Análise da influência dos sistemas de retenção para overdentures implanto-retidas e da espessura e resiliência da fibromucosa na distribuição interna das tensões, através do método de elementos finitos bidimensional

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Transporte eletrônico em nanofitas de grafeno sob a influência de fatores externos, via primeiros princípios

O grafeno é a primeira estrutura bidimensional que se obteve experimentalmente. Sua rede cristalina é uma rede hexagonal, conhecida como "Favo de Mel", possui apenas um átomo de espessura. Cortes em folhas de grafeno, privilegiando determinada direção, geram as chamadas nanofitas de grafeno. Embora o grafeno se comporte como um metal, é sabido que as nanofitas podem apresentar comportamentos semicondutor, metálico ou semimetálico, dependendo da direção de corte e/ou largura da fita. No caso de nanofitas semicondutoras, a largura da banda proibida (band gap), entre outros fatores, depende da largura da nanofita. Neste trabalho adotou-se métodos de primeiros princípios como o DFT (Density Functional Theory), afim de se obter as características tais como curvas de dispersão para nanofitas. Neste trabalho, primeiramente, são apresentados diagramas de bandas de energia e curvas de densidade de estados para nanofitas de grafeno semicondutoras, de diferentes larguras, e na ausência de influências externas. Utilizou-se métodos de primeiros princípios para a obtenção destas curvas e o método das funções de Green do Não Equilíbrio para o transporte eletrônico. Posteriormente foi investigado a influência da hidrogenização, temperatura e tensão mecânica sobre sistema, isso além, de se estudar o comportamento de transporte eletrônico com e sem influência destes fatores externos. Vale ressaltar que as nanofitas de grafeno apresentam possibilidades reais de aplicação em nanodispositivos eletrônicos, a exemplo de nanodiodos e nanotransistores. Por esse motivo, é importante se ter o entendimento de como os fatores externos alteram as propriedades de tal material, pois assim, espera-se que as propriedades de dispositivos eletrônicos também sejam influenciadas da mesma maneira que as nanofitas.

Estudo das feições lineares observadas em dados aeromagnéticos da Bacia do Solimões a partir de imagens digitais de sombreamento do relevo anômalo total

A Bacia do Solimões é caracterizada por um padrão magnético complexo, expresso ao longo de toda sua extensão, e produzido pela superposição de anomalias magnéticas que se apresentam sob a forma de feições lineares. Tais feições refletem as diferentes atividades tectônicas que atuaram na Região Amazônica através do Pré-Cambriano e Fanerozóico. Neste trabalho, foi aplicado nos dados aeromagnéticos da Bacia do Solimões um método de processamento de imagens digitais de sombreamento do relevo magnético anômalo total que, dadas suas características metodológicas, permitindo utilizá-lo como um filtro direcional, possibilitou a definição de aspectos relevantes no contexto das relações entre os lineamentos magnéticos E/W, NE/SW, e NW/SE. Nesse sentido, foram identificados padrões de lineamentos magnéticos que refletem a existência de zonas de cisalhamento transcorrentes dextrais, orientadas preferencialmente na direção E/W. A interação entre os diversos segmentos transcorrentes promoveu o desenvolvimento de um regime predominantemente transpressivo, representado por falhas reversas associadas aos lineamentos magnéticos E/W e NE/SW; e duplexes direcionais formando falhas em flor positivas e negativas associadas, respectivamente, aos lineamentos magnéticos orientados na direção N70-80E e N70-80W. A análise quantitativa permitiu explicar dois aspectos importantes em relação às feições lineares observadas nas imagens digitais. O primeiro mostra, através de modelamentos baseados na superposição de prismas bidimensionais, que estas feições lineares magnéticas podem ser explicadas pela superposição de fontes profundas intraembasamento altamente magnéticas, e fontes rasas de alta frequência, sendo estas associadas a falhas reversas ao longo dos níveis de diabásio, presentes em forma de intrusões nos sedimentos paleozóicos da Bacia do Solimões. O segundo aspecto, baseado na utilização dos conceitos da cross-covariância, constata a presença de 'offsets' dextrais, associados aos lineamentos magnéticos NE—SW, ao longo da direção E—W. Este fato mostra, quantitativamente, que o padrão magnético desta região pode ser explicado pela presença de zonas de cisalhamento transcorrestes dextrais, cujos processos tectônicos associados foram fortemente condicionados por zonas de fraquezas pré-existentes (Pré-Cambrianas, Paleozóicas) durante o Mesozóico e Cenozóico.

Avaliação da influência da inclinação do rebordo e localização do implante na associação de uma PPR classe I mandibular ao implante pelo método dos elementos finitos

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Análise através do método dos elementos finitos das tensões desenvolvidas no reborbo alveolar sob as próteses totais com três diferentes conceitos oclusais

Pós-graduação em Reabilitação Oral - FOAR

A statistical model of aggregate fragmentation

Processo FAPESP: 11/08171-3

Contact parameters in two dimensions for general three-body systems

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Two-and tridimensional analysis of periapical repair after endodontic surgery

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate repair after endodontic surgery using two- and tridimensional imaging methods. Materials and methods Periapical radiographs and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were performed before the surgeries and after 48 h (baseline), 4 months, and 8 months. The area (square millimeters) of periapical lesions in CBCT and in radiographs was compared regarding the percentage of repair. In the CBCT, multiple areas were converted to volume. Repeated-measures analyses and paired t tests (α=0.05) were used to compare the methods. Correlation coefficients were calculated between the periods of evaluation within the CBCT volumetric analysis. Bland-Altman plots were used to compare the methods, based on the 95 % limits of agreement for the difference of the means. Results Baseline showed a larger lesion volume (192.54 mm3 ) than 4-month (79.79 mm3 ) and 8-month (47.51 mm3 ) periods. No differences were found in the percentage of repair in the first 4 months and after 8 months. The volumetric analysis showed a higher percentage of repair when the first and last 4 months were compared. No differences were found in the percentage of repair by area in the CBCTs. Repair of 73 % was obtained after 8 months. Similar results were observed by the Bland-Altman agreement analyses. Conclusions The percentage of repair varied after 8 months, when lower values were obtained by volumetric evaluation. Clinical relevance Considering the outcome at follow-up periods over 4 months, tridimensional evaluation by CBCT is more capable of determining the absence of periapical bone repair than conventional two-dimensional radiographs. Therefore, the use of CBCT would be suggested only for more complex cases with slower evolution of repair or for the association of factors that make prognosis difficult after surgery.

Immediate and long-term effects of psychological stress during adolescence in cardiovascular function: comparison of homotypic vs heterotypic stress regimens

Adolescence has been proposed as an ontogenic period of vulnerability to stress. Nevertheless, the impact of stressful events during adolescence in cardiovascular activity is poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate and long-lasting effects of exposure to stressful events during adolescence in cardiovascular function of rats. To this end, we compared the impact of 10-days exposure to two chronic stress protocols: the repeated restraint stress (RRS, homotypic) and chronic variable stress (CVS, heterotypic). Independent groups of animals were tested 24 h (immediate) or three weeks (long-lasting) following completion of stress period. Exposure to CVS, but not RRS, during adolescence increased basal HR values without affecting arterial pressure, which was followed by augmented power of oscillatory component at low frequency (sympathetic-related) of the pulse interval (PI). RRS enhanced variance of the PI with an increase in the power of both low and high (parasympathetic-related) frequency components. RRS also increased the baroreflex gain. Neither RRS nor CVS affected systolic arterial pressure variability. The RRS-evoked changes in PI variability were long-lasting and persisted into adulthood while all alterations evoked by the CVS were reversed in adulthood. These findings indicate a stress type-specific influence in immediate and long-term effects of stress during adolescence in cardiovascular function. While immediate changes in cardiovascular function were mainly observed following CVS, long-lasting autonomic consequences in adulthood were observed only in animals exposed to RRS during adolescence.

Weakly bound states of two- and three-boson systems in the crossover from two to three dimensions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A dissipative Fermi-Ulam model under two different kinds of dissipation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Numerical analysis of different methods to calculate residual stresses in thin films based on instrumented indentation data

In this work, different methods to estimate the value of thin film residual stresses using instrumented indentation data were analyzed. This study considered procedures proposed in the literature, as well as a modification on one of these methods and a new approach based on the effect of residual stress on the value of hardness calculated via the Oliver and Pharr method. The analysis of these methods was centered on an axisymmetric two-dimensional finite element model, which was developed to simulate instrumented indentation testing of thin ceramic films deposited onto hard steel substrates. Simulations were conducted varying the level of film residual stress, film strain hardening exponent, film yield strength, and film Poisson's ratio. Different ratios of maximum penetration depth h(max) over film thickness t were also considered, including h/t = 0.04, for which the contribution of the substrate in the mechanical response of the system is not significant. Residual stresses were then calculated following the procedures mentioned above and compared with the values used as input in the numerical simulations. In general, results indicate the difference that each method provides with respect to the input values depends on the conditions studied. The method by Suresh and Giannakopoulos consistently overestimated the values when stresses were compressive. The method provided by Wang et al. has shown less dependence on h/t than the others.

