Application of a building cost estimation model to the appraisal of the churches damaged by earthquakes in Lorca (Spain)

The objective of this paper is the development of a building cost estimation model whose purpose is to quickly and precisely evaluate rebuilding costs for historic heritage buildings affected by catastrophic events. Specifically, this study will be applied to the monumental buildings owned by the Catholic Church that were affected by two earthquakes on May 11, 2011 in the town of Lorca. To estimate the initial total replacement cost new, calculation model will be applied which, on the one hand, will use two-dimensional metric exterior parameters and, on the other, three-dimensional interior cubic parameters. Based on the total of the analyzed buildings, and considering damage caused by the seismic event, the final reconstruction cost for the building units ruined by the earthquakes can be estimated. The proposed calculation model can also be applied to other emergency scenarios and situations for the quick estimation of construction costs necessary for rebuilding historic heritage buildings which have been affected by catastrophic events that deteriorate or ruin their structural or constructive configuration.

GRAÇA E RECIPROCIDADE EM UM PROJETO ECONÔMICO DE INSPIRAÇÃO RELIGIOSA: A ECONOMIA DE COMUNHÃO

A presente pesquisa teórica tem como objetivo principal analisar a dimensão da solidariedade do projeto da Economia de Comunhão. Surgido no âmbito do Movimento dos Focolares movimento carismático da Igreja Católica , o projeto foi inspirado por sua líder espiritual, Chiara Lubich, em 1991, no Brasil. A partir de empresas conduzidas por empresários competentes e com forte motivação ética, Lubich formula seu projeto de nova forma de economia solidária como resposta às graves desigualdades sociais da realidade brasileira. A solidariedade proposta no projeto é ativada a partir de princípios que se integram e compenetram: o da gratuidade e o da reciprocidade. A pesquisa tem como objetivo secundário verificar até que ponto essa concepção de solidariedade tem plausibilidade teórica e possibilidade de efetivação no plano macroeconômico e macrossocial, dominado pelo sistema capitalista de cunho neoliberal. Foi adotada uma metodologia dialética não- linear que leva em conta a complexidade da realidade humana e socioeconômica, bem como a atual configuração global do capitalismo, o autor sustenta a tese da inviabilidade da Economia de Comunhão. Sua contribuição, segundo o autor, é valiosa pela sua concepção antropológica, visando a superação da visão competitiva do ser humano, inerente à cultura ocidental e pela plausibilidade da ativação de mais de um princípio organizativo para o funcionamento da economia e da sociedade.(AU)

GRAÇA E RECIPROCIDADE EM UM PROJETO ECONÔMICO DE INSPIRAÇÃO RELIGIOSA: A ECONOMIA DE COMUNHÃO

A presente pesquisa teórica tem como objetivo principal analisar a dimensão da solidariedade do projeto da Economia de Comunhão. Surgido no âmbito do Movimento dos Focolares movimento carismático da Igreja Católica , o projeto foi inspirado por sua líder espiritual, Chiara Lubich, em 1991, no Brasil. A partir de empresas conduzidas por empresários competentes e com forte motivação ética, Lubich formula seu projeto de nova forma de economia solidária como resposta às graves desigualdades sociais da realidade brasileira. A solidariedade proposta no projeto é ativada a partir de princípios que se integram e compenetram: o da gratuidade e o da reciprocidade. A pesquisa tem como objetivo secundário verificar até que ponto essa concepção de solidariedade tem plausibilidade teórica e possibilidade de efetivação no plano macroeconômico e macrossocial, dominado pelo sistema capitalista de cunho neoliberal. Foi adotada uma metodologia dialética não- linear que leva em conta a complexidade da realidade humana e socioeconômica, bem como a atual configuração global do capitalismo, o autor sustenta a tese da inviabilidade da Economia de Comunhão. Sua contribuição, segundo o autor, é valiosa pela sua concepção antropológica, visando a superação da visão competitiva do ser humano, inerente à cultura ocidental e pela plausibilidade da ativação de mais de um princípio organizativo para o funcionamento da economia e da sociedade.(AU)

Subsidence damage assessment of a Gothic church using differential interferometry and field data

The Santas Justa and Rufina Gothic church (fourteenth century) has suffered several physical, mechanical, chemical, and biochemical types of pathologies along its history: rock alveolization, efflorescence, biological activity, and capillary ascent of groundwater. However, during the last two decades, a new phenomenon has seriously affected the church: ground subsidence caused by aquifer overexploitation. Subsidence is a process that affects the whole Vega Baja of the Segura River basin and consists of gradual sinking in the ground surface caused by soil consolidation due to a pore pressure decrease. This phenomenon has been studied by differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry techniques, which illustrate settlements up to 100 mm for the 1993–2009 period for the whole Orihuela city. Although no differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry information is available for the church due to the loss of interferometric coherence, the spatial analysis of nearby deformation combined with fieldwork has advanced the current understanding on the mechanisms that affect the Santas Justa and Rufina church. These results show the potential interest and the limitations of using this remote sensing technique as a complementary tool for the forensic analysis of building structures.

[Calculation of student exercises by class, 1790]

One leaf containing unidentified handwritten calculations arranged by class, and for the senior class noting differences in quarters according to "vote" or "regulation." Presumably the calculations reflect the number of academic exercises required of each class.

