Brazilian National School of Public Administration

The Brazilian National School of Public Administration (Escola Nacional de Administra????o P??blica ??? ENAP) is a public foundation linked to the Ministry of Planning, Budget and Management. Founded in 1986, its core mission is ???to develop competencies of civil servants in order to enhance government capacity for managing public policies???. To fulfill its mission, a wide program of learning and continued education is offered to public policy managers as well as e-learning and customized courses, in accordance to governmental and institutional strategic objectives. ENAP???s courses are framed according to governmental strategic demands for social inclusion, poverty reduction as well as economic development in order to strengthen the leading South American democracy. The range and diversity of its programs mirrors the challenges of deep changes in the jobs market and the work environment, faced by the current 550,000 federal civil servants and the over 7,000,000 state and municipal civil servants in Brazil, as last counted in 2006.

Structure formation in an expanding universe : I José Plínio Baptista School of Cosmology

José Plínio Baptista School of Cosmology (1. : 2012 : Anchieta, ES). Seminário realizado no período de 14 a 19 de outubro de 2012.

Desempenho acadêmico e sistema de cotas : um estudo sobre o rendimento dos alunos cotistas e não cotistas da Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo

A adoção da ação afirmativa denominada cotas nas universidades federais - reserva de vagas para estudantes que tenham cursado integralmente o ensino médio em escolas públicas - continua sendo polêmica, mesmo após a sanção da Lei nº.12.711 de 2012, o que torna oportuna a contribuição aos estudos a respeito da utilização desse sistema nas universidades públicas brasileiras. Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o desempenho acadêmico de alunos cotistas do Centro de Ciências Jurídicas e Econômicas e do Centro Tecnológico da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo – UFES, no período de 2008 a 2013, considerando as duas entradas anuais nos referidos cursos. O presente estudo analisou o aproveitamento acadêmico dos alunos de 15 cursos de graduação ofertados pelos Centros nominados buscando saber em quais cursos e disciplinas existem diferenças significativas de desempenho, a partir do coeficiente de rendimento acadêmico (CRA) e da média final das disciplinas cursadas por alunos cotistas e não cotistas, visando a propor ações institucionais para a redução dessas diferenças. Na pesquisa, de caráter quantitativo, utilizou-se o método estatístico de análise de variância ANOVA. A partir das análises realizadas foi possível inferir a existência de diferenças de rendimento nos cursos de engenharia,principalmente em disciplinas de cálculo e álgebra. O curso de Direito, por sua vez, apresentou diferença significativa de desempenho, não obstante as médias não estarem abaixo do índice necessário para a aprovação. Quando a comparação é feita considerando o sexo, verificou-se no curso de Ciências Econômicas e Ciências da Computação uma disparidade significativa de rendimento em favor dos alunos do sexo feminino cotistas em detrimento dos não cotistas do mesmo sexo.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida em crianças e adolescentes com câncer

