Conflictos de interés, riesgo y presiones que enfrenta a diario el periodista en La Troncal y sus sectores aledaños

El presente trabajo Riesgos y presiones del Periodista en La Troncales de trascendental importancia en el sentido que en nuestra ciudad, no existe un periodismo de vanguardia. El periodista en La Troncal, tiene un campo de acción que está empezando, está todo por hacerse; sin embargo, no deja de ser menos notorio los riesgos y presiones. Por lo tanto, no deja de ser peligrosa esta actividad para quien la ejerce. Una muestra del riesgo latente, constituye los casos que presentamos aquí en esta tesina. Así por ejemplo, el hecho de Byron Baldeón, fue un suceso que causó conmoción a nivel internacional por la crueldad con la que se actuó. Este asesinato sigue todavía en investigación, pues hasta la vez no se ha llegado a encontrar a los culpables. Así mismo, el caso de Carlos Bejarano Ramos que pasó el susto de su vida y quien estuvo a punto de morir con toda su familia se salvaron por un milagro, la bomba que fue lanzada a su morada no estalló. En conclusión, este tema que presentamos en la tesina es interesante porque el periodista en este sector se desempeña en un ambiente de mucho riesgo y lo que es peor sin apoyo de su patrono y de ninguna asociación, pues laboran algunos hasta sin seguro social lo cual hace más dramática la situación en que se hallan la mayoría de los aficionados y profesionales del periodismo tanto como de La Troncal y El Triunfo.

Implante neural controlado em malha fechada

One of the challenges to biomedical engineers proposed by researchers in neuroscience is brain machine interaction. The nervous system communicates by interpreting electrochemical signals, and implantable circuits make decisions in order to interact with the biological environment. It is well known that Parkinson’s disease is related to a deficit of dopamine (DA). Different methods has been employed to control dopamine concentration like magnetic or electrical stimulators or drugs. In this work was automatically controlled the neurotransmitter concentration since this is not currently employed. To do that, four systems were designed and developed: deep brain stimulation (DBS), transmagnetic stimulation (TMS), Infusion Pump Control (IPC) for drug delivery, and fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) (sensing circuits which detect varying concentrations of neurotransmitters like dopamine caused by these stimulations). Some softwares also were developed for data display and analysis in synchronously with current events in the experiments. This allowed the use of infusion pumps and their flexibility is such that DBS or TMS can be used in single mode and other stimulation techniques and combinations like lights, sounds, etc. The developed system allows to control automatically the concentration of DA. The resolution of the system is around 0.4 µmol/L with time correction of concentration adjustable between 1 and 90 seconds. The system allows controlling DA concentrations between 1 and 10 µmol/L, with an error about +/- 0.8 µmol/L. Although designed to control DA concentration, the system can be used to control, the concentration of other substances. It is proposed to continue the closed loop development with FSCV and DBS (or TMS, or infusion) using parkinsonian animals models.

Controle de sistema não linear de separação gás/líquido sob ação de efeitos transientes fluídicos por sliding control

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, 2015.

Tear Secretion Induced by Selective Stimulation of Corneal and Conjunctival Sensory Nerve Fibers

Purpose. To measure the increase in tear secretion evoked by selective stimulation of the different populations of sensory receptors of the cornea and conjunctiva by using moderate and intense mechanical, chemical, and cold stimuli. Methods. Six healthy subjects participated in the study. Tear secretion was measured in both eyes by the Schirmer’s test conducted under control conditions and after stimulation of the center of the cornea and the temporal conjunctiva with a gas esthesiometer. Mechanical stimulation consisted in three pulses of 3 seconds’ duration of warmed air (at 34°C on the eye surface) applied at moderate (170 mL/min) and high (260 mL/min) flow rates. Cold thermal stimulation was made with cooled air that produced a corneal temperature drop of −1°C or −4.5°C. Chemical (acidic) stimulation was performed with a jet of gas containing a mixture of 80% CO2 in air. Results. The basal volume of tear secretion increased significantly (P < 0.05, paired t-test) after stimulation of the cornea with high-flow mechanical stimuli (260 mL/min), intense cooling pulses (−4.5°C), and chemical stimulation (80% CO2). The same stimuli were ineffective when applied to the conjunctiva. Moderate mechanical (170 mL/min) and cold (−1°C) stimulation of the cornea or the conjunctiva did not change significantly the volume of tear secretion. Conclusions. Reflex tear secretion caused by corneal stimulation seems to be chiefly due to activation of corneal polymodal nociceptors, whereas selective excitation of corneal mechanonociceptors or cold receptors appears to be less effective in evoking an augmented lacrimal secretion. Conjunctival receptors stimulated at equivalent levels do not evoke an increased tear secretion.

