914 resultados para Perfect Pyramids
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Eventos La Gran Bélgica, es una Compañía operadora de eventos sociales, con sólida experiencia en ambientaciones temáticas originales y hechas a medida de los clientes, garantizando originalidad y exclusividad en el concepto de cada evento. Nuestros clientes podrán con la ayuda de un equipo integral y experto en diseños de escenografías para cumplir sus sueños y hacerlos realidad.
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En aquest article s'intenta aportar una visió descriptiva del funcionament d'haber, ser i estar en construccions 'perifràstiques' del castellà medieval. Quant a les perífrasis 'AUX+ infinitiu', s'observa que no s'ajusten a una anàlisi del tipus 'SV que selecciona un SV'. D'altra banda, s'aporta evidència que afavoreix una visió de la derivació dels futurs i condicionals analítics on el verb [-finit] s'excorpora de l'auxiliar funcional per traslladar-se a CO. Finalment, s'estableix que les construccions 'haber/ser/estar+participi' poden ser analitzades com a verbs lèxics que subcategoritzen una oració reduïda el predicat de la qual és el participi. Això permet relacionar l'avantposició de participi amb la dels SA i la dels arguments interns. Els aspectes bàsics d'aquest canvi sintàctic que duu del castellà medieval i preclàssic a l'espanyol actual són: (a) la categoria lèxica SV dels verbs en qüestió es reanalitza com una categoria funcional SAsp i aquests verbs esdevenen auxiliars; (b) hi ha un canvi de subcabgorització, ja que aquests verbs deixen de subcategoritzar una oració reduïda per passar a subcategoritzar un SVmàx, i (c) la pèrdua de la projecció màxima SCONC1 comporta la desparició dels efectes de la llei Tobler-Mussafia, de la possibilitat d'avantposar el participi i també de la concordança de participi en els perfets compostos.
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The solving of emotional and mental references and their translation to other languages demands from the translator the perfect understanding of every element of the culture which operates the language of the text that needs to be translated. However, this task often proves to be very hard or even impossible to accomplish, therefore the translator gives preference to some aspects over others in the process. The study tries to complete this typical poetics with the epistemology of the translating act and regards translation as a critical life situation, especially when the translator is faced with a fantastic literary material. This is because the translator arrives at the psychological state of inquiétante étrangeté, which is known from the classic theories of Freud and representatives of fantastic literature. That state is characterized by an uncertainty and fear towards the inexpicable phenomenon in the scope of the real world.
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Muito se tem teorizado sobre a formação contínua dos professores e a sua implicação no desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional dos docentes, tendo sempre presente as necessárias melhorias no sistema educativo. Entre a dimensão teórica que nos reconforta pela quantidade de saberes acumulados ao longo dos anos e a dimensão prática que se esvanece frequentemente na inércia e rotinas diárias dos professores fica a ausência de uma formação contínua adequada às verdadeiras necessidades dos seus profissionais. Falta proporcionar o encontro mais sistemático entre teoria e prática em contexto, ou vice-versa, numa simbiose perfeita de sentidos para que a formação se torne essencial e determinante na prática diária do professor. A reflexão e o profundo questionamento sobre esta temática colocaram-nos diante de uma questão extremamente pertinente: que formação contínua em contexto proporcionar aos docentes, promotora de aprendizagens (pessoais, profissionais, organizacionais) e da melhoria dos resultados escolares num Agrupamento de Escolas? As respostas estão implícitas na formulação do tema do presente trabalho: (i) a formação em contexto permite revitalizar aprendizagens pessoais, profissionais e organizacionais; (ii) (re)pensar e (re)dinamizar as dinâmicas de trabalho entre professores, bem como criar novas dinâmicas organizacionais, procurando desenvolver saberes e competências individuais que devidamente aproveitados farão da escola um espaço de trabalho agradável, onde a partilha, o trabalho colaborativo e reflexivo melhorarão naturalmente as práticas do quotidiano escolar. Efetuou-se um levantamento das ações realizadas pelos docentes do agrupamento e verificou-se que maioritariamente se faziam fora do âmbito disciplinar, constrangimento apontado pela falta de formações específicas nas áreas disciplinares. Esta e outras questões foram validadas a partir das entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas a docentes do agrupamento que confirmaram existir no contexto escolar oportunidades de aprendizagem desaproveitadas. Partindo das fundamentações necessárias, quer a partir dos dados, quer a partir de um quadro concetual teórico, quer ainda da opinião muito favorável das professoras entrevistadas, propomos um projeto de formação pró-ativo concebido para um agrupamento de escolas que contribua para a melhoria das práticas letivas.
