SAÚDE MENTAL EM SALA DE AULA: A PERCEPÇÃO DE PROFESSORES UNIVERSITÁRIOS

A presente dissertação de mestrado aborda a percepção de professores universitários a respeito da Saúde Mental no contexto da sala de aula. O objetivo geral do trabalho é compreender como o professor universitário percebe e lida com a sua saúde mental e a dos seus alunos em sala de aula. O autor utiliza as entrevistas de um total de 11 professores de primeiro e segundo semestres dos cursos de fisioterapia, jornalismo e sistemas de informação da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo - UMESP. Com base no método da Ground Theory, são realizadas as codificações aberta, axial e seletiva dos dados que por final são agrupados em nove categorias, sendo essas: percepção da saúde mental dos professores; percepção da saúde mental dos alunos; manejo da saúde mental do professor; manejo da saúde mental dos alunos; conceito de saúde; conceito de promoção da saúde; contextos promotores da saúde; contextos não promotores da saúde e manejo de alunos geradores de desconforto. O fenômeno central levantado a partir dos dados observado indica uma prática solitária, onde o professor considera apenas seus recursos psicológicos, seus valores e crenças pessoais como instrumentos para lidar com as adversidades emergentes em sala de aula. Observase também uma super valorização da aula expositiva e da cultura do dar aula, práticas que não estimulam uma participação mais democrática, autônoma e ativa por parte dos alunos. Nesse ambiente, o aluno surge como o maior problema à prática docente, na medida em que com sua imaturidade e conflitos inerentes a adolescência não permite que o professor transmita os conteúdos planejados sendo este motivo de frustrações e desmotivação no trabalho. A falta de um espaço institucional onde os professores possam trocar experiências, expor suas angústias e buscar apoio psicológico denuncia o distanciamento dos docentes das demais instâncias da instituição. A sala de aula também não é entendida pelos docentes como um espaço possível para a promoção da saúde, sendo esta compreendida mais como uma disciplina do que um conjunto de ações e práticas passíveis de serem aplicadas e incentivadas em sala de aula.(AU)

Vulnerabilidade socioambiental no bairro de Mãe Luíza, Natal – RN/Brasil

This work has as object the elaboration of social environmental indicator of disaster risk that are present in precarious areas of human occupation, related to intense environmental dynamic from the perspective of the studies about the subject in Geography. The District of Mãe Luiza in Natal, capital city of Rio Grande do Norte, was defined as the study area. The place was chosen because it presents –historically- several vulnerability conditions and exposure to disaster risk. After a local social environmental description, two indexes were elaborated: the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI or IVS in Portuguese), based on 17 (seventeen) variables arranged on a questionnaire addressed to the population nucleus of the district, on regular grid (systematic sampling), classified into 5 (five) levels of SV from the weighted average; and the Physical and Natural Exposure to the Mass Movements Index (EMMI or IEMM in Portuguese) which had 16 (sixteen) variables that feature conditions of exposure to the mass movements in the district with classified levels from the weighted average of 1 (one) to 5 (five). The relationship between these two results, specialized in the district map, produced the Social Environmental Vulnerability Index (SEVI or IVSA in Portuguese) of Mãe Luiza, also classified into 5 (five) levels, following the Boolean logic correlation for cartographic overlay with use of computer software ArcGIS v.9.3, being named as: Very Low; low; average; high; and Very High Environmental Vulnerability in District. The study is based on the methodology proposed by Guerra et al (2009) for EMMI and by Almeida (2010) for SVI. They were modified and adapted according to the local reality, producing a new methodology in this study area. It was concluded that the neighborhood has most of its area with High and Very High Socio-environmental vulnerability to disasters, defined seven (7) critical areas, with Very High IVSA, and hazards associated with mass movements or flooding. In the end, the main issues that were found, such as generating elements for proposing mitigation measures and/or the proposed interventions were enumerated, related to structural order of vulnerability factors: how low constructive pattern of households; poor urban drainage; Real Estate forsaken in landslide routes; infrastructure ready access roads and slope containment. And social: as a lack of education about environmental risk; income and education of residents; presence of persons with limited mobility and/or those with special needs. This reality highlights the need for urgent action applied to the resolution and/or reduction of these problems, which is focusing the end of this work.