Factores preditivos de linfoma no síndrome de Sjögren : a propósito de um caso clínico

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014

"As mulheres que fizeram Roma", de Carla Hilário Quevedo

Não é frequente serem editados livros de divulgação cultural, escritos originalmente em português, sobre a antiguidade clássica. Só isso já seria razão para me congratular com a recentíssima publicação deste As mulheres que fizeram Roma, da autoria de Carla Hilário Quevedo. Nestes dias em que saiu a notícia que os estabelecimentos de ensino podem ter, no Básico, como Oferta de Escola, disciplinas na área da Introdução à Cultura e Línguas Clássicas, a publicação deste livro só vem reforçar a importância desta componente na educação (relembro que o Latim e o Grego nunca saíram do Ensino Secundário, apesar de parecer que sim. Por exemplo, em Portimão, na Escola Secundária Manuel Teixeira Gomes, tem havido Grego no 12º ano, com muito sucesso). Mas a minha satisfação é maior, porque o livro é mesmo de leitura muito agradável. Não se deixem assustar com o subtítulo, 14 Histórias de poder e violência, pois também há histórias de amor, dedicação e honra. É verdade que tudo gira à volta do poder, mas a história tem destas coisas: não fala dos fracos. Carla Hilário Quevedo é cronista no jornal i e no semanário Sol, mas conheci a sua escrita no tempo em que publicava no Expresso, tendo depois passado a segui-la no blogue Bomba Inteligente. Já nessa época, Carla Quevedo manifestava o seu interesse pela antiguidade: conhecedora do grego moderno e licenciada em Línguas e Literaturas Modernas (Inglês/Alemão), fez mestrado em Estudos Clássicos, tendo aprendido grego antigo e latim. Pareceu-me importante esta contextualização para melhor enquadrar este livro, pois é sempre bom sabermos quem são os autores que lemos, principalmente quando não se trata de ficção.

Investigaci?n del mercado de vidrio y aluminio como materiales de construcci?n y remodelaci?n en el Cant?n Central de Lim?n, que permita a la empresa Inversiones Garita S.A. determinar la posible apertura de una nueva divisi?n de materias primas

Universidad de Costa Rica. Posgrado en Administraci?n y Direcci?n de Empresas. Maestr?a Profesional en Administraci?n y Direcci?n de Empresas, 2015

Sistema de sensoriamento eletromagnético utilizado para detecção da contaminação do óleo isolante do motor no método de elevação artificial do tipo bombeio centrífugo submerso

In the artificial lift method by Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP), the energy is transmitted for the well´s deep through a flat electric handle, where it is converted into mechanical energy through an engine of sub-surface, which is connected to a centrifugal pump. This transmits energy to the fluid under the pressure form, bringing it to the surface In this method the subsurface equipment is basically divided into: pump, seal and motor. The main function of the seal is the protect the motor, avoiding the motor´s oil be contaminated by oil production and the consequent burning of it. Over time, the seal will be wearing and initiates a contamination of motor oil, causing it to lose its insulating characteristics. This work presents a design of a magnetic sensor capable of detecting contamination of insulating oil used in the artificial lift method of oil-type Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP). The objective of this sensor is to generate alarm signal just the moment when the contamination in the isolated oil is present, enabling the implementation of a predictive maintenance. The prototype was designed to work in harsh conditions to reach a depth of 2000m and temperatures up to 150°C. It was used a simulator software to defined the mechanical and electromagnetic variables. Results of field experiments were performed to validate the prototype. The final results performed in an ESP system with a 62HP motor showed a good reliability and fast response of the prototype.