Three dimensional Lifshitz black hole and the Korteweg-de Vries equation

We consider a solution of three dimensional New Massive Gravity with a negative cosmological constant and use the AdS/CTF correspondence to inquire about the equivalent two dimensional model at the boundary. We conclude that there should be a close relation of the theory with the Korteweg-de Vries equation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V..All rights reserved.

Proteomic analysis of Porphyromonas gingivalis exposed to nicotine and cotinine

Cogo K, de Andrade A, Labate CA, Bergamaschi CC, Berto LA, Franco GCN, Goncalves RB, Groppo FC. Proteomic analysis of Porphyromonas gingivalis exposed to nicotine and cotinine. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 766775. (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: Smokers are more predisposed than nonsmokers to infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the most important pathogens involved in the onset and development of periodontitis. It has also been observed that tobacco, and tobacco derivatives such as nicotine and cotinine, can induce modifications to P. gingivalis virulence. However, the effect of the major compounds derived from cigarettes on expression of protein by P.gingivalis is poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of nicotine and cotinine on the P.gingivalis proteomic profile. Material and Methods: Total proteins of P gingivalis exposed to nicotine and cotinine were extracted and separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Proteins differentially expressed were successfully identified through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and primary sequence databases using MASCOT search engine, and gene ontology was carried out using DAVID tools. Results: Of the approximately 410 protein spots that were reproducibly detected on each gel, 23 were differentially expressed in at least one of the treatments. A particular increase was seen in proteins involved in metabolism, virulence and acquisition of peptides, protein synthesis and folding, transcription and oxidative stress. Few proteins showed significant decreases in expression; those that did are involved in cell envelope biosynthesis and proteolysis and also in metabolism. Conclusion: Our results characterized the changes in the proteome of P.gingivalis following exposure to nicotine and cotinine, suggesting that these substances may modulate, with minor changes, protein expression. The present study is, in part, a step toward understanding the potential smokepathogen interaction that may occur in smokers with periodontitis.

Anomalous centrality evolution of two-particle angular correlations from Au-Au collisions at root s(NN)=62 and 200 GeV

We present two-dimensional (2D) two-particle angular correlations measured with the STAR detector on relative pseudorapidity eta and azimuth phi for charged particles from Au-Au collisions at root s(NN) = 62 and 200 GeV with transverse momentum p(t) >= 0.15 GeV/c, vertical bar eta vertical bar <= 1, and 2 pi in azimuth. Observed correlations include a same-side (relative azimuth <pi/2) 2D peak, a closely related away-side azimuth dipole, and an azimuth quadrupole conventionally associated with elliptic flow. The same-side 2D peak and away-side dipole are explained by semihard parton scattering and fragmentation (minijets) in proton-proton and peripheral nucleus-nucleus collisions. Those structures follow N-N binary-collision scaling in Au-Au collisions until midcentrality, where a transition to a qualitatively different centrality trend occurs within one 10% centrality bin. Above the transition point the number of same-side and away-side correlated pairs increases rapidly relative to binary-collision scaling, the eta width of the same-side 2D peak also increases rapidly (eta elongation), and the phi width actually decreases significantly. Those centrality trends are in marked contrast with conventional expectations for jet quenching in a dense medium. The observed centrality trends are compared to perturbative QCD predictions computed in HIJING, which serve as a theoretical baseline, and to the expected trends for semihard parton scattering and fragmentation in a thermalized opaque medium predicted by theoretical calculations and phenomenological models. We are unable to reconcile a semihard parton scattering and fragmentation origin for the observed correlation structure and centrality trends with heavy-ion collision scenarios that invoke rapid parton thermalization. If the collision system turns out to be effectively opaque to few-GeV partons the present observations would be inconsistent with the minijet picture discussed here. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.064902