Análise experimental de danos em pistões de motor à gasolina operando com adição de gás hidróxi

The addition of hydrogen gas as an alternative fuel source has been widely used, as well reported in scientific literature. Today, several experiments are underway for the use of hydrogen generators (electrolysers) demand for motor vehicles. In all these products their ads manufacturers claim that this provides a reduction of fuel consumption, reduces the emission levels of toxic gas by the discharge and improves engine life. This research analyzes the physical structure of engine components using electrolysis on demand. To this end, a stationary system was fitted with a power generator of electricity, drum roller and adapted two electrolyzers: a dry cell and wet cell other. In steps observation were consumption analyzes in four work load ranges and observing the piston engine, which has been cut and analyzed by Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy and Dispersive Energy (SEM-EDS), X – Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Confocal Microscopy, the stationary system in each step. The results showed a considerable reduction in fuel consumption and a high corrosion in the original factory piston constituted of aluminum-silicon alloy. As corrosion barrier was made a plasma nitriding in the piston head, which proved resistant to attack by hydrogen, although it has presented evidence also, of having been attacked. It is concluded that the automotive electrolysers can be a good choice in terms of consumption and reducing toxic gas emissions, but the material of the combustion chambers of vehicles must be prepared for this purpose.

Controle em modo dual adaptativo robusto aplicado a um sistema de geração de energia elétrica

Synchronous machines, widely used in energy generation systems, require constant voltage and frequency to obtain good quality of energy. However, for large load variati- ons, it is difficult to maintain outputs on nominal values due to parametric uncertainties, nonlinearities and coupling among variables. Then, we propose to apply the Dual Mode Adaptive Robust Controller (DMARC) in the field flux control loop, replacing the tradi- tional PI controller. The DMARC links a Model Reference Adaptive Controller (MRAC) and a Variable Structure Model Reference Adaptive Controller (VS-MRAC), incorpora- ting transient performance advantages from VS-MRAC and steady state properties from MRAC. Moreover, simulation results are included to corroborate the theoretical studies.

Proteção em sistemas elétricos com geração distribuída utilizando a transformada wavelet

A typical electrical power system is characterized by centr alization of power gene- ration. However, with the restructuring of the electric sys tem, this topology is changing with the insertion of generators in parallel with the distri bution system (distributed gene- ration) that provides several benefits to be located near to e nergy consumers. Therefore, the integration of distributed generators, especially fro m renewable sources in the Brazi- lian system has been common every year. However, this new sys tem topology may result in new challenges in the field of the power system control, ope ration, and protection. One of the main problems related to the distributed generati on is the islanding formation, witch can result in safety risk to the people and to the power g rid. Among the several islanding protection techniques, passive techniques have low implementation cost and simplicity, requiring only voltage and current measuremen ts to detect system problems. This paper proposes a protection system based on the wavelet transform with overcur- rent and under/overvoltage functions as well as infomation of fault-induced transients in order to provide a fast detection and identification of fault s in the system. The propo- sed protection scheme was evaluated through simulation and experimental studies, with performance similar to the overcurrent and under/overvolt age conventional methods, but with the additional detection of the exact moment of the fault.

