Sedimentology, geochemistry and paleomagnetic of ODP Hole 151-913B

The Eocene and Oligocene epochs (55 to 23 million years ago) comprise a critical phase in Earth history. An array of geological records (Zachos et al., 2001, doi:10.1126/science.1059412; Lear et al., 2000, doi:10.1126/science.287.5451.269; Coxall et al., 2005, doi:10.1038/nature03135; Pekar et al., 2005; doi:10.1130/B25486.1; Strand et al., 2003, doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00396-1) supported by climate modelling (DeConto and Pollard, 2003, doi:10.1038/nature01290) indicates a profound shift in global climate during this interval, from a state that was largely free of polar ice caps to one in which ice sheets on Antarctica approached their modern size. However, the early glaciation history of the Northern Hemisphere is a subject of controversy (Coxall et al., 2005, doi:10.1038/nature03135; Tripati et al., 2005, doi:10.1038/nature03874; Wolf-Welling et al., 1996, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.151.139.1996; Moran et al., 2006, doi:10.1038/nature04800). Here we report stratigraphically extensive ice-rafted debris, including macroscopic dropstones, in late Eocene to early Oligocene sediments from the Norwegian-Greenland Sea that were deposited between about 38 and 30 million years ago. Our data indicate sediment rafting by glacial ice, rather than sea ice, and point to East Greenland as the likely source. Records of this type from one site alone cannot be used to determine the extent of ice involved. However, our data suggest the existence of (at least) isolated glaciers on Greenland about 20 million years earlier than previously documented (Winkler et al., 2002, doi:10.1007/s005310100199), at a time when temperatures and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations were substantially higher.

Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from R/V Atlantis - Cruise 151 (Dec. 1947) in the Atlantic Ocean

One of the objectives of WHOI Atlantis Cruise 151, covering the period from 7 December 1947 to 18 June 1948, was to obtain as complete a sampling of the sea bottom of the Meditterranean and Aegean Seas as was compatible with the remainder of the scientific program. It was furthermore planned to make concurrent bottom photographs as a means for studying the correlation between bottom sediments and the morphology of the sea floor. The photographs also held the possibility of determining the presence of bottom fauna. The underwater camera used for this work was loaned to us by Dr. Maurice Ewing of Columbia University. As it was fitted with a one foot long coring tube at the base of its pole a majority of the bottom samples were obtained by the camera itself. On the way to Gibraltar, several bottom photos were taken in the Atlantic ocean. One of them was the deepest underwater photograph ever taken at the tima (3026 fathoms) showing a cluster of objects, some as much as 5 inches across on a clay bottom. These appeared to be manganese nodules, judging from their rounded and bulbous shape, especially the potato-like form of some of them. A core sample obtained at the same spot with a corer attached to the camera stand contained abundant manganese grains.

Total organic carbon (TOC) on ground bulk and carbonate-free sediment samples of ODP Hole 151-911A

A multiproxy analysis of Hole 911A (Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 151) drilled on the Yermak Plateau (eastern Arctic Ocean) is used to investigate the behaviour of the Svalbard/Barents Sea ice sheet (SBIS) during late Pliocene and early Pleistocene (~3.0-1.7 Ma) climate changes. Contemporary with the 'Mid-Pliocene (~3 Ma) global warmth' (MPGW), a warmer period lasting ~300 kyr with seasonally ice-free conditions in the marginal eastern Arctic Ocean is assumed to be an important regional moisture source, and possibly one decisive trigger for intensification of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation in the Svalbard/Barents Sea area at ~2.7 Ma. An abrupt pulse of ice-rafted debris (IRD) to the Yermak Plateau at ~2.7 Ma reflects distinct melting of sediment-laden icebergs derived from the SBIS and may indicate the protruding advance of the ice sheet onto the outer shelf. Spectral analysis of the total organic carbon (TOC) record being predominantly of terrigenous/fossil-reworked origin indicates SBIS and possibly Scandinavian Ice Sheet response to incoming solar radiation at obliquity and precession periodicities. The strong variance in frequencies near the 41 kyr obliquity cycle between 2.7 and 1.7 Ma indicates, for the first time in the Arctic Ocean, a close relationship of SBIS growth and decay patterns to the Earth's orbital obliquity amplitudes, which dominated global ice volume variations during late Pliocene/early Pleistocene climate changes.

Control and reduction of armaments. Final report of the Committee on Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Disarmament; pursuant to the provisions of S. Res. 93, S. Res. 185, and S. Res. 286, 84th Congress, and S. Res. 61, S. Res. 151, S. Res. 192, and S. Res. 241, 85th Congress.

"Annex II. Staff studies": p. 95-663.

Ballet music : Fireflies' ballet [op. 151 and] Japanese ballet [op. 156] : as performed in "From Broadway to Tokio."

Originally for orchestra, arranged for piano.

Operator and organizational maintenance manual : truck, lift, fork, EMD, solid rubber tired wheels, 2000 lbs capacity, 144 in lift, Army model MHE 219, Allis Chalmers model FE20-24EE, FSN 3930-151-4432.

"June 1971."

Operator's manual : M1 ballistic computer and laser rangefinder troubleshooting trainer, device 17-68/3 (NSN 6910-01-151-7775).

"April 1984."

Direct and general support maintenance manual repair parts and special tools list for test set, radar, AN/MPM-59 (X0-3), 4935-00-151-1323, (forward area alert radar system).

Includes index.

Organizational maintenance repair parts and special tools lists : crane, truck mounted, GED, 3/4 cubic yard, 20 ton, with clamshell, dragline, and backhoe attachments, NSN 3810-00-151-4431, Harnischfeger Corp model M320T2.

Includes index.

Organizational maintenance manual : crane-shovel, truck mounted, 3/4 cubic yards, 20 ton, with clamshell, dragline and backhoe attachments, G.E.D. (Harnischfeger Corp model M320T2), FSN 3810-151-4431.

Includes indexes.

Direct support and general support maintenance repair parts and special tools lists (including depot maintenance repair parts and special tools lists) : crane, truck mounted, GED, 3/4 cubic yard, 20 ton, with clamshell, dragline and backhoe attachments, NSN 3810-00-151-4431, Harnischfeger Corp model M320T2.

Includes indexes.

Operators manual : crane, truck, mounted, 3/4 cubic yards, 20 ton, w/clamshell, dragline and backhoe attachments, G.E.D., (Harnischfeger Corp model M 320T2), FSN 3810-151-4431.

"May 1971."

Direct support and general support maintenance manual : crane, truck, mounted, 3/4 cu. yds., 20 ton, w/clamshell, dragline and backhoe attachments, G.E.D., (Harnischfeger model M320T2), FSN 3810-151-4431.

"May 1971."

Operators manual : crane, truck, mounted, 3/4 cubic yards, 20 ton, w/clamshell, dragline, and backhoe attachments, G.E.D. (Harnischfeger Corp model M 320T2), FSN 3810-151-4431.

"May 1971."