Da proteção à precarização um estudo do fenômeno jurídico trabalhista no contexto das transformações do capitalismo

This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of the legal labor phenomenon in contemporary capitalism as rectifier element of the contradictions between capital and labor. From the analysis of legislative developments - state and business - and court decisions related to the category of freight transport is expected to determine the protectionist stiffness proclaimed by the institutional structure of labor in Brazil, considered by the hegemonic discourse as political-economic factor that prevents growth. It is intended to unravel the relationships between political and civil society, studying the internal contradictions and ideological influence among these spaces, with theoretical support in Marx and Gramsci. The function of this research is to test the premise that the protectionist discourse is a rational action of capitalism and the organic intellectuals of political society in order to achieve hegemony and hide the real contradictions between capital and labor, in addition to also assist in the discussion on deregulation and easing in Brazil. The analysis points to the confirmation of our premise, since the evolution of the legal phenomenon in the transport sector was charging toward the neoliberal project

A capoeira e os mestres

The Capoeira considered as a manifestation of the Popular Culture - inheritance of African peoples - is a cultural and social practice present in Brazil since the colonial time. This study is dedicated to the Capoeira and its masters. We work the Capoeira as a social field through the theoretical perspective of the Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. We try to apprehend the social construction of the master, the legitimacy of his knowledge, the disputes and the representations that they ve elaborated over the space which was redefined for material and symbolic changes that occurred with the Capoeira through the last decades. The operating notions of social field, habitus, capital and tradition had been pertinent to think the power games , the social relations and the symbolic plots in the Field of Capoeira. From the methodological standpoint, although the interviews with the masters and the direct observation have had a special place in the research, other strategies had been used: researches in newspapers, thematic magazines and periodic, musical compositions and academic works. The performance of the masters in the process of reinvention of traditions has redefined their social place in relation to the previous generations. These are perceived as social actors responsible for the maintenance, dynamicity, affirmation, spreading and expansion of the capoeirístic practice

A noção de acontecimento na experiência do DOCTV RN IV Sangue do Barro

This dissertation presents a reflection upon the notion of event, inspired by the contributions of Edgar Morin to the thinking of the present. The research analysis this notion particularly from the experience of the documentary titled Sangue do Barro, which was the winner of the 4th edition of DOCTV, in the federal state of Rio Grande do Norte in 2008. The study focuses on how facts from daily life can be approached by the documentary making process, and how in this process the questioning of facts leads to the questioning of social realities. In this perspective, through the illustrative case of Sangue do Barro, the research develops the hypothesis of how in the documentary process, which aims at revealing a particular history, is the revealing of the particular able to reflect the universal. The dissertation thus assumes this situation as precisely the configuration of the sociology of present, proposed by Edgar Morin. Furthermore, along with the theoretical premises of the sociology of the present, the research performs a brief historical analysis of documentary practices, Brazilian audiovisual public policies, and it also discusses the technical contributions of several contemporary film makers and contemporary thinkers, such as Jean Rouch, Bill Nichols, Ismail Xavier, Consuelo Lins, Gilles Lipovetsky, Jean Serroy, Michel Foucault, Alfredo Pena-Vega, Nicole Lapierre, etc

