[Archives de la Parole]. , Birah : in Oriya [chant] / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Bepin Chandra Patra], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Provinces du Bihar et d'Orissa. Etat d'Orissa [i.e. Odisha]. Cuttack]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Chant populaire : indo-aryen, bhīlī marāṭhī / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Paulat Sakharam], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. État du Maharashtra. Dhule]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Lankātenkā heiken rāvanā : a song in Korku from Melghat (Berar) / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Rajotia Kōrkū], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Etat du Maharashtra. Amravati]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Jhumar : song in Nagpuria Bhogpuri (Hindi) / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Sheo Sahay Lal], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Provinces du Bihar et de l'Orissa. Etat du Jharkhand. Ranchi]

[Archives de la Parole]. , A song in Bundelkhandi Hindi from Damoh (C.P.) : Ganga tori lahara / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Bindraban], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Damoh]

[Archives de la Parole]. , [Chant de batelier] : [en Tamil (dialecte kasuva)] / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; Bommah, chant principal et une autre voix d'homme

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Province de Madras [i.e. Chennai]]

Measurement with Some Theory: a New Approach to Evaluate Business Cycle Models

We propose a method to evaluate cyclical models which does not require knowledge of the DGP and the exact empirical specification of the aggregate decision rules. We derive robust restrictions in a class of models; use some to identify structural shocks and others to evaluate the model or contrast sub-models. The approach has good size and excellent power properties, even in small samples. We show how to examine the validity of a class of models, sort out the relevance of certain frictions, evaluate the importance of an added feature, and indirectly estimate structural parameters.

[Archives de la Parole]. , Pūrbi Song (mélodie) : magahli of Gaya / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Jadunandan Sahay], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Province du Bihar. Gaya]

[Archives de la Parole]. , [Bapala durang] : [song in Hō] ; [Mage durang] : [song in Hō] / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; Choeur (femmes, ou enfants) ; accompagnement de percussions et de flûte

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Chotā Nāgpur]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Chant populaire d'étudiants : gujarātī (dial. bhīlī), indo-aryen / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Lala Teja et Amthabai Dhanjabhai], choeur (hommes)

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Présidence de Bombay. État du Gujarat. Ahmadabad]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Fable : gujarātī (dial. bhīlī), indo-aryen / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Lala Teja], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Présidence de Bombay. État du Gujarat. Ahmadabad]

[Archives de la Parole]. , A song in Kolami from Yeotmal (Berar) : Ghaddi Arkengchandure [i.e. Ghaddi ārkeng chāndure] / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Rakma Kōlām], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Province du Berar. Yavatmal]

Social Security in Theory and Practice (II): Efficiency Theories, Narrative Theories, and Implications for Reform

166 countries have some kind of public old age pension. What economic forces create and sustain old age Social Security as a public program? Mulligan and Sala-i-Martin (1999b) document several of the internationally and historically common features of social security programs, and explore "political" theories of Social Security. This paper discusses the "efficiency theories", which view creation of the SS program as a full of partial solution to some market failure. Efficiency explanations of social security include the "SS as welfare for the elderly" the "retirement increases productivity to optimally manage human capital externalities", "optimal retirement insurance", the "prodigal father problem", the "misguided Keynesian", the "optimal longevity insurance", the "government economizing transaction costs", and the "return on human capital investment". We also analyze four "narrative" theories of social security: the "chain letter theory", the "lump of labor theory", the "monopoly capitalism theory", and the "Sub-but-Nearly-Optimal policy response to private pensions theory". The political and efficiency explanations are compared with the international and historical facts and used to derive implications for replacing the typical pay-as-you-go system with a forced savings plan. Most of the explanations suggest that forced savings does not increase welfare, and may decrease it.

[Archives de la Parole]. , Buffaloes lost and found : a fable in Nimari Hindi from Khandwa (C.P) [i.e. Central Provinces] / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Naramdeo Brahman], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in Maria from Bastar (C.P) [i.e. Central Provinces] / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Kānā Māṛia], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh]