Report - United States, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Planning Support Group.

Mode of access: Internet.

Designation of portions of the Piedra River and its East and Middle Forks under the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act, Archuleta, Hinsdale, and Mineral Counties, Colorado /

PL 93-621.

Illinois River National Wildlife and Fish Refuges Complex : comprehensive conservation plan and environmental assessment /

Cover title.

Lower Des Plaines River area assessment.

Examines an area of 357.5 miles in northeast Illinois--much of which is a part of the Greater Chicago Metropolitan Region. The area includes eight subbasins, of which two have been designated a state Resource Rich Area.

Vermilion River (Illinois River Basin) area assessment.

The Critical Trends Assessment Program (CTAP) documents changes in ecological conditions.

History of the expedition under the command of Captains Lewis and Clarke, to the sources of the Missouri : thence across the Rockey Mountains, and down the river Columbia to the Pacific Ocean ; performed during the years 1804, 1805, 1806, by order of the government of the United States /

The chapter on natural history (1st edition, v. 2, chapter 7) is in this edition transferred to the appendix. In this appendix the Estimate of the western Indians is given under the heading: "Enumeration of Indian nations and their places of general residence".

Memoirs of odd adventures, strange deliverances, &c. in the captivity of John Gyles, Esq; commander of the garrison on St. George's River /

"Erratum."--p. [44].

In & around the Grand Canyon. The Grand Canyon of the Colorado River in Arizona

"Bibliography of the Grand Canyon region," p. 339-341.

Report of the Commission to locate the site of the frontier forts of Pennsylvania.

Miscellaneous after 1825.

The wild and scenic Snake River : Hells Canyon National Recreation Area.

Shipping list no.: 94-0263-P.

Message from the President of the United States transmitting a report of the Secretary of agriculture in relation to the forests, rivers, and mountains of the Southern Appalachian region. December 19, 1901. -- Read, referred to the Committee on forest reservations and the protection of game and ordered to be printed.

Prepared in cooperation with the Department of the Interior. Appendix A is submitted by the Bureau of forestry, B-C by the Geological survey and D by the Weather bureau.

Federal government's relationship with American Indians : hearings before the Special Committee on Investigations of the Select Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, first session.

Item 1009-B-5, 1009-C-5 (microfiche).

Report intended to illustrate a map of the hydrographical basin of the upper Mississippi river,

Map published in 1842.

Surface Elevation Change Processes in the Snohomish River Estuary, Washington

Estuaries provide crucial ecosystem functions and contain significant socio-economic value. Within Washington State, estuaries supply rearing habitat for juvenile salmon during their transition period from freshwater to open sea. In order to properly manage wetland resources and restore salmon habitat, the mechanisms through which estuaries evolve and adapt to pressures from climate change, most notably eustatic sea level rise, must be understood. Estuaries maintain elevation relative to sea level rise through vertical accretion of sediment. This report investigates the processes that contribute to local surface elevation change in the Snohomish Estuary, conveys preliminary surface elevation change results from RTK GPS monitoring, and describes how surface elevation change will be monitored with a network of RSET-MH’s. Part of the tidal wetlands within the Snohomish River Estuary were converted for agricultural and industrial purposes in the 1800’s, which resulted in subsidence of organic soils and loss of habitat. The Tulalip Tribes, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission (NWIFC), and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are conducting a large-scale restoration project to improve ecosystem health and restore juvenile salmon habitat. A study by Crooks et al. (2014) used 210Pb and carbon densities within sediment cores to estimate wetland re-building capacities, sediment accretion rates, and carbon sequestration potential within the Snohomish Estuary. This report uses the aforementioned study in combination with research on crustal movement, tidal patterns, sediment supply, and sea level rise predictions in the Puget Sound to project how surface elevation will change in the Snohomish Estuary with respect to sea level rise. Anthropogenic modification of the floodplain has reduced the quantity of vegetation and functional connectivity within the Snohomish Estuary. There have been losses up to 99% in vegetation coverage from historic extents within the estuary in both freshwater and mesohaline environments. Hydrographic monitoring conducted by NOAA and the Tulalip Tribe shows that 85% of the historic wetland area is not connected to the main stem of the Snohomish (Jason Hall 2014, unpublished data, NOAA). As vegetation colonization and functional connectivity of the floodplains of the Snohomish estuary is re-established through passive and active restoration, sediment transport and accretion is expected to increase. Under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) “medium- probability” scenario sea level is projected to rise at a rate of 4.28 mm/year in the Puget Sound. Sea level rise in the Snohomish Estuary will be exacerbated from crustal deformation from subsidence and post-glacial rebound, which are measured to be -1.4 mm/year and -0.02 mm/year, respectively. Sediment accretion rates calculated by Crooks et al. (2014) and RTK GPS monitoring of surface elevation change of the Marysville Mitigation site from 2011-2014 measured vertical accretion rates that range from -48-19 mm/year and have high spatial variability. Sediment supply is estimated at 490 thousand tons/year, which may be an under-estimate because of the exclusion of tidal transport in this value. The higher rates of sediment accretion measured in the Snohomish Estuary suggest that the Snohomish will likely match or exceed the pace of sea level rise under “medium-probability” projections. The network of RSET-MH instruments will track surface elevation change within the estuary, and provide a more robust dataset on rates of surface elevation change to quantify how vertical accretion and subsidence are contributing to surface elevation change on a landscape scale.

Geomorphic Impacts of the 2013 Colorado Front Range Flood on Black Canyon Creek and North Fork Big Thompson River

In September 2013, the Colorado Front Range experienced a five-day storm that brought record-breaking precipitation to the region. As a consequence, many Front Range streams experienced flooding, leading to erosion, debris flows, bank failures and channel incision. I compare the effects that debris flows and flooding have on the channel bar frequency, frequency and location of wood accumulation, and on the shape and size of the channel along two flood impacted reaches located near Estes Park and Glen Haven, Colorado within Rocky Mountain National Park and Arapaho-Roosevelt National Forest: Black Canyon Creek (BCC) and North Fork Big Thompson River (NFBT). The primary difference between the two study areas is that BCC was inundated by multiple debris flows, whereas NFBT only experienced flooding. Fieldwork consisted of recording location and size of large wood and channel bars and surveying reaches to produce cross-sections. Additional observations were made on bank failures in NFBT and the presence of boulders in channel bars in BCC to determine sediment source. The debris flow acted to scour and incise BCC causing long-term alteration. The post-flood channel cross-sectional area is as much as 7 to 23 times larger than the pre-flood channel, caused by the erosion of the channel bed to bedrock and the elimination of riparian vegetation. Large wood was forced out of the stream channel and deposited outside of the bankfull channel. Flooding in NFBT caused bank erosion and widening that contributed sediment to channel bars, but accomplished little stream-bed scour. As a result, there was relatively little damage to mid-channel and riparian vegetation, and most large wood remained within the wetted channel.