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Num mundo cada vez mais global, com alterações constantes nos comportamentos dos consumidores, de novos e emergentes destinos e criativas formas de exploração turística, a diferenciação turística irá fazer-se cada vez mais pela qualidade dos serviços prestados. Essa qualidade terá que passar inevitavelmente pelos seus recursos humanos, e neste domínio o papel da formação profissional na sua qualificação será preponderante. As empresas necessitam ao nível das profissões operacionais, que as pessoas possuam mais competências de adaptação à constante mudança, mais capacidade prospetiva, mais comportamento inovador. Contudo estas não se revelam muito atrativas para as novas gerações, não permitindo uma relação perfeita entre trabalho e usufruto da vida, reconhecimento social e retorno salarial. A recente expansão da formação no turismo e na hotelaria, leva a questionar a sustentabilidade desta progressão em termos de empregabilidade no país ou na região, existindo opiniões quanto à necessidade de ocorrerem mudanças profundas na lógica do sistema de formação profissional. Os vários organismos oficiais que tutelam esta matéria, têm funcionado com notória descoordenação, duplicando atividades e consumindo recursos tão escassos na atual conjuntura. Neste contexto, pretende-se compreender a atual situação da oferta formativa em turismo e hotelaria na histórica região do Alentejo, quer no ensino superior quer no ensino técnico-profissional e aferir a sua adequação ao objetivo de formar os futuros profissionais para o mercado de trabalho na região e no país analisando o desenvolvimento das diversas políticas de formação do sector. A partir desta análise e tendo em consideração as perspetivas de crescimento turístico regional e as necessidades das empresas perspetivam-se as necessidades de oferta e de procura de formação de recursos humanos na região.
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Vivemos uma época de empolgante dialética entre o público e o privado. Para alguns, são conceitos basicamente e ontologicmente antagónicos, que (quase sempre) forçosamente se excluem, ou só de má vontade convivem um com o outro. Por outros tantos o público está a ganhar terreno excessivo à autonomia privada, numa era de «big brother» vivenciado, que não teríamos querido nem imaginado possível. Mas em contraste, há quem peça a convocação do Estado, para áreas das quais, neste nosso mundo ocidental, havia sido proscrito. A banca será o melhor exemplo, mas está longe de ser o único. A harmonia entre os públicos (o bem público, o serviço público, o interesse público) e os privados (com a sua iniciativa, criatividade, visão e ambição) devem coexistir numa harmonia que se quer perfeita. A segurança privada demonstra que isso é não só possível, como é desejável e essencial. Assim, cada um cumpra o seu papel.
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[ES]En el presente documento se expone el estudio experimental que consiste en la comparación de diferentes catalizadores en sistemas de reacción avanzados, microrreactores, para la producción de hidrógeno a partir de biogás. El hidrógeno es un vector energético que puede emplearse como combustible, y por tanto, un candidato perfecto para sustituir aquellos combustibles provenientes de fuentes fósiles. Este Proyecto de Fin de Grado se ha basado en desarrollar el proceso conocido como tri-reformado de biogás. Esta técnica, al contrario que las técnicas convencionales de producción, presenta numerosas ventajas ya que la materia prima empleada, el biogás, es una fuente de origen renovable. Para llevar a cabo este estudio se han preparado distintos catalizadores, basados todos ellos en platino. La elección de este metal noble es debido a su alto grado de reactividad, especialmente en sistemas de reacción micro-estructurados. Con el objetivo de reducir los costes asociados al propio catalizador, se añadieron, junto con el platino, otros metales más baratos a fin de analizar su idoneidad en el proceso del tri-reformado. Por tanto, partiendo de un catalizador de referencia que contiene un 5% de platino, se prepararon otros catalizadores mantenido constante, en un 5%, la composición de metal total. Estos catalizadores se han denominado de la siguiente manera: 2.5(Pt-Me), siendo Me cada especie metálica diferente. Tras preparar los catalizadores, se llevaron a cabo diferentes experimentos con un reactor convencional de lecho fijo. El objetivo fue establecer unas condiciones de operación tal que asegurasen una adecuada comparación entre catalizadores. De este modo, se realizaron ensayos de actividad catalítica a diferentes temperaturas y velocidades espaciales para someter a los catalizadores a condiciones de operación extremas, bajo las cuales, las diferencias entre catalizadores fueran más notorias. Una vez detalladas las condiciones de operación adecuadas para la comparación de catalizadores, se llevaron a cabo los correspondientes ensayos con los catalizadores impregnados en los sistemas de reacción avanzados, denominados micorreactores. Estos ensayos se basaron en operar a una velocidad espacial constante para estudiar la influencia de la temperatura. Además, se llevaron a cabo ensayos de estabilidad de hasta 110 horas en las condiciones de operación más desfavorables. Por último se compararon las conversiones de CH4 y CO2 y el rendimiento de H2 de todas las formulaciones catalíticas preparadas, y se concluyó que el mejor candidato para el proceso del tri-reformado es el catalizador 2.5(Pt-Pd).
