Informe del Decimosexto Período de Sesiones del Comité Plenario = Committee of the Whole: report of the Sixteenth Session

Incluye Bibliografía

Proyecto de informe de la Decimoséptima Sesión del Comité Plenario = Draft report of the Seventeenth Session of the Committee of the Whole = Projet de rapport de la Dix-septième Session du Comité Plénier

Presenta la organizacion de los trabajos, temario, resumen de los debates y resoluciones de la reunion en la que se ratifico el programa de trabajo del CDCC aprobado en su 8o periodo de sesiones, se tomo nota del informe de la reunion del CARICOM sobre poblacion, se fijo fecha de la reunion preparatoria para la conferencia sobre la mujer, y se considero la solicitud de El Salvador para ser considerado pais de menor desarrollo relativo para los efectos de la resolucion 2768 (XXVI).

Informe del Decimoséptimo Período de Sesiones del Comité Plenario = Report of the Seventeenth Session of the Committee of the Whole = Rapport de la Dix-septième Session du Comité Plénier

El proyecto de informe fue publicado con el símbolo E/CEPAL/PLEN.17/L.5

Informe del Decimoctavo Período de Sesiones del Comité Plenario = Report of the Eighteenth Session of the Committee of the Whole = Rapport de la Dix-huitième Session du Comité Plénier

Presenta la organizacion y resumen de los debates de la reunion que tuvo por objetivo examinar aquellos aspectos de las politicas de desarrollo economico y social de largo plazo que constituirian las orientaciones necesarias para responder a la actual crisis y a las transformaciones que la economia internacional plantea a los paises de la region.

Informe del Decimonoveno Período de Sesiones del Comité Plenario = Report of the Nineteenth Session of the Committee of the Whole = Rapport de la Dix-neuviéme Session du Comité Plénier

Contiene asistencia, organizacion de los trabajos y resumen de los debates sobre los temas: estudio a fondo de la estructura intergubernamental de las Naciones Unidas y de sus funciones en las esferas economica y social - contribucion de la CEPAL, y manejo de la crisis economica. Incluye resolucion 489 (PLEN.19) e informe del 13. periodo de sesiones del CEGAN.

Informe del Vigésimo Período de Sesiones del Comité Plenario = Report of the Committee of the Whole = Rapport de la Vingtième Session du Comité Plénier

Contiene la organización de los trabajos y resumen de los debates sobre la evolución de las economías de la región posterior al 22 período de sesiones de CEPAL, y la preparación de la nueva Estrategia Internacional de Desarrollo (EID) para el Cuarto Decenio de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo.

Evaluation of biochemical and redox parameters in rats fed with corn grown in soil amended with urban sewage sludge

The increased production of urban sewage sludge requires alternative methods for final disposal. A very promising choice is the use of sewage sludge as a fertilizer in agriculture, since it is rich in organic matter, macro and micronutrients. However, urban sewage sludge may contain toxic substances that may cause deleterious effects on the biota, water and soil, and consequently on humans. There is a lack of studies evaluating how safe the consumption of food cultivated in soils containing urban sewage sludge is. Thus, the aim of this paper was to evaluate biochemical and redox parameters in rats fed with corn produced in a soil treated with urban sewage sludge for a long term. For these experiments, maize plants were grown in soil amended with sewage sludge (rates of 5, 10 and 20. t/ha) or not (control). Four different diets were prepared with the corn grains produced in the field experiment, and rats were fed with these diets for 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Biochemical parameters (glucose, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase) as well the redox state biomarkers such as reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase, glutathione peroxidase and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) were assessed. Our results show no differences in the biomarkers over 1 or 2 weeks. However, at 4 weeks BuChE activity was inhibited in rats fed with corn grown in soil amended with sewage sludge (5, 10 and 20. t/ha), while MDA levels increased. Furthermore, prolonged exposure to corn cultivated in the highest amount per hectare of sewage sludge (8 and 12 weeks) was associated with an increase in MDA levels and a decrease in GSH levels, respectively. Our findings add new evidence of the risks of consuming food grown with urban sewage sludge. However, considering that the amount and type of toxic substances present in urban sewage sludge varies considerably among different sampling areas, further studies are needed to evaluate sludge samples collected from different sources and/or undergoing different types of treatment. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

Extrusion of flavored corn grits: Structural characteristics, volatile compounds retention and sensory acceptability

The effects of the moisture content of the raw material, extrusion temperature and screw speed on flavor retention, sensory acceptability and structure of corn grits extrudates flavored with isovaleraldehyde, ethyl butyrate and butyric acid were investigated. Higher temperature resulted in more expanded extrudates with lower density and cutting force, while higher moisture content increased ethyl butyrate retention. The most acceptable extrudates were those obtained with low moisture content, under conditions of high extrusion temperature and high screw speed, or low screw speed and low extrusion temperature, whereas the aroma intensity closest to the ideal was observed under conditions of low extrusion temperature and low moisture content of the raw material. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.