Análise da estrutura e transporte do zooplâncton no estuário do Rio Caravelas (Bahia-Brasil) através do uso do zooscan

Spatial-temporal dynamics of zooplankton in the Caravelas river estuary (Bahia, Brazil). The survey was conducted in order to describe the zooplankton community of the estuary Caravelas (Bahia, Brazil), to quantify and relate the patterns of horizontal and vertical transport with the type of tide (neap and spring) and tidal phase (flood and ebb). Zooplankton samples were collected with the aid of a suction pump (300L), filtered in plankton nets (300μm) and fixed in saline formalin 4%. Samples were collected at a fixed point (A1), near the mouth of the estuary, with samples taken at neap tides and spring tides during the dry and rainy seasons. Samples were collected for 13 hours, at intervals of 1 hour in 3 depths: surface, middle and bottom. Simultaneous collection of biological, we measured the current velocity, temperature and salinity of the water through CTD. In the laboratory, samples were selected for analysis in estereomicroscope, with 25 groups identified, with Copepoda getting the highest number of species. The 168 samples obtained from temporal samples were subsampled and processed on equipment ZooScan, with the aid of software ZooProcess at the end were generated 458.997 vingnettes. 8 taxa were identified automatically, with 16 classified as a semi-automatic. The group Copepoda, despite the limited taxonomic refinement ZooScan, obtained 2 genera and 1 species identified automatically. Among the seasons dry and wet groups Brachyura (zoea), Chaetognatha, and the Calanoid copepods (others), Temora spp., Oithona spp. and Euterpina acutifrons were those who had higher frequency of occurrence, appearing in more than 70% of the samples. Copepoda group showed the largest percentage of relative abundance in both seasons. There was no seasonal variation of total zooplankton, with an average density of 7826±4219 org.m-3 in the dry season, and 7959±3675 org.m-3 in the rainy season, neither between the types and phases of the tides, but seasonal differences were significant recorded for the main zooplankton groups. Vertical stratification was seen for the major zooplankton groups (Brachyura, Chaetognatha, Calanoida (other), Oithona spp, Temora spp. e Euterpina acutifrons). The scale of this stratification varied with the type (square or tide) and tidal phase (flood or ebb). The instantaneous transport was more influenced by current velocity, with higher values observed in spring tides to the total zooplankton, however, there was a variation of this pattern depending on the zooplankton group. According to the data import and export of total zooplankton, the outflow of organisms of the estuary was higher than the input. The results suggest that the estuary of Caravelas may influence the dynamics of organic matter to the adjacent coast, with possible consequences in National Marine Park of Abrolhos

Controle aplicado a poços com método de elevação e bombeio centrífugo submerso

The Electrical Submersible Pumping is an artificial lift method for oil wells employed in onshore and offshore areas. The economic revenue of the petroleum production in a well depends on the oil flow and the availability of lifting equipment. The fewer the failures, the lower the revenue shortfall and costs to repair it. The frequency with which failures occur depends on the operating conditions to which the pumps are submitted. In high-productivity offshore wells monitoring is done by operators with engineering support 24h/day, which is not economically viable for the land areas. In this context, the automation of onshore wells has clear economic advantages. This work proposes a system capable of automatically control the operation of electrical submersible pumps, installed in oil wells, by an adjustment at the electric motor rotation based on signals provided by sensors installed on the surface and subsurface, keeping the pump operating within the recommended range, closest to the well s potential. Techniques are developed to estimate unmeasured variables, enabling the automation of wells that do not have all the required sensors. The automatic adjustment, according to an algorithm that runs on a programmable logic controller maintains the flow and submergence within acceptable parameters avoiding undesirable operating conditions, as the gas interference and high engine temperature, without need to resort to stopping the engine, which would reduce the its useful life. The control strategy described, based on modeling of physical phenomena and operational experience reported in literature, is materialized in terms of a fuzzy controller based on rules, and all generated information can be accompanied by a supervisory system