Topologia de gerador de distúrbios elétricos baseada em conversores de potência

Electrical disturbances such as voltage sags, interruptions and voltage unbalances might cause serious problems for the end-user and for the companies of generation and transmission of energy. Few years ago, those companies have been using methods and equipments of protection to avoid the disturbances’ presence or to mitigate their effects on the power system. Disturbances generators are used to analyse the behavior of electrical and electronic equipments affected by disturbances. The analysis of those failures allows the development of appropriated protection equipments. In this paper, the development of a disturbances generator based on power converters is presented. The disturbance generator developed is able to generate some symmetrical disturbances, such as: voltage sags, voltage swells and harmonic distortion. The control strategy used in the disturbance generator is based on discrete and repetitive control. The steps of the design of the control and of the filter used for reducing harmonic in the output, are detailed in the text. Are presented the obtained results on computational simulations and the obtained results on laboratory tests.

Avaliação da potencialidade de incorporação de um lodo de uma indústria de produtos de limpeza como adição mineral em concretos de cimento Portland

The generation of industrial wastes has been increased more and more in recent decades, motivating studies about a correct sustainable allocation and that also represents advantages for their generators. In this context, are included two companies of cleaning products niche, located in São José do Mipibu/RN, that produces industrial sludge at a sewage treatment plant, and that is the main approach of this research. Given this, it was studied the incorporation potentiality of this sludge as a mineral addition in cement matrix for concrete production due it high capacity of wastes immobilization inside this material, which are subsequently used in the company for making precast articles. Were added different sludge concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20%) in a common trait (1: 2: 3), and evaluated their techniques and microstructural implications via workability test in fresh state and compressive strength, full porosity and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in the hardened state. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the process both from a technical and environmental view as economical. All concretes produced with residue showed an increase of workability given the nature of the waste that had surfactants substances capable of adsorbing tiny particles of air into the batter. However, for all concentrations were obtained lower compressive resistances than standard concrete, with a reduction of 39% for samples with 20% of sludge. This are attributed mainly to an increase of porosity in the transition zone of these material, resulting from increased formation of ettringite at the detriment to the formation of other compounds, but which still allows the use of these for the manufacture of concrete articles with non-structural nature, such as precast floor. In addition, the water absorption and void ratio increased slightly for all samples, except the concrete with 20% of waste that has a reduction for the last parameter. Given this context, the recommended maximum level is 20%, constituting a significant proportion and able to allocate sustainably all waste generated in the industry.

Obtenção e caracterização de um compósito de matriz polimérica com carga de resíduos vegetal proveniente do sabugo de milho

The feasibility of using the corn cob to obtain a polymer matrix composite was studied. To obtain the bran, corncob passed the drying process in a solar dryer, and was subsequently triturated in forage and to obtain the different particle sizes, by sieving. Three different grain sizes were used: fine particles (FP) size between 0,10 and 2mm; sized particles (PM) with sizes between 2,10 and 3,35 mm; large particles (PG) sizes between 3,45 and 4,10 mm. Using 20% of residue relative to the resin, the test samples were constructed for characterization of the composite, taking into account thermal and mechanical parameters. The main advantage of the proposed composite is that it has a low density, below the relative resin, about 1.06 kg / m³ for the PG. The composite showed a mechanical behavior less than of the resin to the grain sizes and for all formulations studied. Showed better results for the bending, reaching 25.3 MPa for the PG. The composite also showed be feasible for thermal applications, with thermal conductivity less than 0.21 W / m, ranking as insulation. In terms of homogeneity of the mixture, the most viable grain size is the PF, which also showed improved aesthetics and better processability. This composite can be used to make structures that do not require significant mechanical strength, such as tables, chairs, planks, and solar and wind prototypes, such as ovens and cookers and turbines blades.

Obtenção e caracterização de um compósito de matriz polimérica com carga de resíduos vegetal proveniente do sabugo de milho

The feasibility of using the corn cob to obtain a polymer matrix composite was studied. To obtain the bran, corncob passed the drying process in a solar dryer, and was subsequently triturated in forage and to obtain the different particle sizes, by sieving. Three different grain sizes were used: fine particles (FP) size between 0,10 and 2mm; sized particles (PM) with sizes between 2,10 and 3,35 mm; large particles (PG) sizes between 3,45 and 4,10 mm. Using 20% of residue relative to the resin, the test samples were constructed for characterization of the composite, taking into account thermal and mechanical parameters. The main advantage of the proposed composite is that it has a low density, below the relative resin, about 1.06 kg / m³ for the PG. The composite showed a mechanical behavior less than of the resin to the grain sizes and for all formulations studied. Showed better results for the bending, reaching 25.3 MPa for the PG. The composite also showed be feasible for thermal applications, with thermal conductivity less than 0.21 W / m, ranking as insulation. In terms of homogeneity of the mixture, the most viable grain size is the PF, which also showed improved aesthetics and better processability. This composite can be used to make structures that do not require significant mechanical strength, such as tables, chairs, planks, and solar and wind prototypes, such as ovens and cookers and turbines blades.

Modelagem e análise dinâmica de um sistema de conversão de energia eólica dotado de gerador síncrono de imã permanente utilizando a plataforma ATP

Human development requires a broad balance between ecological, social and economic factors in order to ensure its own sustainability. In this sense, the search for new sources of energy generation, with low deployment and operation costs, which cause the least possible impact to the environment, has been the focus of attention of all society segments. To do so, the reduction in exploration of fossil fuels and the encouragement of using renewable energy resources for distributed generation have proved interesting alternatives to the expansion of the energy matrix of various countries in the world. In this sense, the wind energy has acquired an increasingly significant role, presenting increasing rates of power grid penetration and highlighting technological innovations such as the use of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG). In Brazil, this fact has also been noted and, as a result, the impact of the inclusion of this source in the distribution and sub-transmission power grid has been a major concern of utilities and agents connected to Brazilian electrical sector. Thus, it is relevant the development of appropriate computational tools that allow detailed predictive studies about the dynamic behavior of wind farms, either operating with isolated load, either connected to the main grid, taking also into account the implementation of control strategies for active/reactive power generation and the keeping of adequate levels of voltage and frequency. This work fits in this context since it comprises mathematical and computational developments of a complete wind energy conversion system (WECS) endowed with PMSG using time domain techniques of Alternative Transients Program (ATP), which prides itself a recognized reputation by scientific and academic communities as well as by electricity professionals in Brazil and elsewhere. The modeling procedures performed allowed the elaboration of blocks representing each of the elements of a real WECS, comprising the primary source (the wind), the wind turbine, the PMSG, the frequency converter, the step up transformer, the load composition and the power grid equivalent. Special attention is also given to the implementation of wind turbine control techniques, mainly the pitch control responsible for keeping the generator under the maximum power operation point, and the vector theory that aims at adjusting the active/reactive power flow between the wind turbine and the power grid. Several simulations are performed to investigate the dynamic behavior of the wind farm when subjected to different operating conditions and/or on the occurrence of wind intensity variations. The results have shown the effectiveness of both mathematical and computational modeling developed for the wind turbine and the associated controls.

DJs, remixes e samples: inovação, memória e identidades na linguagem híbrida da música nas mídias

Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Comunicação

Atuação das equipes da atenção primária na identificação precoce do câncer infanto-juvenil

Identificar o conhecimento de profissionais da atenção primária sobre a identificação precoce do câncer infanto-juvenil e descrever o desempenho das equipes de saúde antes da realização de treinamentos para identificação precoce do câncer infanto-juvenil. Método: Os dados foram obtidos por um questionário e grupo focal com 30 profissionais de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família, e analisados por temas geradores. Resultados: Os profissionais possuem conhecimentos sobre a identificação do câncer infanto-juvenil, e, demandam conhecer mais sobre os sinais e sintomas para identificação precoce, e a prestação de uma assistência sistematizada. Conclusão: Torna-se fundamental estimular a qualificação dos profissionais da atenção primária para a identificação precoce e o fortalecimento de uma rede de assistência que proporcione atendimento integral e a redução no retardo do diagnóstico de câncer infanto-juvenil