Uma avaliação política da política de avaliação da educação superior brasileira

We had as the problem of analysis in this research: what are the assumptions, principles and general content that based the Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (SINAES). We started from the hypothesis that the general content of SINAES is essentially based on the assumptions and principles of a control/regulatory perspective of evaluation and a summative epistemology, objectivist and quantitativist, constituted by members who prioritize testing and classification of courses and institutions based on market values. The overall goal was to make a political evaluation of SINAES and the specific objectives were: a) apply the concepts of politics evaluation and meta-evaluation, b) identify the role of international organizations in education reform in the 1990s and its impact on superior education in Brazil c) redeem the concept of evaluation, especially in the field of studies in education; and d) investigate the evaluation policies of Brazilian superior education leading to SINAES. As for the technical procedures for collecting and analyzing data, the research was made with bibliography and documents, considering that it was developed by bibliographic sources and official publications. It was developed by crossing sources: texts or documents remitted to others; it was also concentrated: on the role of international organizations in educational and State reforms (in the 1990s); on the policies of evaluation of the Brazilian superior education (1980s and 1990s); on the proposal of the Comissão Especial de Avaliação (CEA); on the Law No. 10.861/2004; on the documents of CONAES; on the Decree No. 5.773/2006, and the MEC Regulatory Ordinances No. 4/2008 and No. 12/2008. It did not stop in the so called purely technical aspects, but in the ideological field itself. The research found that international organizations, notably the World Bank, played a political, intellectual and financial role determinant to the field of education, a fact that reflects in the legal framework. It was also found that the politics of evaluation of the superior education is historically marked by conflict, represented by two distinct perspectives of different natures and emphases. On one hand, the focus is on control / regulation, favoring efficiency, productivity and competitiveness benchmarking and prioritizing the punctual performance and measurement. On the other, it seeks to transform academic perspective in primarily formative / emancipatory, in order to support more institutional improvement. It was concluded that the CEA presented a conception evaluation predominantly formative and emancipatory, which emphasized the idea of system, centered around the institution and repudiated the rankings practices. In the post-formulation period, however, some of its principles were fragmenting and, gradually, the institution was giving way to the courses and the Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes (ENADE) grew in prominence. With the creation of the Conceito Preliminar de Cursos superiores (CPC) and of the Índice Geral de Cursos da Instituição de Educação Superior (IGC), it was redemeed the practice of evaluation as measurement and control, under the principles of efficiency and productivity. So, SINAES that seemed like a progressive evaluation method has assumed a setting that close resembles the Exame Nacional de Cursos (ENC-Provão). Nevertheless, the survival of institutional formative evaluation, in the superior education evaluation policies, still an issue in dispute

Extensão universitária e formação cidadã: a UFRN e a UFBA em ação

Se parte de la comprensión de Universidad como un campo científico que permite elecciones, conflictos y luchas internas y externas, en sus dimensiones históricas y temporales, proponiéndose comprenderla en su naturaleza institucional. Históricamente, la universidad viene respondiendo a demandas de la sociedad, configurándose en momentos de crisis de institucionalidad, de hegemonía y de legitimidad. Tales crisis profundizase en el contexto de la globalización hegemónica, pero, al lado de esta, emergen experiencias en el campo de la globalización alternativa. De ello adviene los siguientes desafíos: considerados en este trabajo como cuestiones a contestar: ¿cómo la Universidad pública brasileña podrá actuar en una perspectiva de formación ciudadana, interagiendo con la sociedad en la cual está inserida? ¿Cómo poderemos vislumbrar caminos alternativos para la universidad enfrentar desafíos y para conquistar a su legitimidad? Se discute la extensión universitaria como una de las alternativas para que tales universidades enfrenten sus crisis y desafíos, a la medida en que posibilita el diálogo con la sociedad en su entorno, promoviendo la formación ciudadana. Se tiene como objetivo comprender e interpretar la extensión universitaria en su práctica efectiva en las comunidades en las que las experiencias fueron desarrolladas, analizándose dos prácticas de extensión universitaria en la Universidad Federal del Rio Grande do Norte y en la Universidad Federal de Bahia, a través de la interpretación de la participación de profesores, alumnos y comunidad en dos programas: Saúde e Cidadania (SACI/UFRN), y Atividade Curricular em Comunidade (ACC/UFBA), en el período de 2001 a 2005. Se busca en el diálogo con los participantes envueltos, conocer las experiencias y como estas contribuyen para la compresión de universidad con sus funciones direccionadas para la formación ciudadana. Como procedimientos metodológicos, se hace un análisis de la documentación de las experiencias, complementadas por entrevistas sémi-estructuradas, envolviendo 51 sujetos en los dos programas, para aprehender a la historia y comprender la participación de los alumnos, profesores e integrantes de las comunidades, en Natal/RN y Salvador/BA. Para presentación de las voces de los participantes, se cría diálogos temáticos, mapeando expresiones que surgieron en el habla de los Pro- Rectores de Extensión y Pro-Rector de Graduación, alumnos, profesores y participantes de las comunidades envueltas, identificándolas en movimientos creativos y llenos de significados, entre ellas: vivencia y acción; interacción y diálogo; identidad y práctica solidaria; generosidad y responsabilidad; ciudadanía y condición humana; saber contextual y crítico. Estas prácticas y sentimientos traducen bien la participación de los sujetos envueltos, dialogando sobre la compresión de Universidad y extensión universitaria direccionada para la formación ciudadana. Se concluye que estas experiencias contribuyen para pensar una Universidad actuante, dialogando con los intereses de la comunidad, sin perder su autonomía, formando profesionales responsables, solidarios y ciudadanos, actuando en la construcción de un conocimiento que pueda contribuir en la superación de la crisis de legitimidad desarrollando experiencias inseridas en la globalización alternativa, contra-hegemónica, ya que contemplan acciones para la superación de las desigualdades sociales, en la lucha por la emancipación social de los sujetos participantes

