La creación de los profesorados de educación física en Argentina. 1912-2014

El presente trabajo intenta constituir un primer intento de sistematización de algunos antecedentes sobre las creaciones de las propuestas formativas de profesores de educación física en Argentina entre 1912 y 2014. Para ello, a partir del trabajo con diferentes fuentes primarias y secundarias, se desarrollará el devenir de la creación de las distintas propuestas formativas en el ámbito civil en: el ámbito del Ministerio de Educación de la Nación, las Universidades Naciones y los Ministerios de Educación Provinciales. Para ello se inscribirá tales actos, en las tramas locales y de los lineamientos políticos-educativos nacionales y provinciales. Buscando sentar algunas bases para futuros análisis

La creación de los profesorados de educación física en Argentina. 1912-2014

El presente trabajo intenta constituir un primer intento de sistematización de algunos antecedentes sobre las creaciones de las propuestas formativas de profesores de educación física en Argentina entre 1912 y 2014. Para ello, a partir del trabajo con diferentes fuentes primarias y secundarias, se desarrollará el devenir de la creación de las distintas propuestas formativas en el ámbito civil en: el ámbito del Ministerio de Educación de la Nación, las Universidades Naciones y los Ministerios de Educación Provinciales. Para ello se inscribirá tales actos, en las tramas locales y de los lineamientos políticos-educativos nacionales y provinciales. Buscando sentar algunas bases para futuros análisis

"En las cavernas" (1912), de Emilia Pardo Bazán, con un breve panorama de la paleoficción literaria española

Los descubrimientos paleontológicos realizados en el siglo XIX propiciaron el auge de un tipo de narraciones en que se trataba de reconstruir el modo de vida de los antepasados de la edad paleolítica. Este género también se cultivó en España. Emilia Pardo Bazán publicó en 1912 En las cavernas, que es una recreación hipotética, mediante la ficción, del origen del hombre y de su civilización desde un punto de vista ambiguo en lo referido a los supuestos beneficios de esa civilización, mediante la narración de las peripecias amorosas de una pareja paleolítica contrariada por su medio social. A esta importante obra de Pardo Bazán siguieron cuentos de escritores como Antonio de Hoyos y Vinent o José María Pemán, cuyas historias se pueden considerar también parábolas fantásticas sobre nuestros orígenes culturales. En cambio, novelas como El Rey de los Trogloditas (1925), de Jesús Carballo, perseguían conferir cierto realismo a sus fábulas de la cultura, sin olvidar su dimensión aventurera ni su significado alegórico. Posteriormente, la Guerra Civil de 1936 influyó en un nuevo planteamiento de la paleoficción española en la posguerra, a la que seguirá un período casi vacío para el género hasta la llegada de la novela prehistórica comercial.

La creación de los profesorados de educación física en Argentina. 1912-2014

El presente trabajo intenta constituir un primer intento de sistematización de algunos antecedentes sobre las creaciones de las propuestas formativas de profesores de educación física en Argentina entre 1912 y 2014. Para ello, a partir del trabajo con diferentes fuentes primarias y secundarias, se desarrollará el devenir de la creación de las distintas propuestas formativas en el ámbito civil en: el ámbito del Ministerio de Educación de la Nación, las Universidades Naciones y los Ministerios de Educación Provinciales. Para ello se inscribirá tales actos, en las tramas locales y de los lineamientos políticos-educativos nacionales y provinciales. Buscando sentar algunas bases para futuros análisis

Actores políticos y elecciones municipales en Nuevo León: 1912

Los excluídos durante el Porfiriato encontraron en los comicios realizados dentro de la coyuntura política del maderismo, una plataforma de acción

Un pájaro azul en Costa Rica: la función de la traducción de L’Oiseau bleu en la Costa Rica de 1912

El estudio procura desvelar la función de El pájaro azul (traducción de Roberto Brenes Mesén) dentro del contexto histórico en que surge. Tras describir y analizar las especificidades ideológicas, sociales y literarias de contexto, individuos y textos involucrados, se concluye que la traducción pudo haber funcionado como un instrumento para promover cambios ideológicos, sociales y estéticos dentro de la sociedad costarricense de principios del siglo veinte.This study seeks to describe the role of El pájaro azul (translated by Roberto Brenes Mesén) when it first appeared in Costa Rica in 1912. A description is provided of the ideological, social and literary features present in the context, and of the agents and texts involved in the production of El pájaro azul. The analysis of these features makes it possible to state that the text is likely to have been an instrument used to promote ideological, social and aesthetic changes within the 20th century Costa Rican society.

Empresa bananera e intervención política en Costa Rica (1899-1939) y Honduras (1912- 1933)

Resumen Analizar los diversos mecanismos de intervención empleados por las compañías bananeras para ejercer presión e intervenir en la vida política en Costa Rica y Honduras, durante la primera década del siglo XX. Abstract Analyses the diverse mechanisms of intervention used by the banana companies to exert pressure and to interfere in the political live in Costa Rica and Honduras during the first decades of the 20 th century.

Que la mujer brille y se enaltezca por sus virtudes”. Selección de documentos sobre las tipógrafas josefinas. 1903-1912

ResumenSelección de 15 documentos sobre las tipógrafas josefinas, que salieron a la luz en los periódicos La Prensa Libre y El Día, entre 1903 y 1912.AbstractA selection of 15 documents on typographers in San Jose, published in La Prensa Libre and El Dia, in 1903 and 1912.