Popery a complex falsehood: or an attempt to clear and evidence, that it is so, in a lecture had at Harvard College in Cambridge, New England, on May 10th, 1769

The hand-sewn notebook contains a 30-page manuscript draft of the Dudleian lecture delivered by Samuel Mather on May 10, 1769 at Harvard College. The sermon begins with the Biblical text 2 Thess. 11:11, 12. The copy includes a small number of edits and struck-out words. The item has unattached pages and is in fragile condition. The lecture was never published.

Africa, Catholic Missions and Colonial Possessions, 1889 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Tiré de l'ouvrage les missions catholiques d'Afrique en 1889, par le Baron Léon Bethune. It was published by Société de St. Augustin in 1889. Scale 1:20,000,000. Map in French.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to a non-standard 'World Sinusoidal' projection with the central meridian at 20 degrees east. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, colonial possessions, ecclesiastical districts, and more. Relief is shown by hachures. Includes index.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection and the Harvard University Library as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Organizing Our World: Sponsored Exploration and Scientific Discovery in the Modern Age. Maps selected for the project correspond to various expeditions and represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

L'évolution des voix/voies de femmes dans leurs écrits sur l'Église aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles

Feminist movements have allowed many female authors to become decisive and influential figures in literary history by studying their experiences, voices and forms of resistance. This thesis, however, focuses specifically on religious women, those seeking divine comfort outside the confines of institutional laws, or those who, out of protest, are caught in the middle. Founded on historical and feminist perspectives, this study examines the heterodox resistance of six French women living within or outside of Church boundaries during the 17th and 18th centuries: two eras that are particularly significant for women’s progress and modernity. This work strives to demonstrate how these women, doubly subjected to Church discourse and that of society, managed to live out their vocation (female and Christian) and make social, cultural and religious statements that contributed to changing the place of women in society. It aims to grasp the similarities and differences between the actions and ideas of women belonging to both the religious and secular spheres. Regardless of the century, the space and their background, women resist to masculine, patriarchal, ecclesial, political and social mediation and institutions. In locating examples of how they oppose the practices, rules and constraints that are imposed upon them, as well as of their exclusion from the socio-political space, this thesis also seeks to identify epistemological changes that mark the transition from the 17th to the 18th century. This thesis firstly outlines the necessary feminist theory upon which the project is based before identifying the evolution of women’s positions within the socio-ideological and political framework in which they lived. The questions of confession and spiritual direction are of particular interest since they serve as prime examples of masculine mediation and its issues and consequences – most notably the control of the female body and mind. The illustration of bodily metamorphoses bear testament to ideological changes, cultural awareness and female subjectivity, just as the scriptural inscriptions of unorthodox ideas and writing. The female body, both object and subject of the quest for individual and collective liberties, attests, in this way, to the movement towards Enlightenment values of freedom and justice.

Supporting the Revolution: America, Democracy, and the End of the Cold War in Poland, 1981-1989. ACES Working Paper (Report) No. 8, 2007

Early on the morning of December 13, 1981, General Wojciech Jaruzelski, the leader of the communist Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR), declared martial law, ending the so-called "Polish Crisis," which began with the creation of the Independent Free Trade Union "Solidamosc" in August 1980. Over the next eight years, the Communist government and the opposition struggled over power, culminating in 1989 with the creation of a Solidamosc-led government which ended fifty years of Communist rule in Poland and led the way to further democratic revolutions throughout Eastern Europe. The purpose of this dissertation is to utilize newly available and underutilized archival sources as well as oral history interviews, from both international and American perspectives, to fully chronicle American policy toward Poland from the declaration of martial law until the creation of the Solidarnosc government. Rather than explaining Polish-American relations in bilateral terms, the dissertation illuminates the complex web of influences that determined American policy in Washington and affected its implementation within Poland. This includes descriptions of internal tensions within the Reagan administration, differences between American decisions in Washington and implementation in Warsaw, lobbying from Polish-American groups, clashes between Capitol Hill and the White House, coordination with American labor organizations to support Solidarnosc, disagreements with West European allies in NATO and international financial organizations, cooperation with the Vatican and the Polish Catholic Church, synchronization with American humanitarian organizations working in Poland, limitations caused by the realities of Soviet power in Eastern Europe, and complications caused by domestic Polish concerns. By taking a broad view of American policy and highlighting internal Polish decisions, with both the Communist government and the democratic opposition, the dissertation provides concrete examples of America's role in Poland's transformation, arguing, however, that this role was very limited. These conclusions are relevant to arguments about the end of the Cold War, the nature of American power, as well as current discussions about possibilities to promote democracy within hostile regimes.

The two sides of the school question : as set forth at the annual meeting of the National Educational Association, held at Nashville, Tennessee, July, 1889 /

Mode of access: Internet.

The Catholic spirit in America,

Mode of access: Internet.

Zwölf Predigten und Betrachtungen über mehrere der wichtigsten heilswahrheiten : insbesondere über das Verhältnis der Menschwerdung des Sohnes Gottes zu unsrer Erlösung /

Mode of access: Internet.

Predigten auf die Feste des katholischen Kirchenjahres /

Mode of access: Internet.

The doctrines and discipline of the African Methodist Episcopal Church /

Includes index.