847 resultados para fórmula


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A difícil relação de Dom Pedro I com o Legislativo durante o seu reinado (1822 - 1831) é explicada frequentemente pelos historiadores como consequência do absolutismo do imperador e de seu desprezo a conceitos da então nascente ideologia liberal, como Constituição e divisão de poderes. No entanto, um fato político pouco destacado em estudos recentes sobre o período coloca essa imagem em cheque - a reforma ministerial de 1827, realizada pelo imperador, que resultou na nomeação de três integrantes da Câmara dos Deputados para postos-chave do poder Executivo. O fato foi visto como referência às políticas creditadas ao modelo em voga na Inglaterra, nação que para muitos havia alcançado um relacionamento harmonioso entre Executivo e Legislativo, por conta da alocação de deputados nas cadeiras dos ministérios. Com as nomeações, Dom Pedro I objetivava diminuir os conflitos políticos com a Câmara. Ao mesmo tempo, procurava fazer frente a deputados da oposição que atacavam as políticas de governo no Parlamento, o que sustenta a hipótese de que a habilidade retórica dos deputados nomeados teria sido uma causa importante para sua integração ao Executivo. Esta tese, defendida pelos primeiros historiadores, é retomada aqui, por meio da análise de dois conceitos - king-in-parliament e retórica -, desenvolvidos pelo político franco-suíço Benjamim Constant. O autor demonstra como foi criada a fórmula king-in-parliament na Inglaterra do século 18 e de que maneira a perceberam os políticos brasileiros durante o Primeiro Reinado. Por meio de fontes primárias, ele levanta os temas que fomentavam os debates na Câmara dos Deputados e mostra como se deu a participação dos parlamentares nomeados ao Ministério em defesa do governo imperial naquelas discussões. Para o autor, o estudo sobre o Gabinete de 20 de novembro de 1827 permite refutar a caracterização 'absolutista' que, em vários momentos, é impingida ao ..

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The objective of this study was to obtain a mathematical equation to estimate the leaf area of Panicum maximum using linear measures of leaf blade. Correlation studies were conducted involving the real leaf area (Sf), the main vein leaf length (C), and the maximum leaf width (L). The linear and geometric equations related to C provided good leaf area estimates. For practical reasons, the use of an equation involving only the C*L product is suggested. Thus, an estimate of P. maximum leaf area can be obtained by the equation Sf = 0.6058 (C*L), with the coefficient of determination R = 0.8586.

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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The brake system of a Formula SAE car has determinant character in the quality of the project. Any flaw in the design of the brakes, the vehicle is rejected for the competition. The project well done, and its smooth operation, depends on some variables that should be studied and linked to the brake components, as needed by the vehicle. After the calculations, the components were defined according to commercial availability. So it is interesting simulation of braking when the vehicle will be submitted before the implementation of the brake system, saving time and cost. This project also enable the comparison between components from different brands. This work shows the study of a method that would allow simulate and test the brake system in an upcoming project for a bench test

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Solid-state compounds of general formula LnL3.nH2O, in wich Ln represents lanthanum, lanthanides and yttrium, L is ketoprofen, and n = 0,5 (Pr, Sm, Tb), 1 (La, Eu, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu) e 1,5 (Ce, Nd, Gd, Yb, Y) were synthesized. Simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy and EDTA complexometry were employed to characterize these compounds. The TG-DTA and DSC curves provided information concerning the thermal behaviour and thermal decomposition of synthesized compounds. The experimental and theoretical infrared spectroscopic data suggested that ketoprofen acts as a bidentate ligand towards trivalent lanthanides and yttrium (III)