Ethopoiésis e Heavy Metal: Subjetivação e consumo na cena de Natal-RN

Our research intends to comprehend the configuration of the resistance (Foucault) as the stylization of life in the contemporary world, taking Heavy Metal as the specific object of study. We believe that Heavy Metal is an ethopoietical device which admits practices of freedom withstanding the reified moral habits since the beginning of the socialization. This is reflected, mainly, in the creation of new individual and communal ways to stylize the life. We also suggest an expansion of Foucault s concept of resistance, considering the idea of consumer society described by Zygmunt Bauman. Our hypothesis understands that the contact with the underground of Heavy Metal provides new ethical manners (Foucault), where the individual take the Heavy Metal as a way of life. At this point, the consumption becomes a key-word since the participation in the underground of Heavy Metal is a way of consumption out of the rules of marketing a practice of freedom, a way of particular existence , being different in both mode and duration

Da Barra do Rio aos parrachos: duas realidades sociorganizacionais no litoral Norteriograndense

Observing that social capital is considered crucial for the consolidation of an association, this paper analyzes how different groups associative absorb the concept of membership and how to manage routing in their actions to the social interest. The research aimed to evaluate two central forms of association, based on the concept of Pierre Bourdieu (1980) on social capital, stressing that its distribution and perception are uneven and depends on the ability of ownership of different social groups. Accordingly, took up two organizations community based one in - Barra do Rio and another in Maracajaú - whose main activity is the exploitation in the coastal tourist norteriograndense. Once processed the data, it became clear that, despite the purpose for the association has been motivated by exploration in both organizations, each differently appropriates its capital. While one maintains a feelings of togetherness, trust and satisfaction of group work, the other one, feelings are stifled by individualism, mistrust among their members that although they see the association as something important for the growth and strengthening of the group, working individually

Mercado de trabalho, ocupações e rendimentos: a Região Metropolitana de Natal na década de 1990

The aim of this study is the labour market at Natal Metropolitan Region with emphasis in occupations and incomes that took place at the nineties. The definition of its chronological boundaries passed by verification of existence of evident socio-spatial impacts for output, occupation and income in national economy, with rebounds in all national territory, conditioned by institutional and socio-economical transformations which marked Brazilian insertion to capital flows and commodities globalization movement that took place at the cited decade. It has been shown that such impacts did not distributed themselves equally between diverse spatial levels (great regions, federate unities, municipalities) because of historical specificities in each place in terms of output structures and organization of distinct social agents. Having as its basis the Marxist perspective, it tackled theoretically occupations and incomes, transformations in labour universe occurred at world level, mainly in most urbanized areas, and following that to focus changes occurred in Brazilian society related to the search for competitive insertion in global economy during the period regarded. Special attention was gave to Natal Metropolitan Region, because it was historically a concentration area for investments, productive structure, people, occupations and incomes generated/appropriated in Rio Grande do Norte State. The basic data sources for research were the demographic Census (micro data) made by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) intending to present the structure and the labour market dynamics, having as basis: 1) traditional indicators about labour market; 2) sectors of economic activities and 3) social positions and classes segments. One of the purposes is the demonstration that occupations and incomes keep relation with the restructuring which occurred in each specific sector during the period. Other purpose is to make explicit the factors which bear the participation of distinct segments in production or service execution that make possible the different participation in income distribution. Results are revealing the increasin precariousness in labour market, enlargement of occupations in tertiary sector and greater concentration of average incomes in the social segments which were owners of the greatest capital allowances between residents in Natal Metropolitan Region during the nineties

Da política no vídeo à videopolítica: um estudo hermenêutico do programa Jornal do Dia (Natal/RN)

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo realizar un estudio sobre el noticiero "Jornal do Dia" de la TV Ponta Negra, afiliada a la cadena de televisión SBT con sede en Natal / Rio Grande do Norte. El estudio evalúa, desde una perspectiva crítica, el comportamiento de la sección política de ese noticiero sobre la cobertura que ha estado haciendo sobre los acontecimientos políticos en el estado. Específicamente, estamos interesados en conocer, a través del estudio detallado de sus noticias, como los "hechos políticos" del Estado, entendida como una práctica política que se informó, se presentan en su noticiero. Del punto de vista metodológico, la investigación se toma la decisión de utilizar la hermenéutica de profundidad (HP) como propuesto por Thompson (2007) en su libro "La ideología y la cultura moderna". Sugerimosla HP porque es una referencial de alta eficacia analítica para el estudio de los medios de comunicación y en particularde la ideología. De este modo, como se versade una investigación sobre las "formas simbólicas" creemos que estamos en posesión de una importante herramienta metodológica capaz de permitir la comprensión e interpretación de las noticias diariamente "teleplasmadas"