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Data assimilation is a sophisticated mathematical technique for combining observational data with model predictions to produce state and parameter estimates that most accurately approximate the current and future states of the true system. The technique is commonly used in atmospheric and oceanic modelling, combining empirical observations with model predictions to produce more accurate and well-calibrated forecasts. Here, we consider a novel application within a coastal environment and describe how the method can also be used to deliver improved estimates of uncertain morphodynamic model parameters. This is achieved using a technique known as state augmentation. Earlier applications of state augmentation have typically employed the 4D-Var, Kalman filter or ensemble Kalman filter assimilation schemes. Our new method is based on a computationally inexpensive 3D-Var scheme, where the specification of the error covariance matrices is crucial for success. A simple 1D model of bed-form propagation is used to demonstrate the method. The scheme is capable of recovering near-perfect parameter values and, therefore, improves the capability of our model to predict future bathymetry. Such positive results suggest the potential for application to more complex morphodynamic models.
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Our understanding of the climate system has been revolutionized recently, by the development of sophisticated computer models. The predictions of such models are used to formulate international protocols, intended to mitigate the severity of global warming and its impacts. Yet, these models are not perfect representations of reality, because they remove from explicit consideration many physical processes which are known to be key aspects of the climate system, but which are too small or fast to be modelled. The purpose of this paper is to give a personal perspective of the current state of knowledge regarding the problem of unresolved scales in climate models. A recent novel solution to the problem is discussed, in which it is proposed, somewhat counter-intuitively, that the performance of models may be improved by adding random noise to represent the unresolved processes.
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The performance of boreal winter forecasts made with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) System 11 Seasonal Forecasting System is investigated through analyses of ensemble hindcasts for the period 1987-2001. The predictability, or signal-to-noise ratio, associated with the forecasts, and the forecast skill are examined. On average, forecasts of 500 hPa geopotential height (GPH) have skill in most of the Tropics and in a few regions of the extratropics. There is broad, but not perfect, agreement between regions of high predictability and regions of high skill. However, model errors are also identified, in particular regions where the forecast ensemble spread appears too small. For individual winters the information provided by t-values, a simple measure of the forecast signal-to-noise ratio, is investigated. For 2 m surface air temperature (T2m), highest t-values are found in the Tropics but there is considerable interannual variability, and in the tropical Atlantic and Indian basins this variability is not directly tied to the El Nino Southern Oscillation. For GPH there is also large interannual variability in t-values, but these variations cannot easily be predicted from the strength of the tropical sea-surface-temperature anomalies. It is argued that the t-values for 500 hPa GPH can give valuable insight into the oceanic forcing of the atmosphere that generates predictable signals in the model. Consequently, t-values may be a useful tool for understanding, at a mechanistic level, forecast successes and failures. Lastly, the extent to which t-values are useful as a predictor of forecast skill is investigated. For T2m, t-values provide a useful predictor of forecast skill in both the Tropics and extratropics. Except in the equatorial east Pacific, most of the information in t-values is associated with interannual variability of the ensemble-mean forecast rather than interannual variability of the ensemble spread. For GPH, however, t-values provide a useful predictor of forecast skill only in the tropical Pacific region.
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The eclectic paradigm of Dunning (1980) (with its OLI and four motives for FDI framework) can be reconciled with the firm and country matrix of Rugman (1981). However, the fit is not perfect. The main reason for misalignment is that Dunning is focused upon outward FDI into host economies, whereas Rugman’s matrix is for firm-level strategy covering MNE activity in both home and host countries.
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BACKGROUND: Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) is a powerful tool for genome-wide transcription studies. Unlike microarrays, it has the ability to detect novel forms of RNA such as alternatively spliced and antisense transcripts, without the need for prior knowledge of their existence. One limitation of using SAGE on an organism with a complex genome and lacking detailed sequence information, such as the hexaploid bread wheat Triticum aestivum, is accurate annotation of the tags generated. Without accurate annotation it is impossible to fully understand the dynamic processes involved in such complex polyploid organisms. Hence we have developed and utilised novel procedures to characterise, in detail, SAGE tags generated from the whole grain transcriptome of hexaploid wheat. RESULTS: Examination of 71,930 Long SAGE tags generated from six libraries derived from two wheat genotypes grown under two different conditions suggested that SAGE is a reliable and reproducible technique for use in studying the hexaploid wheat transcriptome. However, our results also showed that in poorly annotated and/or poorly sequenced genomes, such as hexaploid wheat, considerably more information can be extracted from SAGE data by carrying out a systematic analysis of both perfect and "fuzzy" (partially matched) tags. This detailed analysis of the SAGE data shows first that while there is evidence of alternative polyadenylation this appears to occur exclusively within the 3' untranslated regions. Secondly, we found no strong evidence for widespread alternative splicing in the developing wheat grain transcriptome. However, analysis of our SAGE data shows that antisense transcripts are probably widespread within the transcriptome and appear to be derived from numerous locations within the genome. Examination of antisense transcripts showing sequence similarity to the Puroindoline a and Puroindoline b genes suggests that such antisense transcripts might have a role in the regulation of gene expression. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the detailed analysis of transcriptome data, such as SAGE tags, is essential to understand fully the factors that regulate gene expression and that such analysis of the wheat grain transcriptome reveals that antisense transcripts maybe widespread and hence probably play a significant role in the regulation of gene expression during grain development.
