Tratamento do idoso com dor crônica

O material é componente do Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Pessoa Idosa da UNA-SUS/UFMA (Unidade 03, do módulo 07). Trata-se de um recurso educacional interativo que apresenta os medicamentos utilizados em casos de dor moderada ou intensa em idosos, bem como os efeitos colaterais e intervalos na administração.

Dor torácica cardíaca e não-cardíaca

Imagem apresentando a dor torácica cardíaca e não-cardíaca da Unidade III - Avaliação e Manejo Domiciliar da Dor Torácica do Módulo 15

Avaliação e manejo domiciliar da dor torácica

Material da unidade 3 "Avaliação e manejo domiciliar da Dor Torácica" que compõe o módulo 15 "Intercorrências Agudas no Domicílio II" do Programa Multicêntrico de Qualificação em Atenção Domiciliar a Distância . Apresenta informações acerca da administração de medicamentos, apontando os sintomas da dor torácica, as possíveis causas e as condutas mais indicadas.

Atividade física amiga do peito

A prática regular de exercícios físicos é comprovadamente capaz de contribuir na prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares, do câncer e de outras doenças crônicas. Envolver-se em atividades físicas, que promovam gasto energético acima do exigido pelas atividades da vida diária, traz muitos benefícios à saúde. O Sedentarismo é reconhecido pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como a quarta causa de morte em todo o mundo. Aumentar o tempo dedicado ao exercício traz maiores benefícios à saúde em geral, além de aumentar a sensação de bem-estar.

Segunda opinião formativa: que características clínicas devem ser pesquisadas frente a um paciente com dor torácica? Quais se associam à dor do tipo anginosa?

O paciente com dor torácica se sente não apenas incomodado com o sintoma, mas sobretudo alarmado com a possibilidade de uma doença cardíaca. Será tarefa de diferentes especialistas como clínicos, internistas, médicos da saúde da família, emergencistas e cardiologistas o esclarecimento da causa da dor através de perguntas simples, mas muitas vezes negligenciadas ou feitas de modo incompleto.

Plano de ação para sistematização e aprimoramento do atendimento aos pacientes portadores de dor crônica, assistidos pela equipe de saúde da família Vida Nova I

A dor é um grande problema de saúde pública, sendo uma das queixas mais comuns dos pacientes na atenção primária. Em sua forma crônica, constitui-se no Brasil como a principal causa de absenteísmo e diminuição dos níveis de produtividade. Assim, este trabalho objetiva desenvolver um plano de ação para sistematizar o atendimento aos pacientes portadores de dor crônica, buscando possibilitar melhor reabilitação física e psicossocial. O plano de ação seguirá as seguintes etapas: capacitação dos membros da ESF; identificação, busca ativa, triagem e avaliação da população alvo; formação do grupo terapêutico multiprofissional; reavaliação semestral da qualidade de vida e da intensidade da dor dos pacientes, utilizando questionário específico. Pretende-se proporcionar aos pacientes conhecimento sobre sua doença e subsidiar profissionais de saúde com capacitações, tornando o fluxo de acolhimento, triagem e tratamento dos pacientes mais efetivo, de forma a potencializar os benefícios da abordagem da dor crônica pela atenção primária.

Dor crônica na atenção primária - um problema de saúde pública

Este estudo teve como objetivo elaborar um plano de ação para sistematização e aprimoramento do atendimento de portadores de dor crônica por uma equipe multidisciplinar, possibilitando uma reabilitação psicossocial mais adequada. No diagnóstico situacional foi observado um elevado número de pessoas portadoras de dor crônica. Baseando-se neste problema foram selecionados os seguintes nós críticos: processo de trabalho inadequado da Estratégia Saúde da Família e ausência de terapias alternativas disponíveis pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Baseado nesses nós críticos foram propostas as seguintes ações de enfrentamento: criação do projeto "Menos dor, por favor", que visa otimizar a abordagem ao paciente portador de dor crônica de forma multidisciplinar e do projeto "Integralidade", que objetiva utilizar outras formas terapêuticas para auxiliar o tratamento medicamentoso da dor crônica.

