THERMAL BEHAVIOR STUDY AND DECOMPOSITION KINETICS OF SALBUTAMOL UNDER ISOTHERMAL AND NON-ISOTHERMAL CONDITIONS

The thermal decomposition of salbutamol (beta(2) - selective adrenoreceptor) was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG). It was observed that the commercial sample showed a different thermal profile than the standard sample caused by the presence of excipients. These compounds increase the thermal stability of the drug. Moreover, higher activation energy was calculated for the pharmaceutical sample, which was estimated by isothermal and non-isothermal methods for the first stage of the thermal decomposition process. For isothermal experiments the average values were E(act) = 130 kJ mol(-1) (for standard sample) and E(act) = 252 kJ mol(-1) (for pharmaceutical sample) in a dynamic nitrogen atmosphere (50 mL min(-1)). For non-isothermal method, activation energy was obtained from the plot of log heating rates vs. 1/T in dynamic air atmosphere (50 mL min(-1)). The calculated values were E(act) = 134 kJ mol(-1) (for standard sample) and E(act) (=) 139 kJ mol(-1) (for pharmaceutical sample).

View of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration classroom at the New York Trade School

This black and white photograph shows classroom space of the Air Conditioning/Refrigeration Dept. empty of students. Black and white photograph.

Professor and Student in Piano Crafts Department

Here a professor in the Piano Crafts Department at the New York Trade School is shown helping a student. Black and white photograph.

Propaganda governamental e sua inserção na pós-graduação em administração nas universidades brasileiras

o ensino de marketing, tanto no Brasil quanto no mundo, parece priorizar a análise de mercados tradicionais e focaliza, principalmente, ações de marketing que podem ser conduzidas por empresas. Desta forma, é natural pensar que o ensino de marketing governamental seja restrito a algumas instituições ou cursos. o objetivo deste estudo é identificar a abordagem utilizada no ensino de Propaganda Governamental em cursos de pós-graduação em Administração, e descrever o preparo acadêmico dos alunos nesta disciplina específica. As informações levantadas compreendem a forma como esta ferramenta tem sido utilizada ao longo das últimas décadas. alguns conceitos estratégicos relativos ao tema, e considerações sobre a importância da inserção da disciplina Propaganda Governamental em cursos de pós-graduação em Administração.

Thermal study and physico-chemical characterization of some functional properties of guava seeds protein isolate (Psidium guajava)

The guava seed protein isolate ( PI) was obtained from the protein precipitation belonging to the class of the gluteline (Ip 4.5). The conditions for the preparation of the PI were determined by both the solubility curve and simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA): pH 11.5, absence of NaCl and whiteners and T=( 25 +/- 3) degrees C. Under these conditions a yield of 77.0 +/- 0.4%, protein content of 94.2 +/- 0.3, ashes 0.50 +/- 0.05% and thermal stability, T= 200 degrees C, were obtained. The TG-DTA curves and the PI emulsification capacity study showed the presence of hydrophobic microdomains at pH 11.5 and 3.0 suggesting a random coil protein conformation and, to pH 10.0, an open protein conformation. The capacity of emulsification (CE), in the absence of NaCl, was verified for: 1 - pH 3.0 and 8.5, using the IP extracted at pH 10.0 and 11.5, CE >= 343 +/- 5 g of emulsified oil/g of protein; 2 - pH 6.60 just for the PI obtained at pH 11.5, CE >= 140 +/- 8 g of emulsified oil/g of protein.

Ab initio study and NMR analysis of the complexion of citric acid with ion lithium

Quantum mechanics calculations at the ab initio HF/3-21G* level were carried out with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) measurements to characterize citric acid and lithium interactions. The results indicate the formation of a tridentate organometallic compound with one lithium and one citric acid molecule and a tridentate and bidentate compound of two lithium atoms and one citric acid molecule. The results are in agreement with the experimental and theoretical data. (C) 1999 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Environmental management system and human resource practices: is there a link between them in four Brazilian companies?

The aim of this article is to analyze the theoretical model proposed by [Jabbour CJC, Santos FCA. Relationships between human resource dimensions and environmental management in companies: proposal of a model. Journal of Cleaner Production 2008;16(1):5 1-8.] based on the data collected in four Brazilian companies. This model investigates how the phases of the environmental management system can be linked to human resource practices in order to attain continuous improvement of a company's environmental performance. Our aim is to contribute to a field, which has little empirical evidence. Although the interaction between the phases of the environmental management system and human resource practices is recommended by the specialized literature [Daily BE Huang S. Achieving sustainability through attention to human resource factors in environmental management. International Journal of Operations and Production Management 2001:21(12):1539-52.], the results indicate that most of the theoretical assumptions could not be confirmed in these Brazilian companies. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A snapshot of management practices and nutritional recommendations used by feedlot nutritionists in Brazil

Feedlot consulting nutritionists were invited to participate in a survey of feedlot nutritional and management practices in Brazil. Thirty-one nutritionists completed the survey on a Web site that was designed for collection of survey data. The survey consisted of 94 questions that included general information (n = 10); commodity information (n = 12); and questions about the use of coproducts (n = 5), roughage source and levels (n = 5), finishing diet adaptation methods (n = 7), supplements and micronutrients (n = 8), feed mixers (n = 6), feeding management (n = 3), cattle management and type of cattle fed (n = 16), formulation practices (n = 17), information resources used for nutritional recommendations (n = 2), and 2 additional questions. One final question addressed the primary challenges associated with applying nutritional recommendations in practice. The number of animals serviced yearly by each nutritionist averaged 121,682 (minimum = 2,000; maximum = 1,500,000; mode = 120,000; total = 3,163,750). Twenty-two respondents (71%) worked with feedlots that feed less than 5,000 animals/yr. Labor, along with availability and precision of equipment, seemed to be the main challenges for the nutritionists surveyed. Most of the nutritionists surveyed used TDN as the primary energy unit for formulation. More than 50% of the clients serviced by the 31 nutritionists did not manage feed bunks to control the quantity of feed offered per pen, and 36.6% fed cattle more than 4 times daily. The NRC (1996) and Journal of Animal Science were the most used sources of information by these nutritionists. Overall, general practices and nutritional recommendations provided by the 31 nutritionists surveyed were fairly consistent. Present data should aid in development of new research, future National Research Council models, and recommendations for Brazilian feeding systems in which Bos indicus cattle predominate.

Phytochemical study and antiulcerogenic activity of Syngonanthus bisulcatus (Eriocaulaceae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Thermoanalytical study and characterization of native starches of Paraná pine seeds (Araucaria angustiofolia, Bert O. Ktze) and European chestnut seeds (Castanea sativa, Mill)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Spectroscopic study and local coordination of polyphosphate colloidal systems

The interaction between metaphosphate chains and the metal ions Ca2+ and Eu3+ has been studied in water by Eu3+ luminescence, infrared absorption, and P-31 NMR spectroscopy. Two main families of sites could be identified for the metal ions in the aqueous polyphosphate colloidal systems: (1) cagelike sites provided by the polyphosphate chain and (2) a family which arises following saturation of cagelike sites. Occupation of this second family leads to supramolecular interactions between polyphosphate chains and the consequent destabilization of the colloidal system. In the polyphosphate-Ca2+ system, this destabilization appears as a coacervation process. Equilibrium existing between colloidal species as a function of the compositions could be reasoned based on the spectroscopic measurements. The determination of coordination numbers and the correlation of the results with the observation of coacervates show that Eu3+ luminescence properties can be used to probe in a unique way the coacervation process.