O intuitivo e o lógico no conhecimento matemático: análise de uma proposta pedagógica em relação a abordagens filosóficas atuais e ao contexto educacional da matemática

In this paper, we consider Meneghetti & Bicudo's proposal (2003) regarding the constitution of mathematical knowledge and analyze it with respect to the following two focuses: in relation to conceptions of mathematical knowledge following the fundamentalist crisis in mathematics; and in the educational context of mathematics. The investigation of the first focus is done analyzing new claims in mathematical philosophy. The investigation of the second focus is done firstly via a theoretical reflection followed by an examination of the implementation of the proposal in the process of development of didactic materials for teaching and learning Mathematics. Finally, we present the main results of the application of one of those materials.

A interface entre distúrbio obsessivo-compulsivo e esquizofrenia: Desafios da prática clínica

The article discusses the relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia, based on the report of eight clinical cases. It describes and discusses cases of OCD with poor insight, obsessions that seem paranoid delusions or auditive hallucinations, OCD with transient psychotic reactions, OCD with schizotypal personality disorder and schizophrenia with obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

Desafios na publicação científica.

We discuss the main problems which make a scientific text difficult to find, to be read or to be accepted by readers. A scientific text is considered a logical argument. Therefore, methods, results and data from literature are premises supporting the conclusions of the work; and in the Introduction session, the justification corroborates the objective of the study. This conception makes the text a hermetically coherent structure where only the necessary data should be included (some controversy is still pertinent). In a second step, we show formal mistakes in scientific writing which make texts less attractive. Thus, we give examples of errors or inadequacy of formal aspects of presenting titles, abstracts, results (figures and tables), and grammar mistakes in Portuguese (but also valid for English grammar). After that, we emphasize the need for writing in international language (English) and for publication in periodicals with international impact on the scientific community. Finally, considerations to improve the Brazilian periodicals in the biological area are presented.

Avaliação estatística de métodos de poda aplicados em neurônios intermediários da rede neural MLP

There are several papers on pruning methods in the artificial neural networks area. However, with rare exceptions, none of them presents an appropriate statistical evaluation of such methods. In this article, we proved statistically the ability of some methods to reduce the number of neurons of the hidden layer of a multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP), and to maintain the same landing of classification error of the initial net. They are evaluated seven pruning methods. The experimental investigation was accomplished on five groups of generated data and in two groups of real data. Three variables were accompanied in the study: apparent classification error rate in the test group (REA); number of hidden neurons, obtained after the application of the pruning method; and number of training/retraining epochs, to evaluate the computational effort. The non-parametric Friedman's test was used to do the statistical analysis.

MERCOSUL: avanços e desafios da integração

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Estatística de levantamentos epidemiológicos sobre cárie dentária, publicados no brasil e no exterior, de 1960 a 2001

The epidemiological surveys are important to the deployment, implementation and evaluation of projects and health actions in a community. The planning, goals, samples, team training/calibration, carrying out and publication of results are extremely important in the epidemiological surveys. Thus, the care with the sample and statistical analysis is fundamental for the results to be consistent and trustworthy in order to be able to be inferred for all the population. The aims of this study is to investigate the statistical methodology used in papers on dental caries epidemiological surveys published from 1960 to 2001. A bibliographical survey was carried out in BBO, MEDLINE and SCIELO databases. The papers found were analyzed with regards to the statistical methodology applied in the whole study, from the sampling to the tabling of data. Most studies (72.6%) only presented the number of elements that composed the sample, without explaining the planning involved in obtaining it.

Análise ambiental e de sustentabilidade do Estado do Amazonas

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Avanços e desafios para o aperfeiçoamento da institucionalidade trabalhista na América Latina

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Desafios pendentes para implementar a flexigurança no Peru

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Educação estatística no contexto da educação crítica

This article deals with the development of three competencies defined and studied in the context of Statistics Education (literacy, thinking and statistical reasoning). These competencies based on interpretation and understanding of critical information from real data are associated with an education geared toward the formation of critical citizenship and are in agreement with the principles that guide Critical Education. In this context, we consider Mathematical Modeling as a concrete possibility for integration between Critical Education and Education Statistics. We show that work with modeling projects in the classroom takes place in a context in which teaching is guided by the fundamentals of Critical Education. We present a project entitled Teaching Statistics and the financial market which illustrates the congruence between the objectives of Education Statistics and Critical Education.

A Pesquisa sobre o ensino de probabilidade e estatística no Brasil: Um exercício de metacompreensão

This article presents an exercise in meta-comprehension of what has been researched on teaching probability and statistics in Brazil. This research was based on the work on this subject presented in the third International Symposium for Research in Mathematics Education (III SIPEM). Articles were selected from the proceedings of the event analyzed hermeneuticly according to the procedures of phenomenology. We observed no evidence of clustering of research on this topic in terms of region or institutions, and we also emphasize that research on the teaching of Probability and Statistics needs to advance toward a theoretical discussion that transcends the subjects being studied and makes broader and deeper links between theory and practice. Findings also indicate that this sub-area of research in mathematics education is in the process of constituting itself.