Atenção domiciliar: caso clínico [dor abdominal]

Vídeo produzido com o GoAnimate! e que apresenta o paciente Seu João solicitando uma visita da equipe de atenção domiciliar com queixas de dores abdominais. O vídeo instiga a reflexão, a fim de solucionar o caso.

Endocytosis Of Tight Junctions Caveolin Nitrosylation Dependent Is Improved By Cocoa Via Opioid Receptor On Rpe Cells In Diabetic Conditions.

Retinal pigment epithelium cells, along with tight junction (TJ) proteins, constitute the outer blood retinal barrier (BRB). Contradictory findings suggest a role for the outer BRB in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the mechanisms involved in these alterations are sensitive to nitrosative stress, and if cocoa or epicatechin (EC) protects from this damage under diabetic (DM) milieu conditions. Cells of a human RPE line (ARPE-19) were exposed to high-glucose (HG) conditions for 24 hours in the presence or absence of cocoa powder containing 0.5% or 60.5% polyphenol (low-polyphenol cocoa [LPC] and high-polyphenol cocoa [HPC], respectively). Exposure to HG decreased claudin-1 and occludin TJ expressions and increased extracellular matrix accumulation (ECM), whereas levels of TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were upregulated, accompanied by increased nitric oxide levels. This nitrosative stress resulted in S-nitrosylation of caveolin-1 (CAV-1), which in turn increased CAV-1 traffic and its interactions with claudin-1 and occludin. This cascade was inhibited by treatment with HPC or EC through δ-opioid receptor (DOR) binding and stimulation, thereby decreasing TNF-α-induced iNOS upregulation and CAV-1 endocytosis. The TJ functions were restored, leading to prevention of paracellular permeability, restoration of resistance of the ARPE-19 monolayer, and decreased ECM accumulation. The detrimental effects on TJs in ARPE-19 cells exposed to DM milieu occur through a CAV-1 S-nitrosylation-dependent endocytosis mechanism. High-polyphenol cocoa or EC exerts protective effects through DOR stimulation.

[temporomandibular Disorders In Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Short-communication.]

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic painful syndrome and the coexistence of a painful condition caused by Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and FMS has been frequently raised for several studies, however, more likely hypothesis is that a set of FMS characteristics may lead to the onset of TMD symptoms and they are not merely coexisting conditions. Therefore, our aim is presenting a review of literature about the relation between fibromyalgia and the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. For this purpose, a bibliographic search was performed of the period of 1990-2013, in the Medline, Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo databases, using the keywords fibromyalgia, temporomandibular disorders and facial pain. Here we present a set of findings in the literature showing that fibromyalgia can lead to TMD symptoms. These studies demonstrated greater involvement of the stomatognathic system in FMS and myogenic disorders of masticatory system are the most commonly found in those patients. FMS appears to have a series of characteristics that constitute predisposing and triggering factors for TMD.

Orbital apex syndrome due to aspergillosis: case report

We report the case of a 73-year-old female who presented facial numbness and pain in the first division of the trigeminal nerve, ptosis, diplopia and visual loss on the right side for the previous four months. The neurological, radiological and histological examination demonstrated a rare case of invasive fungal aspergillosis of the central nervous system, causing orbital apex syndrome, later transformed in temporal brain abscess. She died ten months later due to respiratory and renal failure in spite of specific antimycotic therapy.

Tree structure and richness in an Atlantic Forest fragment: distance from anthropogenic and natural edges

Approximately 7.2% of the Atlantic rainforest remains in Brazil, with only 16% of this forest remaining in the State of Rio de Janeiro, all of it distributed in fragments. This forest fragmentation can produce biotic and abiotic differences between edges and the fragment interior. In this study, we compared the structure and richness of tree communities in three habitats - an anthropogenic edge (AE), a natural edge (NE) and the fragment interior (FI) - of a fragment of Atlantic forest in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22°50'S and 42°28'W). One thousand and seventy-six trees with a diameter at breast height > 4.8 cm, belonging to 132 morphospecies and 39 families, were sampled in a total study area of 0.75 ha. NE had the greatest basal area and the trees in this habitat had the greatest diameter:height allometric coefficient, whereas AE had a lower richness and greater variation in the height of the first tree branch. Tree density, diameter, height and the proportion of standing dead trees did not differ among the habitats. There was marked heterogeneity among replicates within each habitat. These results indicate that the forest interior and the fragment edges (natural or anthropogenic) do not differ markedly considering the studied parameters. Other factors, such as the age from the edge, type of matrix and proximity of gaps, may play a more important role in plant community structure than the proximity from edges.

