes (casting and forging) applied in the production of rail wheels where it was measured the mechanical properties of traction and fatigue. The study also verified through microstructural analysis, hardness, traction and fatigue tests, statistical analysis of fatigue test results and fractographic analysis that forging process lead to better correlations between fatigue life and mechanical properties, providing more security in railroads, less wagon retention caused by corrective maintenance and smaller operational cost with its use

Processo de uso e ocupação do Pontal do Paranapanema-SP: perspectiva das unidades de conservação (UCs)

The current concern with environmental issues by the scientific community, governmental and civil society also brings out the need to recover, preserve and conserve the environment. With this understanding, this work was prepared, which had as one of the main objectives of the historical process of land use and occupancy of the Pontal, since the nineteenth century to the present day. From this, the changes were evident in the types of land use, which rose from native forest to plant crops (permanent and temporary crops) and later as pasture. Through this process of occupation, exploitation of forests and replacement even three, Reserves being brought from the Far West Paulista, through the state government of Sao Paulo, they were almost decimated. Such areas decreed by law to be preserved and conserved, with the rampant occupations, were suffocated by the fakes and illegal occupation of land tenure contracts, leaving the region currently only a few forest fragments and protected areas of State Park Morro do Diabo, PRNP Boa Vista and Ecological Station Black Lion Tamarin. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the main legislation being developed by federal and state levels aimed at protecting natural resources and the effectiveness they had with the passage of time, demonstrating that the conservation of the environment, has several contributions in the law, however, and they are so vast that hinder its application.

Estudo do reservatório de coquinas do grupo Lagoa Feia (Eocretáceo) na acumulação de Linguado, sudoeste da Bacia de Campos

The Linguado Field is located in the extreme southwest portion of Campos Basin. It’s associated with Structural Badejo High and can be divided in two groups of faults: one manly formed by antithetic faults, with NW-SE direction, continuous to Badejo Fault, and another identified by N-S faults. Besides these faults had affected the basement and the stratification of basin, these systems also had contributed to coquina permoporosity development, that show 80% of recoverable oil volume of the field. The carbonate marine sequence, Albian age, it was deposited under the salt. This forms structures as like as pillows and raft as a result of the halocinese. Structurally the Linguado Field coquina has monoclinal direction with east dip, it’s cut by faults with slip up to 50 meters. In addition to structural control, stratigraphy and diagenesis also were important to carbonate trap oil. The identification of recoverable oil levels in the low phase of the coquina from Lagoa Feia Group was done by well data. The seismic 2D and 3D, with the well data, was used to structural interpretation to regional scale either to reservoir scale.

Deslocamento de abomaso em vacas leiteiras

The genetic selection and the nutritional management to improve milk production make the dairy cattle more susceptible to the development of diseases, such as the abomasal displacement. It is the most frequently detected abomasal problem and it is the main cause of abdominal surgeries in dairy cattle. It is a multifactorial disease that occurs mainly in dairy cattle of high production during the puerperium. The abomasal displacement can occur to the right (DAD) or to the left (DAE), being the former more frequent than the latter. It is related to feeding management and occurs in animals that also have other diseases such as hypocalcaemia, ketosis and retained placenta. The disease causes economical losses in dairy cattle because of the costs with treatment, reduction of production, increase of the interval between the parturition, loss of body weight, early discard of the matrix and mortality. The most usual clinical signs are apathy, dehydration, low to serious ruminal timpanismo (gas accumulation in the abomasum) with reduction or lack of motility, liquid splash sound during the ballottement of the right flank, metallic sound to percussion, presence of a structure similar to distended viscera in the thorax or in the paralombar cavity on the side corresponding to the displacement, and liquefied, dark, scarce and fetid feces. The treatment is surgical, and the most used technique is the omentopexy on the left flank. The hidroelectrolytic correction must be performed and the concomitant diseases must be treated. The prophylaxis consists of adequate nutrition and pre-parturition management, besides reduction of stress and other diseases of the puerperium

Análise morfométrica da alta bacia do rio Jacuí

This course conclusion project is linked to the work of the research group at the Chronology and Chronometry Center of UNESP-Rio Claro and also proposes the application of morphometric analysis techniques of the drainage network, by applying Slope Index Value and Extension methods and also the application of longitudinal profile in the far east of the southeast region, more precisely on the border between the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, in the geomorphological sub-zone of Serra da Bocaina. The research was conducted in the watershed of Jacuí river, in order to outline neotectonical influences and structural controls on the landscape configuration, and also sort the drainage network in relation to the proposed standards in the literature so far today

Chuva, vulnerabilidade social e percepção do risco na cidade de São Paulo: impactos de eventos extremos nos bairros da Freguesia do Ó e do M’Boi Mirim