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O processo de envelhecimento origina uma série de alterações na pele, dentre elas as o estresse oxidativo e as discromias. O ácido kójico tem a capacidade de atuar no tratamento do envelhecimento cutâneo em virtude de sua atividade ferro-quelante e de promover a despigmentação da pele devido inibir a tirosinase, impedindo a formação da melanina. Sistemas de liberação controlada de substâncias ativas, como os sistemas líquido-cristalinos, tem a propriedade de modular a permeação cutânea de fármacos, além de melhorar a sua ação. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver e caracterizar um sistema líquido cristalino constituído por água e isonomanoato de cetoestearila (óleo), e estabilizado com o tensoativo álcool cetílico etoxilado e propoxilado contendo ácido kójico, avaliando sua permeação cutânea in vitro. A partir da construção de um diagrama de fases, foram selecionadas três formulações caracterizadas microscopicamente como CLs de fase hexagonal, denominada de A (35% O, 50 % T e 15% A), B (30% O, 50 % T e 20% A) e C (20% O, 50% T e 30% A), para prosseguir com o estudo, que consistiu na incorporação do ácido kójico na concentração de 2% e a realização dos ensaios de textura, bioadesão, reologia e de permeação e retenção cutânea in vitro. O ensaio de textura demonstrou que a formulação B com valores intermediários de água e fase oleosa apresentou valores intermediários de dureza, compressibilidade e adesividade, ideais para aplicação tópica. O ensaio de bioadesão mostrou que com o acréscimo de água na fórmula a força bioadesiva aumentou, o que pode melhorar a fixação do produto na pele do usuário. O ensaio reológico evidenciou que há aumento da viscosidade com acréscimo de água na formulação e que os sistemas analisados tratavam-se de fluidos pseudoplásticos com tixotropia tempo dependente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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On the field of the projects of hydraulic systems exists a lot of worries when we talk about the calculate of hydraulic pumps. In this case some facts must be considerate: length of tubes, fluid characteristics, height gauge, temperature, pressure, characteristics of tubes, flow required and others. For that mathematic calculates must be developed with the objective to optimize hydraulic pumps and agree to find an ideal machine (that don't requires more energy than necessary or less energy than it requires; that is the more critical case, cause exists the risk that the fluid pumped do not agree to become in your destiny). The wrong calculate of this machine can super-size its, bringing an excessive energy consumption. Actually it's an important subject because we are in the age of lack of energy what turn it more expensive. So the correct sizing of a hydraulic pump is connected with the fact that you have to uses the enough energy resources avoiding waste. The calculate of ideal pump in the pumping system is studied during years and a lot of specialists in this subject develop equations and theories to calculate its. Some researches study about this subject and all of them become to the same conclusion: to find the ideal pump we have to know the characteristics of fluid (cinematic viscosity), the required flow , overall yield (overall of motor x overall of pump) the high gauge or discharge pressure and the loss of repression. The pressure drop can be calculated with different theories: using Hazen-Williams, Darcy e Weisbach or Chézy (1775 - that starts the researches to calculate the pressure drop). Although the most used theory and what is most near to reality is the Darcy's equation. So, in this job the Darcy's equation were choice to calculate the drop pressure that consider what kind of flow we are studying: laminar or turbulent. The determination of the best pump to be used in the ... ( complete abstract click eletronic access below)

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This Final Paper had as it main goal to make a thermoanalytical study of lighter trivalent lanthanides (Lanthanum, Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium, Samarium and Europium) with the Ibuprofen ligand (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory) that have a general formula LnL3.nH2O, on solid state, where Ln are the Lanthanides, L is the Ibuprofen ligand and n = number of water molecules of hydration that went from 1,0 to all the compounds. In order to characterize this compounds, it has been used the thermoanalytical techniques TG-DTA (thermogravimetry - Diferential Thermal Analysis) and DSC (Diferential Scanning Calorimetry), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and complexometric titration with EDTA. Through the TG-DTA technique, it has been possible to set the thermal stability of the compounds, the number of thermal decomposition steps and temperatures that ocurred that also provided stoichiometry to the synthesized compounds. The DSC technique has shown the enthalpy of dehydration of the samarium and europium compounds, it was not possible to see it in the other compounds due to a endothermic peak on the DSC curve not being formed. In the case of neodymium, a thermal event ocurred, in which it could be a oxidative decarboxylation right after the dehydration. The infrared was utilised to study the carboxilate groups streches, and so, suggest a ligand metals compound coordination, that to this present paper has been a bidentade bridged coordenation. At last, the complexometric tritation was used to very the ammount of metal present in each compound, and so, verify if the proposed stoichiometry was according to the theory

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Physical activity is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk factors, being cardiorespiratory fitness a major component of physical activity health related. Body fatness and sarcopenia are related to sedentary lifestyle leading to proinflammatory stress and lower cadiorespiratory capacity. This study aimed correlates C-reactive protein with cardiorespiratory fitness, analyzing the influences of anthropometrics variables and metabolic syndrome (MS) presence. the cross-sectional retrospective study included baseline data of 194 adults (62 male and 132 female), 53,74 ± 8,77 years, clinically and ethically selected for a lifestyle modification program. Total cholesterol (TC) and cholesterol lipoprotein fractions, triglycerides (TG) and glucose was dosed by dry chemistry (Vitros® system, Johnson & Johnson). Blood leukocytes was quantified by automatic cell counter (Coulter ABX®, Horiba). LDL-cholesterol was obtained by Friedwald formula. Serum ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (US-CRP) was accessed by the immunochemoluminescence method (Immulite 2000®, DPC Medlab). Weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Muscular mass and fat mass were obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis (impedancemeter Quantum BIA-101Q®, Clinton Township). Arterial blood pressure was checked by auscultatory method and cardiorespiratory fitness was determined by ergoespirometric test (Balke protocol). The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according NCEP – ATP III (2001), following recommendations of American Diabetes Association (2004). Pearson’s correlation crude and adjusted for confounders variables with p<0,05. The prevalence of MS was 30.4%. Crude correlation shows hsCRP was correlated inverse and significantly with VO2max (r= -0.21; p=-0.003) ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)