Pasos para implementar un servicio a domicilio. Servicio a domicilio para las pequeñas empresas en el sector de comidas rápidas

El servicio a domicilio es una herramienta fundamental en el posicionamiento de las empresas toda vez que este canal permite llegar de una manera diferente a la que normalmente se hace en el punto de compra y como resultado se establecen vínculos diferenciales con el cliente. El servicio a domicilio es un proceso mediante el cual, se acercan los productos o servicios ofrecidos por la empresa hasta el lugar donde se encuentra el cliente, permitiendo que este disfrute de dichos productos sin tener que hacer desplazamientos hasta el punto de compra. Es por esta razón que muchas empresas de comidas rápidas ven en este canal una oportunidad más para incrementar sus ventas, pero a la hora de incorporarlo a su oferta, es necesario tener en cuenta una cantidad de variables que hacen que no sea un proceso sencillo de implementar y se tenga que recurrir a personas expertas en el tema para desarrollarlo o lo implementan de una manera deficiente. Con este trabajo se pretende brindar a aquellas empresas de comidas rápidas que quieran desarrollar este canal de ventas, un manual con el paso a paso de como se debe hacer la implementación de dicho canal, contemplando aquellas variables que permiten prestar un servicio a domicilio de manera exitosa.

A avaliação dos estilos de aprendizagem dos enfermeiros nos contextos de trabalho: um trilho para a construção de um instrumento

Os contextos clínicos são considerados, não só como geradores de cuidados, mas como espaços formativos de eleição, essenciais para o desenvolvimento profissional dos enfermeiros. Uma forma de melhorar a sua aprendizagem é torná-los conscientes dos seus estilos de aprendizagem. De forma a contribuir para construção futura de um instrumento, partindo da definição de estilos de aprendizagem de Berings (2006), procurou-se identificar as atividades de aprendizagem dos enfermeiros nos contextos de trabalho nos domínios da enfermagem definidos por Benner (2001). Foi desenvolvido um estudo multi-caso em 4 (quatro) serviços de um Centro Hospitalar em Coimbra. A colheita de dados envolveu um questionário de caracterização sóciodemográfica e profissional; entrevistas informais e 4 (quatro) grupos focais com um total de 19 (dezanove) participantes. Foram identificadas dezoito atividades de aprendizagem que se agrupam em três categorias (Walden & Bryan,2011): Aprendizagens através de processos colaborativos; aprendizagens através da execução do trabalho e aprendizagens através de fontes de conhecimento. As atividades de aprendizagem são, sobretudo, atividades expostas, passíveis de serem observadas. A única atividade mental é a reflexão. A aprendizagem pelo questionamento é transversal a todos os domínios de Benner. Outras atividades surgem apenas num domínio e há domínios que têm cerca de dez atividades. O conhecimento destas atividades poderá tornar as instituições mais despertas para as aprendizagens desenvolvidas pelos enfermeiros e servir de base para a construção de um instrumento de modo a avaliar os estilos de aprendizagem dos enfermeiros nos contextos de trabalho.

Circunstâncias globais e tendências recentes no espaço editorial do livro universitário português

Analisa-se um conjunto de dinâmicas presentes no mercado editorial atual do livro universitário em Portugal. Apesar do atraso português na área da edição universitária, sobretudo por comparação com outros países como o Brasil, têm-se revelado, embora de modo heterogéneo, traços claros de mudança. Um número crescente de editoras universitárias portuguesas demonstra vontade de se vincular de forma efetiva aos canais geradores de conhecimento, dentro e fora das instituições a que pertencem. Esta vaga modernizadora, porém, não parece ainda ter conseguido resolver alguns problemas. Neste cenário, o setor da edição académica e científica em Portugal continua em boa medida a depender, em termos de circulação e visibilidade, de editoras não universitárias, principalmente no campo das ciências sociais e humanas.