Levantamento fitossociológico e caráter sucessional de um trecho de floresta secundária ciliar em Juquitiba, SP, Brasil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the horizontal and vertical structures of tree community in regeneration in a fragment of a secondary riparian forest at approximately 30 years of age and to identify the most abundant species in each fragment of the forest to determine the sucessional stage. An area of 800 m² was subdivided into 16 samples of 10 x 5 m and all individuals with DBH ≥ 1 cm were sampled and identified for the following analyzes: horizontal parameters (DR, FR, DoR, IVC and IVI), vertical parameters (PSR and RNR) and mixed parameters, from of value of increased importance index (IVIa). The survey measured 689 individuals, belonging to 38 families, 74 genus and 109 species. The total density was 8,614 individuals/ha. The index of Shannon´s diversity was 3.99 and the index of Pielou´s equability was 0.85. Tibouchina pulchra, Psychotria suterella and Endlicheria paniculata obtained high values of IVIa. Guarea macrophylla, Gomidesia anacardiaefolia, Xylopia langsdorffiana and Endlicheria paniculata achieved high values of RNT, indicating adequate natural regeneration in the plot. The initial secondary and umbrophylous species showed the highest ecological importance in this fragment of the forest, with the highest values of sociologic position and importance index. Furthermore, the presence of late secondary species in all layers suggest that the studied fragment is in intermediate succession degree.

Saúde dos adolescentes: um estudo de base populacional em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil

We estimated the prevalence of chronic diseases and other health problems reported by adolescents in relation to social and demographic variables and nutritional status. This cross-sectional population-based survey analyzed data from the Health Survey in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, 2008. We used descriptive statistics and associations between variables with the chisquare test. Prevalence of chronic diseases among adolescents was 19.17%, with asthma showing the highest prevalence (7.59%), followed by heart disease (1.96%), hypertension (1.07%), and diabetes 0.21%. Prevalence rates were 61.53% for health problems, 40.39% for allergy, and 24.83% for frequent headache or migraine. After multivariate analysis using Poisson regression, the factors associated with chronic disease were age 15 to 19 years (PR = 1.38), not attending school (PR = 1.46), having children (PR = 1.84), and obesity (PR = 1.54). Female gender (PR = 1.12) was statistically associated with health problems. The study illustrates that adolescence is a life stage in which chronic disease and health problems can occur.

Flora arbustivo-arbórea do fragmento de floresta estacional semidecidual do Ribeirão Cachoeira, município de Campinas, SP

An inventory of the woody flora (trees and shrubs), was carried out in the Ribeirão Cachoeria forest (233.7ha, 650m high, 46°55'58''W, 22°50'13''S), the second largest and best conserved fragment of semideciduous tropical forest in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo state, Southeastern Brazil. The soil is a red-yellow podsol and the climate is of Köppen's Cwag type. Collections were made from August/1996 to September/1997. Only fertile individuals with a perimeter at breast height of 9cm or greater were included in the survey. One hyndred and seventhy five species were identified, belonging to 119 genera and 49 families. The most important families were Myrtaceae (14 species), Rutaceae and Fabaceae (13), Caesalpiniaceae (11), Solanaceae (9), and Rubiaceae (8). Some species were found for the first time in the region: Tachigali multijuga Benth. and Schoepfia brasiliensis A.DC. The flowering peak for most species was from August to October. Maximum fruit production was from August to November. Most species are zoochoric (58%), but 23% were anemochoric and 19% autochoric. The floristic composition of this forest and another 20 forests from São Paulo state were compared. The results obtained indicate the existence of distinct groups of forests. The most homogeneus group contains forests from the municipality of Campinas with similarity of 40%. This suggests that these forests are possibly fragments of a original continuous forest in the Campinas region.