Surviving the Titanic disaster : economic, natural and social determinants

The sinking of the Titanic in April 1912 took the lives of 68 percent of the people aboard. Who survived? It was women and children who had a higher probability of being saved, not men. Likewise, people traveling in first class had a better chance of survival than those in second and third class. British passengers were more likely to perish than members of other nations. This extreme event represents a rare case of a well-documented life and death situation where social norms were enforced. This paper shows that economic analysis can account for human behavior in such situations.

Economics of maritime disasters : essays on the Titanic and Lusitania

This work seeks to fill some of the gap existing in the economics and behavioural economics literature pertaining to the decision making process of individuals under extreme environmental situations (life and death events). These essays specifically examine the sinking’s of the R.M.S. Titanic, on 14th April of 1912, and the R.M.S. Lusitania, on 7th May 1915, using econometric (multivariate) analysis techniques. The results show that even under extreme life and death conditions, social norms matter and are reflected in the survival probabilities of individuals onboard the Titanic. However, results from the comparative analysis of the Titanic and Lusitania show that social norms take time to organise and be effective. In the presence of such time constraints, the traditional “homo economicus” model of individual behaviour becomes evident as a survival of the fittest competition.

A fiber Bragg grating sensor system for train axle counting

Railway signaling facilitates two main functions, namely, train detection and train control, in order to maintain safe separations among the trains. Track circuits are the most commonly used train detection means with the simple open/close circuit principles; and subsequent adoption of axle counters further allows the detection of trains under adverse track conditions. However, with electrification and power electronics traction drive systems, aggravated by the electromagnetic interference in the vicinity of the signaling system, railway engineers often find unstable or even faulty operations of track circuits and axle counting systems, which inevitably jeopardizes the safe operation of trains. A new means of train detection, which is completely free from electromagnetic interference, is therefore required for the modern railway signaling system. This paper presents a novel optical fiber sensor signaling system. The sensor operation, field setup, axle detection solution set, and test results of an installation in a trial system on a busy suburban railway line are given.

Application of multi-criteria decision making methods to compression ignition engine efficiency and gaseous, particulate and greenhouse gas emissions

Compression ignition (CI) engine design is subject to many constraints which presents a multi-criteria optimisation problem that the engine researcher must solve. In particular, the modern CI engine must not only be efficient, but must also deliver low gaseous, particulate and life cycle greenhouse gas emissions so that its impact on urban air quality, human health, and global warming are minimised. Consequently, this study undertakes a multi-criteria analysis which seeks to identify alternative fuels, injection technologies and combustion strategies that could potentially satisfy these CI engine design constraints. Three datasets are analysed with the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations and Geometrical Analysis for Interactive Aid (PROMETHEE-GAIA) algorithm to explore the impact of 1): an ethanol fumigation system, 2): alternative fuels (20 % biodiesel and synthetic diesel) and alternative injection technologies (mechanical direct injection and common rail injection), and 3): various biodiesel fuels made from 3 feedstocks (i.e. soy, tallow, and canola) tested at several blend percentages (20-100 %) on the resulting emissions and efficiency profile of the various test engines. The results show that moderate ethanol substitutions (~20 % by energy) at moderate load, high percentage soy blends (60-100 %), and alternative fuels (biodiesel and synthetic diesel) provide an efficiency and emissions profile that yields the most “preferred” solutions to this multi-criteria engine design problem. Further research is, however, required to reduce Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) emissions with alternative fuels, and to deliver technologies that do not significantly reduce the median diameter of particle emissions.

Sex discrimination and non-random sampling in the Australian labour market

Historically a significant gap between male and female wages has existed in the Australian labour market. Indeed this wage differential was institutionalised in the 1912 arbitration decision which determined that the basic female wage would be set at between 54 and 66 per cent of the male wage. More recently however, the 1969 and 1972 Equal Pay Cases determined that male/female wage relativities should be based upon the premise of equal pay for work of equal value. It is important to note that the mere observation that average wages differ between males and females is not sine qua non evidence of sex discrimination. Economists restrict the definition of wage discrimination to cases where two distinct groups receive different average remuneration for reasons unrelated to differences in productivity characteristics. This paper extends previous studies of wage discrimination in Australia (Chapman and Mulvey, 1986; Haig, 1982) by correcting the estimated male/female wage differential for the existence of non-random sampling. Previous Australian estimates of male/female human capital basedwage specifications together with estimates of the corresponding wage differential all suffer from a failure to address this issue. If the sample of females observed to be working does not represent a random sample then the estimates of the male/female wage differential will be both biased and inconsistent.

Continuous production of Bi-2212 thick film on silver tape

Bi-2212 thick film on silver tapes are seen as a simple and low cost alternative to high temperature superconducting wires produced by the Powder In Thbe (PIT) technique, particularly in react and wind applications. A rig for the continuous production of Bi-2212 tapes for use in react and wind component manufacture has been developed and commissioned. The rig consists of several sections, each fully automatic, for task specific duties in the production of HTS tape. The major sections are: tape coating, sintering and annealing. High temperature superconducting tapes with engineering critical current densities of 10 kA/cm2 (77 K, self field), and lengths of up to 100 m have been produced using the rig. Properties of the finished tape are discussed and results are presented for current density versus bend radius and applied strain. Depending on tape content and thickness, irreversible strain tirrm varies between 0.04 and 0.1 %. Cyclic bending tests when applied strain does not exceed Eirrm showed negligible reduction in J c along the length of the tape.