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FOREWORD Welcome to this West Africa Built Environment Research (WABER) conference taking place here in Ghana. Thank you for coming and welcome to Accra. The main aims of the WABER conference are: to help young researchers and early-career scholars in West Africa to develop their research work and skills through constructive face-to-face interaction with experienced academics; to provide a platform for networking and collaborative work among senior built environment academics in West Africa; and to serve as a vehicle for developing the field of construction management and economics in Africa. Waber 2009 The WABER event in 2009 was held at the British Council in Accra, Ghana on 2-3 June. The event was a resounding success. It attracted participation from 32 researchers, from 12 different institutions, who presented their work to an audience of approximately 100 people. Each presenter received immediate and constructive feedback from an international panel. The event was opened by Professor K.K. Adarkwa, Vice Chancellor of KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana, with several senior academics and researchers from universities, polytechnics, and other institutions in Ghana and Nigeria in attendance. There was also a significant level of attendance by senior construction practitioners in Ghana. Thank you to the School of Construction Management and Engineering, University of Reading, UK for funding the inaugural event in 2009. We are also grateful to all of you who helped to make the event a success and to those of you who have joined us here today to build upon the success and legacy of WABER 2009. Waber 2010 This year, we have 60+ peer-reviewed papers and presentations on topics relating to Building services and maintenance, Construction costs, Construction design and technology, Construction education, Construction finance, Construction procurement, Contract administration, Contract management, Contractor development, Decision support systems, Dispute resolution, Economic development, Energy efficiency, Environment and sustainability, Health and safety, Human resources, Information technology, Marketing, Materials science, Organisation strategy and business performance, Productivity, Project management, Quantity surveying, Real estate and planning, Solar energy systems, Supply chain management and Urban development. We hope that these papers will generate interest among delagates and stimulate discussion here and beyond the conference into the wider community of academia and industry. The delegates at this conference come from 10 different countries. This provides a rich international and multicultural blend and a perfect platform for networking and developing collaborations. This year we are blessed to have three high profile keynote speakers in the persons of Professor George Ofori (National University of Singapore), Dr Roine Leiringer (University of Reading, UK) and Professor Will Hughes (University of Reading, UK). We are also thankful to Dr Chris Harty (University of Reading, UK) who is facilitating the Research Skills Workshop on ‘Writing a scientific article’. Thank you to Dr Sena Agyepong of our conference organising team for her capable management of local organising arrangements. And above all, thank you to all of you for coming to this conference. Enjoy and have a safe journey back home. Dr Samuel Laryea School of Construction Management and Engineering University of Reading, July 2010
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This paper presents a new method for the inclusion of nonlinear demand and supply relationships within a linear programming model. An existing method for this purpose is described first and its shortcomings are pointed out before showing how the new approach overcomes those difficulties and how it provides a more accurate and 'smooth' (rather than a kinked) approximation of the nonlinear functions as well as dealing with equilibrium under perfect competition instead of handling just the monopolistic situation. The workings of the proposed method are illustrated by extending a previously available sectoral model for the UK agriculture.
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Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is an important economic problem. The incidence of TB in cattle herds has steadily risen in the UK, and badgers are strongly implicated in spreading disease. Since the mid-1970s the UK government has adopted a number of badger culling strategies to attempt to reduce infection in cattle. In this report, an established model has been used to simulate TB in badgers, transmission to cattle, and control by badger culling. Costs were supplied by the UK Government's Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) for badger trapping and gassing. Regardless of culling intensity or area simulated, an overall reduction in the herd breakdown rate was seen. With a high culling efficacy and no social perturbation, the mean Net Present Value of a few simulated culling strategies in an "ideal world" was positive, meaning the economic benefits outweighed the costs. Further work is required before these results could be considered definitive, as it is necessary to evaluate uncertainties and simulate less than perfect conditions. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.