La necesidad de las perspectivas múltiples en la planificación = The need for multiple perspectives in planning

Incluye Bibliografía

Chlorine disinfection of dye wastewater: Implications for a commercial azo dye mixture

Azo dyes, the most widely used family of synthetic dyes, are often employed as colorants in areas such as textiles, plastics, foods/drugs/cosmetics, and electronics. Following their use in industrial applications, azo dyes have been found in effluents and various receiving waters. Chemical treatment of effluents containing azo dyes includes disinfection using chlorine, which can generate compounds of varying eco/genotoxicity. Among the widely known commercial azo dyes for synthetic fibers is C.I. Disperse Red 1. While this dye is known to exist as a complex mixture, reports of eco/genotoxicity involve the purified form. Bearing in mind the potential for adverse synergistic effects arising from exposures to chemical mixtures, the aim of the present study was to characterize the components of commercial Disperse Red 1 and its chlorine-mediated decoloration products and to evaluate their ecotoxicity and mutagenicity. In conducting the present study, Disperse Red 1 was treated with chlorine gas, and the solution obtained was analyzed with the aid of LC-ESI-MS/MS to identify the components present, and then evaluated for ecotoxicity and mutagenicity, using Daphnia similis and Salmonella/microsome assays, respectively. The results of this study indicated that chlorination of Disperse Red 1 produced four chlorinated aromatic compounds as the main products and that the degradation products were more ecotoxic than the parent dye. These results suggest that a disinfection process using chlorine should be avoided for effluents containing hydrophobic azo dyes such commercial Disperse Red 1. © 2012 Elsevier B.V..

La necesidad de perspectivas múltiples en la planificación

Incluye Bibliografía

The need for multiple perspectives in planning

Includes bibliography

A concordância verbal na língua falada na região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Toward the privatization of water utilities in the Great Lakes region of North America

Includes bibliography

Ageing and Development Newsletter No. 3

Karoline Schmid: Caribbean challenges o f a global phenom enon. Harold Robinson: Information is the basis for effective action. Implementation of the Regional Strategy. Caribbean steps towards a society for all ages Montevideo: ECLAC called the attention of countries on social protection.

Crecimiento bajo en carbono: políticas en Bolivia (Estado Plurinacional de), Colombia, Nicaragua y el Perú

El cambio climático por sus impactos económicos, sociales y sobre la biodiversidad constituye uno de los principales retos globales de este siglo. América Latina por su alta vulnerabilidad al cambio climático y, a pesar de contribuir en términos relativos poco a las emisiones globales, requiere realizar medidas de adaptación y de mitigación de sus emisiones, que le permita transitar hacia una senda de crecimiento bajo en carbono. En este contexto, este trabajo tiene por objetivo identificar las estrategias de mitigación y adaptación más utilizadas en Perú, Bolivia, Colombia y Nicaragua, que contribuyan a generar una senda de crecimiento económico baja en emisiones de carbono.

Concordância verbal e variação: um estudo descritivo-comparativo do português brasileiro e do português europeu

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

As expedições da Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine e a Amazônia Brasileira

O artigo relata os primeiros anos de funcionamento da Escola de Medicina Tropical de Liverpool e as expedições enviadas para a Amazônia brasileira, para as Cidades de Belém e Manaus, descrevendo o que aconteceu com os pesquisadores envolvidos, Herbert Durhan, Walter Myers e Harold Wolferstan Thomas.

Division of labor between M and P visual pathways: different visual pathways minimize joint entropy differently

Visual perception and action are strongly linked with parallel processing channels connecting the retina, the lateral geniculate nucleus, and the input layers of the primary visual cortex. Achromatic vision is provided by at least two of such channels formed by the M and P neurons. These cell pathways are similarly organized in primates having different lifestyles, including species that are diurnal, nocturnal, and which exhibit a variety of color vision phenotypes. We describe the M and P cell properties by 3D Gábor functions and their 3D Fourier transform. The M and P cells occupy different loci in the Gábor information diagram or Fourier Space. This separation allows the M and P pathways to transmit visual signals with distinct 6D joint entropy for space, spatial frequency, time, and temporal frequency. By combining the M and P impacts on the cortical neurons beyond V1 input layers, the cortical pathways are able to process aspects of visual stimuli with a better precision than it would be possible using the M or P pathway alone. This performance fulfils the requirements of different behavioral tasks.

Relembrando a Estória de Kaspar Hauser

Com base na teoria piagetiana, enfocando as relações pensamento e linguagem, esse artigo tenta traçar um paralelo entre Kaspar Hauser – personagem do filme “Jeder für sich und Gott gegen alle” dirigido pelo cineasta alemão W. Herzog – e L. F., garoto cego de nascença, com 10 anos, que cresceu “abandonado”, entregue a seus próprios recursos e que só começou a freqüentar escola aos 8 anos de idade.

Stanley Lloyd Miller e a origem da vida: uma possibilidade para o estudo da natureza da ciência

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Variação e gramaticalização no uso de preposições em contextos de verbos de movimento no português brasileiro

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)