Trata-se de um estudo sobre avaliação da qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes com câncer que objetivou-se a produção de duas propostas de artigo. A primeira proposta de artigo teve como objetivo conhecer as médias dos escores geral ou por dimensões encontrados nos estudos realizados os quais utilizaram o Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.0 Cancer Module. Aplicou-se a estratégia de busca nas bases Scopus, Web of Science, Bireme, PsycoInfo e a EBSCO host. Encontrou-se 210 resumos e títulos, excluiu-se 189 por duplicidade e por não atender aos critérios de inclusão. Analisou-se e elegeu-se 21 para compor o estudo. Todos os artigos publicados na língua inglesa, em sua maioria na América (47,6%) e no período de 2011 a 2013 (61,9%), utilizaram-se do questionário para a coleta de dados tanto para criança e adolescentes quanto para seus pais na maioria dos artigos (61,9%). A variação dos escores por dimensões e geral provavelmente esteve relacionada com a seleção dos grupos de comparação pois, pode-se perceber a diversidade dos critérios de inclusão e das variáveis para a análise em cada estudo. Concluiu-se que as médias dos escores por dimensões e geral não alcançaram valores abaixo de 30 e os maiores escores por dimensões estão acima de 80. Sugere-se que a dimensão ansiedade frente ao tratamento, no relato das crianças, pode ter obtido os maiores escores dentro de cada estudo. A segunda proposta de artigo objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes com câncer em tratamento ou em acompanhamento e verificar associações com as variáveis socioeconômicas e clínicas. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 98 crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico de câncer de uma unidade de referência em oncologia pediátrica no estado do Espírito Santo - Brasil. Aplicou-se o questionário PedsQLTM e coletou-se informações sociodemográficas e clínicas. A amostra caracterizou-se com predominância do sexo masculino, de faixa etária de 08 a 12 anos, de classe econômica C e com diagnóstico de leucemia. Houve associação entre a faixa etária nas médias escores de 5 das 8 dimensões da avaliação da qualidade de vida. Não houveram diferenças estatisticamente significante em nenhuma das dimensões nem no escore total da qualidade de vida com as variáveis sexo da criança e adolescente, tipo de tumor, classe econômica e a escolaridade da mãe. Concluiu-se que faixa etária, o status do tratamento e frequentar a escola são fatores que modificam a avaliação qualidade de vida no relato das crianças e adolescentes, aumentando ou diminuindo as dificuldades frente ao tratamento e a doença.

South-South relations and the English School of International Relations: Chinese and Brazilian ideas and involvement in Sub-Saharan Africa

The rise of large developing countries has led to considerable discussions of re-balancing global relations and giving greater priority to understanding South-South relations. This paper, in exploring the central ideas of Chinese and Brazilian foreign policy and the behavior of these two rising Southern countries toward Sub-Saharan Africa, argues that the English School of International Relations is well suited to understanding the intentions and actions that characterize South-South relations.

A comparison of the effects of propofol and thiopental on tear production in dogs

The tear film plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of the ocular suface. During general anesthesia, tear production is considerably reduced, which requires care to prevent adverse effects that result in diseases of these structures. Studies comparing the effects of induction of anaesthesia with thiopental and propofol on tear production have not been carried out yet. Because these drugs are used in veterinary medicine, we decided to evaluate the tear production in 30 dogs undergoing experimental surgery as well as routine procedures at the veterinary hospital of Federal University of Viçosa. Patients were divided into two groups of equal number. All animals were sedated with clorpromazine and maintained with isoflurane in diluted oxygen. Group 1 was induced with thiopental whereas group 2 with propofol. Schirmer tear test 1 was performed before sedation (T0), 15 minutes after sedation (T1) and 10 minutes after induction of anesthesia (T2) with the drug chosen for one of the groups. There was a significant decrease in tear production for both drugs, but no significant statistical differences were found between them. Thus, considering the results and the way in which the study was conducted, we suggest protecting the cornea and conjunctiva of patients during anesthesia using any of the drugs here evaluated.

Comparison of pupil diameter and tear production in dogs treated with acepromazine, tramadol and their combination

Some ophthalmic surgeries require induction of mydriasis, however, drugs traditionally used for this purpose significantly reduces tear production. To evaluate the effect of acepromazine and tramadol, used alone or in combination, on pupil diameter, tear production, heart and respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure and rectal temperature, these drugs were administered to seven clinically normal dogs divided into three experimental groups (G1 - acepromazine; G2 - tramadol; G3 - tramadol + acepromazine) that differed only in the sedation protocol. Parameters were measured in four experimental moments. Miosis occurred in G1, in addition to reduced tear production and respiratory rate. No significant changes were found in the parameters assessed in G2, whereas in G3, there was decrease in tear production of the right eye, decrease in the respiratory rate and rectal temperature. Tramadol proved to be a drug suitable for pre-anesthetic procedures that require the maintenance of pupil diameter and keeps the tear production within normal parameters. However, the use of acepromazine alone or in combination with tramadol requires protection of the patient's eye surface to prevent the occurrence of undesirable ophthalmic changes.

Comparison of different methods for the determination of total organic carbon and humic substances in Brazilian soils

ABSTRACTAiming to compare three different methods for the determination of organic carbon (OC) in the soil and fractions of humic substances, seventeen Brazilian soil samples of different classes and textures were evaluated. Amounts of OC in the soil samples and the humic fractions were measured by the dichromate-oxidation method, with and without external heating in a digestion block at 130 °C for 30 min; by the loss-on-ignition method at 450 °C during 5 h and at 600 °C during 6 h; and by the dry combustion method. Dry combustion was used as reference in order to measure the efficiency of the other methods. Soil OC measured by the dichromate-oxidation method with external heating had the highest efficiency and the best results comparing to the reference method. When external heating was not used, the mean recovery efficiency dropped to 71%. The amount of OC was overestimated by the loss-on-ignition methods. Regression equations obtained between total OC contents of the reference method and those of the other methods showed relatively good adjustment, but all intercepts were different from zero (p < 0.01), which suggests that more accuracy can be obtained using not one single correction factor, but considering also the intercept. The Walkley-Black method underestimated the OC contents of the humic fractions, which was associated with the partial oxidation of the humin fraction. Better results were obtained when external heating was used. For the organic matter fractions, the OC in the humic and fulvic acid fractions can be determined without external heating if the reference method is not available, but the humin fraction requires the external heating.

Comparison of methods for classification of the coefficient of variation in papaya

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to study the distribution of values of the coefficient of variation (CV) in the experiments of papaya crop (Carica papaya L.) by proposing ranges to guide researchers in their evaluation for different characters in the field. The data used in this study were obtained by bibliographical review in Brazilian journals, dissertations and thesis. This study considered the following characters: diameter of the stalk, insertion height of the first fruit, plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit biomass, fruit length, equatorial diameter of the fruit, pulp thickness, fruit firmness, soluble solids and internal cavity diameter, from which, value ranges were obtained for the CV values for each character, based on the methodology proposed by Garcia, Costa and by the standard classification of Pimentel-Gomes. The results obtained in this study indicated that ranges of CV values were different among various characters, presenting a large variation, which justifies the necessity of using specific evaluation range for each character. In addition, the use of classification ranges obtained from methodology of Costa is recommended.

Accuracy Comparison of Implant Impression Techniques: A Systematic Review

Background: Several studies link the seamless fit of implant-supported prosthesis with the accuracy of the dental impression technique obtained during acquisition. In addition, factors such as implant angulation and coping shape contribute to implant misfit. Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the most accurate impression technique and factors affecting the impression accuracy. Material and Methods: A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted analyzing articles published between 2009 and 2013. The following search terms were used: implant impression, impression accuracy, and implant misfit.A total of 417 articles were identified; 32 were selected for review. Results: All 32 selected studies refer to in vitro studies. Fourteen articles compare open and closed impression technique, 8 advocate the open technique, and 6 report similar results. Other 14 articles evaluate splinted and non-splinted techniques; all advocating the splinted technique. Polyether material usage was reported in nine; six studies tested vinyl polysiloxane and one study used irreversible hydrocolloid. Eight studies evaluated different copings designs. Intraoral optical devices were compared in four studies. Conclusions: The most accurate results were achieved with two configurations: (1) the optical intraoral system with powder and (2) the open technique with splinted squared transfer copings, using polyether as impression material.

International Summer School of Museology

Cadernos de Sociomuseologia Centro de Estudos de Sociomuseologia

Maus tratos na infância e relação com a memória, a afectidade negativa e positiva

RESUMO: A presente investigação tem por objectivo estudar a relação entre os maus tratos na infância, a memória, e a afectividade negativa e positiva, em jovens residentes (N=55) em diversos LIJ e RA de duas Instituições da Grande Lisboa, comparando-os com um grupo de controlo (N= 39), de duas Escolas, uma Básica e outra Secundária, também da Grande Lisboa. Foram recolhidas respostas de 47 rapazes e 47 raparigas entre os 12 e os 16 anos, com uma média etária de 14.47 (DP= 1.37). As medidas utilizadas foram a Figura Complexa de Rey, para avaliação da Memória e o PANAS C, para a Afectividade Negativa e Positiva. A análise dos dados permitiu concluir que existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os dois grupos para as dimensões em estudo, tendo piores resultados os jovens que sofreram maus tratos na infância o que corrobora a literatura sobre os danos causados por aqueles, a nível do sistema límbico, sede da afectividade e da memória. ABSTRACT: The present investigation aims at studying the relation between maltreatment in childhood, memory, negative and positive affectivity in youngsters (N=55) living in several Childhood and Youth Homes, as well as in Host Residences of two Institutions located in Greater Lisbon, in comparison to a control group (N=39) of two Schools, an Elementary School and a High School, also located in Greater Lisbon. Answers have been collected from 47 boys and 47 girls, between 12 and 16 years old, with an average range of 14.47 years old (SD= 1.37). The measures used were the Rey Complex Figure, for Memory assessment and PANAS C, for Positive and Negative Affectivity. The data analysis has enabled to conclude that there are statistically significant differences between these two groups for the dimensions in study, having worst results the youngsters that have suffered from maltreatment, confirming the reading about damages caused by it, at limbic system level, the seat of affectivity and memory.

Comparison of body fat content and distribution of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy patients versus healthy subjects

The deposition of amyloid fibers at the peripheral nervous system can induce motor neuropathy in Familial Amiloidotic Polyneuropethy (FAP) patients. This produces progressive reductions in functional capacity. The only treatment for FAP is a liver transplant, followed by aggressive medication that can affect patients' metabolism. To our knowledge, there are no data on body fat distribution or comparison between healthy and FAP subjects, which may be important for clinical assessment and management of this disease. PURPOSE: To analyze body fat content and distribution between FAP patients and healthy subjects. METHODS: Body fat content and distribution were measured through Double Energy X-ray Densitometry (DXA) in two groups. Group 1 consisted of 43 Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy patients (19 males, 32 + 8 Yrs, and 24 females, 37 + 5 yrs), who had liver transplant less than 2 months before. Group 2 consisted of 18 healthy subjects of similar age (8 males, 36 + 7 yrs, and 10 females, 39 + 5 yrs). RESULTS: Healthy subjects showed higher values than FAP patients for: BMI (24,2+2,3kg/m2 vs 22,3+3,8 kg/m2 respectively, p<0,05), % trunk BF (26,21+8,34kg vs 20,78+9,05kg respectively, p<0,05), % visceral BF (24,43+7,97% vs 19,21+9,30% respectively, p<0,05), % abdominal BF (26,63+8,51% vs 20,63+10,35% respectively, p<0,05) abdominal subcutaneous BF (0,533+0,421kg vs 0,353+0,257kg respectively, p=0,05), abdominal BF/BF ratio (0,09+0,02 vs 0,08+0,02 respectively, p<0,05) and abdominal BF/trunk BF ratio (0,19+0,03 vs 0,17+0,03 respectively, p<0,05). CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that FAP patients soon after liver transplantation exhibited a healthier body fat profile compared to controls. However, fat content and distribution varied widely in FAP subjects, suggesting an individualized approach for assessment and intervention rather than general guidelines. Future research is needed to investigate the long term consequences on body fat following liver transplant in this population.

Comparison of body fat content and distribution of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy patients versus healthy subjects

The deposition of amyloid fibers at the peripheral nervous system can induce motor neuropathy in Familial Amiloidotic Polyneuropethy (FAP) patients. This produces progressive reductions in functional capacity. The only treatment for FAP is a liver transplant, followed by aggressive medication that can affect patients' metabolism. To our knowledge, there are no data on body fat distribution or comparison between healthy and FAP subjects, which may be important for clinical assessment and management of this disease.