Princípios Básicos de Hematologia. Esfregaço sanguíneo

O sangue é um tecido vivo fluído que circula num dos sistemas vasculares do corpo, o qual apresenta uma “bomba” central, o coração – órgão muscular que bombeia o sangue para as circulações pulmonar e geral. Quando o colocamos no interior de um tubo de ensaio o sangue separa-se em duas camadas. A camada superior líquida, designada por plasma, representa cerca de 55% do volume de sangue total e contém uma variedade de substâncias orgânicas e inorgânicas dissolvidas ou suspensas em água. A camada inferior é constituída por células vermelhas do sangue (eritrócitos), glóbulos brancos (leucócitos) e plaquetas (trombócitos) que, coletivamente, constituem os elementos figurados do sangue e representam 45% do volume de sangue total. O esfregaço sanguíneo constitui o método mais usual para observar o sangue e seus constituintes, pesquisar hemoparasitas e determinar a fórmula leucocitária, variável com a espécie, sendo fundamental que o Enfermeiro Veterinário domine as técnicas para a sua execução e reconheça as diferentes células sanguíneas. Neste trabalho será apresentada uma revisão dos órgãos hematopoiéticos (onde se originam os eritrócitos), órgãos linfóides (onde se originam ou diferenciam os leucócitos), bem como das funções do sangue e seus componentes.

DESLAZAMIENTOS EN LA CUENCA DEL RIO BANANO, UNA CONSECUENCIA DEL TERREMOTO DE ABRIL DE 1991

En la región Caribe algunas cuencas se vieron afectadas en su comportamiento hidrológico, como consecuencia del terremoto de abril de 1991.Un ejemplo evidente de lo anterior es la cuenca del rio Banano, que es la fuente principal del agua potable para la provincia de Limón, y que se presenta un comportamiento de rio aluvial acelerado como consecuencia de cerca de 40 millones de m3 de material deslizado. Los deslizamientos  característicos en la cuenca son deslizamientos de roca (rockslide), aunque puede observarse uno de tipo rotacional (rotational slump); además existen flujos de detritos ( debris flow). Este comportamiento acelerado origina inundaciones en poblados como Aguas Zarcas, Quitaría, Beverly; Polonia, Bomba y María Luisa. Con el fin de minimizar las consecuencias de estas inundaciones se establece una zonificación de áreas inundables para la parte baja de la cuenca en tres clases. Además, en la cuenca se registra un aporte significativo de material en suspensión, lo cual podrá alterar la posibilidad del agua. ABSTRACTThe April 1991 earthquake in Costa Rica caused changes in the hydrological characteristics of several watersheds in the Caribbean region of country.Evidence of these changes was observer in the rio Banano, the principal source of potable water for the province de Limon. The behavior of the alluvial river accelerated as a consequence of nearly 40 million cubic meters of material that moved within the watershed as a result of the earthquake. The characteristical landslides were rockslides, althoung rotational slump and debris flow slides were also observed. The accelerated hydrological changes in the river have caused flooding in populated areas such as Aguas Zarcas, Quitará, Beverly, Polonia, Bomba and Maria Luisa. In order to minimize the consequences of the flooding, the lower part of the watershed was classified in three categories according to flooding susceptibility.The river has also shown an increase in suspended material, which could affect the potability of the water.

EL RELLENO SANITARIO EN CORDEL DE MORA: UN ENFOQUE GEOGRÁFICO

La problemática de la disposición final de los desechos sólidos que se generan en la gran Área Metropolitana, se ha constituido en la década de los 90, en una bomba tanto de tipo ambiental como de tipo política que ha representado para el gobierno una situación de emergencia en cuanto a su solución.  Entre las alternativas para la ubicación de un “sitio ideal” para la operación de un relleno sanitario, el Gobierno propuso una finca localizada en Cordel del cantón de Mora.Se conjugan en este documento, un enfoque social y político que involucra diferentes estratos sociales y escalas espaciales que van desde la local a la regional, y un enfoque físico –ambiental que enfatiza  en el análisis de las condiciones específicas del sitio y de las posibles rutas de acceso.  Se concluye que la solución a la problemática debe involucrar la participación más amplia de posible de la ciudadanía y con total transparencia en todos los niveles de decisión tanto técnicos como políticos.  En cuanto a lo físico-ambiental se concluye que el sitio no ofrece las mejores condiciones para una obra de este tipo; a la vez se hace una propuesta de otro sitio, cercano al anterior, que podría tener mejores condiciones.

Potencial biotecnológico de actinomicetos para produção de amilase.

2016

Diversidade funcional da comunidade microbiana de solo de cerrado submetido à adubação com diferentes fontes e doses de organominerais.

2016