Constituição, consolidação e ocaso do capital político: uma compreensão sociológica da "Era Tasso" no Ceará

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Luz e sombra: uma interpretação de suas significações imaginárias nas imagens do cinema expressionista alemão e do cinema noir americano

The present investigation proposes an approach of light and shadow and their imaginary significations in the images of both German expressionist movie and the American noir movie, whose aesthetic experience is expressed through a contrasting bright/dark photography, loaded with symbolism. The interpretation of the imaginary significations of this imagistic material is based on Gilbert Durand´s imaginary anthropological theories that deal with a myriad of symbols gathered according to their semantic isomorphism and linked to more general structures named as Daily and nightly Image Regime . There come to gravitate, around such regimes, symbols attached to division and purification, ascensional and spectacular, with imaginary significations homological to Light and Good, and symbols associated to night, fall and animalism, isomorphic of Shadow and Evil

Facebook: o Dionisíaco em uma modulação da forma social

This paper is about the form of social modulation, The Facebook. The social order is the form that all parties. The modulations (there are several) are aspects of social order and therefore capable formant. The Facebook, then, is searched as a Dionysian aspects of the social form that appears with cyberculture and the mass consumption. Thus, it is to display the attitude of Dionysian that consume otherness and give up the KEYWORDS: social form, modulation, Dionysian, cyberculture, Facebook consumption on Facebook

O processo de construção do problema da pobreza no Brasil

This text aims to undertake an analysis of the process of building the "problem of poverty" in Brazil. From a sociological approach on discourses and interpretations of poverty present in literary intellectuals representatives of some of the classics of Brazilian social thought, as well as in scientific works produced from mid-twentieth century and in the reports of various international organizations and national, such as the IMF, World Bank, MDS, IPEA, among others

Calçadas invisíveis: aspectos do passeio público, em Natal-RN, como projeção de uma cidadania ausente

This study has as a goal to establish a relationship between public sidewalk characteristics of Lagoa Nova District (neighborhood), in Natal and the kind of citizens whose constructions and maintenance layouts reflects. It‟s understood here as public sidewalk, specifically, the place reserved for passers-by traffic, located between public lots and vehicles pavements. It‟s a concern to make a brief survey about the occupation of this particular region and a detailed description over physical characteristic of its sidewalks that shows several obstacles for passers-by accessibility, trying to find possible factors that explain the problematic format , once, at the first sight, most of accessibility of passers-by is compromised. It‟ also, searched, local population thoughts regarding occupation notions about this environment, just like as cultural, political and economical aspects that might influence upon snatching these hybrid places located between private and public border line. It‟s confirmed that the nowadays sidewalks‟ shapes is not only citizenship reflection or a lack of it but shows it as an active agent related with the construction of this set of fundamental rights and duties vital for harmonical co-living local citizens

O compromisso político do serviço prestado pela Fundação Bradesco na cidade de João Pessoa

In this work we have analyzed the political commitment of the social assistance sponsored by the Bradesco Foundation in João Pessoa. This Foundation is a private institution of public interest that provides social assistance to low income populations all over Brazil. This kind of work is one of the oldest management initiatives in what is actually referred to as managers` social responsibility. This thesis assumes that managers who are in fact socially responsible should guide their actions by the principles of social democracy, so that everyone can enjoy citizens` social freedom, and guarantee their rights as well as the political awareness of social actors. Analysis of documents and a qualitative approach have been applied to the pedagogical Project of the Foundation, as well as phenomenology to study the social profile of their students. The analysis of the pedagogical project as well as the students` standpoint towards life reveals that the Bradesco Foundation is indeed committed to the social efficacy of its students. The educational proposal of the organization includes those elements that are required for teenagers` education envisaging participative citizenship. The teenagers` speech reveals that they have developed the project identity, being therefore able to take part in the process of political transformation of our time. The results indicate that the Bradesco Foundation not only guarantees some of the basic social rights for the healthy development of those who attend their courses, but also sponsors a high level education providing both a technical and a political formation