The city of São Paulo has, since the beginning of the expansion of its urban sprawl, represented relations of conflicts and contradictions between society and nature. Once the way society relates to nature is defined by how the social agents themselves correlate in certain social and historical contexts, the ways of interaction between the social and natural elements will be different according to the forms of production and appropriation of the urban space. Even more evident is the case of the great national metropolis, given its demographic dimensions and historical conditions, the process of urban expansion follows a logic where spaces of better quality for housing are occupied by those of better financial conditions. Thus, although there are exceptions, the poorest people live in places less desirable, in less resilient environments of lower environmental quality, relating to nature and its phenomena with greater risks. These risks are reflected here as recurring flooding, mudslides and landslides for which the rain is constantly blamed. So we have a situation where it is clear that a weather phenomenon differently interacts with different social groups. In this context, the study was conducted to compare extreme events occurred in two regions of São Paulo: the Freguesia do O, in the north side, and M'Boi Mirim, in the south side. Both are regions with large number of risk areas and are in the same urban climate unit. However, they present different conditions of social vulnerability. With the investigation of each extreme rain event occurred in the two regions, in the period of 2000-2010, supplemented by field research, we tried to observe how far the rain, with his intensity and volume, can, in fact, be related to the accidents.

Expressão de defensinas por membranas corioamnióticas de gestações pré-termo complicadas por corioamnionite

As membranas corioamnióticas são barreiras mecânicas contra a ascensão de microrganismos e possuem papel fundamental no sistema imune inato. Quando é invadida por microrganismos apresenta corioamnionite aguda, que é a infiltração das membranas fetais por leucócitos polimorfonucleares. Entretanto as membranas têm efeito inibitório sobre o crescimento de muitas bactérias, em parte, pela produção de defensinas. Quantificar a expressão de defensinas (HBD1, 3 e 4) por membranas corioamnióticas de gestações complicadas por corioamnionite. Foram incluídos no estudo 40 fragmentos de membranas corioamnióticas, com diagnóstico histológico de corioamnionite, provenientes de gestações complicadas por rotura prematura de membranas pré-termo (RPM-PT) e/ou trabalho de parto prematuro (TPP) que apresentaram parto prematuro como desfecho gestacional, constituindo o grupo estudo (G1). Como grupo controle (G2), foram avaliadas 40 membranas corioamnióticas, com ausência de corioamnionite e pareadas pela idade gestacional ao grupo estudo. Fragmentos das membranas corioamnióticas foram encaminhados à análise histopatológica para confirmação de corioamnionite histológica. Outros fragmentos de 1cm2 das membranas foram acondicionados em RNA later e submetidos à extração de RNA total. Após a extração do RNA, as amostras com concentração entre 0,02 e 0,2μg/ μL de RNA foram submetidas à obtenção de cDNA e posterior utilização na quantificação da expressão de defensinas pela técnica da PCR em tempo real empregando-se o sistema TaqMan® Gene Expression Assays. Em relação às variáveis sócio-demográficas, as porcentagens de mulheres que referiram união estável, cor branca e hábito tabagista foram similares entre os grupos estudados. Em relação às variáveis obstétricas não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos G1 e G2... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Classificação do grupo sucessional de espécies nativas por análise do processo de estiolamento de plântulas

As plantas apresentam moléculas que detectam a luz, entre elas estão os fitocromos que detectam mudanças na qualidade da luz nas regiões de vermelho (V) e vermelho-extremo (VE). O fitocromo age no crescimento das plantas possibilitando-as perceber o sombreamento por outras plantas, o que pode ocasionar no processo de estiolamento, ou seja, alongamento do caule. Assim, conforme aumenta o sombreamento, a razão V:VE diminui. Nas plantas de sol, quanto maior a proporção de VE, maior a taxa de estiolamento, enquanto que as plantas de sombra mostram pouca ou nenhuma redução na taxa de alongamento dos caules. Na sucessão florestal as plantas podem ser classificadas como pioneiras, sendo aquelas dependentes de luz e intolerantes à sombra, e as de transição ou clímax, que são tolerantes à sombra. Assim, este trabalho teve o intuito de analisar o processo de estiolamento de plântulas de espécies arbóreas nativas selecionadas, mantidas em condições de luz diferentes e correlacionar com a classe seral correspondente citada na literatura. As seguintes espécies foram analisadas: Bixa orellana, Caesalpinia peltophoroides, Dalbergia nigra, Erythrina speciosa, Eugenia uniflora, Hevea brasiliensis, Hymenaea courbaril, Licania tomentosa, Pachira aquatica, Piptadenia gonoacantha, Psidium guajava, Schizolobium parahyba. Todos os experimentos foram desenvolvidos no jardim experimental da UNESP de Rio Claro. As espécies foram expostas a seis condições luminosas diferentes, com razão V:VE de: 0,1; 0,19; 0,21; 0,35; 1,15 e 1,17. E radiação solar incidente de: 3,16UM; 44,78UM; 27,7UM; 73,54UM; 1987,00UM; 1453,00UM. Foram tiradas medidas do comprimento dos hipocótilos e epicótilos. Posteriormente foram realizadas análises estatísticas com nível de significância de 5%. As espécies consideradas pioneiras foram D. nigra e S. parahyba. E as espécies classificadas como não pioneiras foram:... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

A formação inicial de professores de inglês como espaço para a (re)construção de identidades

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE