Fotointerpretacao comparativa de fotografias pancromaticas, imagens de radar e de satelite

Three types of imagery were evaluated for mapping drainage patterns and vegetation in a 100 000 ha area of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The drainage measurements were drainage density, frequency of channels and texture ratio, studied on circular samples of 10 km2 for panchromatic photography and 100 km2 for radar and satellite images. The vegetation types were forest, pasture, sugar cane and rice, studied on circular samples of 100 km2. Radar images were the most convenient method to study drainage patterns and the land forms of large areas, while Landsat imagery was most efficient for the study of vegetative cover, although panchromatic photographs were the most accurate method.-from Field Crop Abstracts

Mapeamento de solos atraves de imagens de radar e de satelite.

The objective of the present work was the improvement of the methodology for soil mapping through the drainage network with the aid of Landsat data. The drainage network of the area studied was delineated and the soils identified. The main problem of the method has been the characterization of the contact between soil units when it is not abrupt, and in this case field trips and the analysis of the relief has been used to solve doubts.-from English summary

A radar reflectivity-runoff model for use in flood warning

This model connects directly the radar reflectivity data and hydrological variable runoff. The catchment is discretized in pixels (4 Km × 4 Km) with the same resolution of the CAPPI. Careful discretization is made so that every grid catchment pixel corresponds precisely to CAPPI grid cell. The basin is assumed a linear system and also time invariant. The forecast technique takes advantage of spatial and temporal resolutions obtained by the radar. The method uses only the measurements of the factor reflectivity distribution observed over the catchment area without using the reflectivity - rainfall rate transformation by the conventional Z-R relationships. The reflectivity values in each catchment pixel are translated to a gauging station by using a transfer function. This transfer function represents the travel time of the superficial water flowing through pixels in the drainage direction ending at the gauging station. The parameters used to compute the transfer function are concentration time and the physiographic catchment characteristics. -from Authors

The first case study of a thunderstorm in South Africa based on dual- Doppler radar observations

On 27 March 1991, an isolated thunderstorm passed between the two CSIR Doppler radars, spaced about 45km apart. Both radars simultaneously recorded Doppler data of the storm, and a detailed case study during an 11-min period is presented. Air motions synthesized from these data provide the first three-dimensional display of Doppler-derived wind fields within a multicell storm on the Transvaal Highveld. Regions of high divergence values (10 -2s -1) at low levels were found mostly in close proximity to reflectivity maxima (45-51 dBZ), which is consistent with findings from North America, that gravitational loading by the precipitation plays a key role in the initiation and maintenance of downdraughts. -from Authors

Statistics on tropical convective storms observed by radar

Convective storm rainfall is of special importance to urban hydrological studies due to its temporal and spatial variability. Although dense networks of recording rain gauges can be employed to characterize such rainfall, very few investigations of this type have been undertaken due to their prohibitive cost. This paper reports some data on characteristics of tropical convective storms obtained from radar at Bauru in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Periods of convective precipitation were identified by exclusion of those related to frontal activity with the help of synoptic maps and the radar screen record. The occurrence and evolution of convective storms were observed in two 28 km × 28 km windows obtaining information on the life history of convective cells and the magnitude of rainfall. Frequency distributions of the time of occurrence of convective rainfall, cell size, area covered, life duration and maximum and average rainfall observed in the experimental areas are presented and discussed.

Inovação tecnológica e o mercado de trabalho do engenheiro cartógrafo

The article focuses on the presence of the technologic innovation and the surveyed current conditions of the cartographic engineer's work market. The methodology is based on forms with objective questions answered by the professionals. The current survey is the fourth one starting in 1995 and the first one with on line forms filled out by the Brazilian Association of Cartographic Engineers - São Paulo Section's web page. The sample was made up with 141 engineers and it revealed numbers that confirm the growing visibility and social recognition of the Brazilian cartographic engineer, although still far from the condition consistent with the territorial extension and the importance of Cartography for the country. The survey shows that the monthly average revenues are of approximately fifteen minimum wages; that the sample has only 13% of employers, although it is the highest percentage among all surveys; that 63 professionals cited 127 times that their organizations are related to technologic innovation at a proportion of two citations per organization; that 69% of the sample are optimists concerned to the future. Other important pieces of in formation to students and professionals will also be discussed in the article.

Análise de superfície de tendência aplicada à chuva, medida por radar meteorológico, nas regiões de Assis e Piracicaba, SP

This paper presents the results from lineal trend surface analysis technique application. The purpose was to detect positive and negative anomalies in the rain measure distribution obtained by the meteorological radar Doppler, band S, located in Bauru, during the period of 21 of October/2004 to 29 of April/2005 in the areas of Assis and Piracicaba. Using three Z-R radar relations for rain quantification was chosen the specific equation Z = 32R1,65, as the best one. The results showed that the applied methodology was able to indicate the space distribution of the rain accumulated, identifying and locating the regions where there was rainy excess and rainy lack during each analyzed period. Such results indicate areas with larger pluvial impact and consequently more favorable for environmental damages.

Mapeamento institucional e de medidas de política com impacto sobre a inovação produtiva e a diversificação das exportações

Includes bibliography

Is it possible to make pixel-based radar image classification user-friendly?

In this paper we would like to shed light the problem of efficiency and effectiveness of image classification in large datasets. As the amount of data to be processed and further classified has increased in the last years, there is a need for faster and more precise pattern recognition algorithms in order to perform online and offline training and classification procedures. We deal here with the problem of moist area classification in radar image in a fast manner. Experimental results using Optimum-Path Forest and its training set pruning algorithm also provided and discussed. © 2011 IEEE.

Inovação tecnológica no setor de máquinas ferramentas brasileiro: um estudo de caso

Incluye Bibliografía

Sustentabilidade de cidades, inovação e competitividade - Explorando conceitos no caso Brasil

Competitiveness is the basis of economic progress of a country. Innovation is a cornerstone of competitiveness. The competitiveness of the countries has been assessed by studies of competitiveness through a comprehensive set of indicators, which year after year evolve and expand, with the incorporation of new indicators. Stands out in this expansion the integration of new indicators related to sustainability of cities. This short article will explore the concepts of Competitiveness, Innovation and Sustainability, and based on the description of the methodology of two major studies on Competitiveness, will demonstrate the growing importance of sustainability indicators for cities have been given for these studies. To illustrate the results of studies show Brazil. And finally, will seek to highlight the role of Information and Communication in this context. © 2012 AISTI.

Conhecimento tecnológico e inovação no Brasil: Um estudo patentométrico na universidade estadual paulista

The patent recordings of the Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) since its first recording in 1980 to December 2010 are analysed, in order to promote their visibility, and analyze their authors, most productive areas and most common themes. As research procedure, we verified the relation of all patents deposited, following different types: patent recordings of invention, utility models, brands and industrial drawings, all of which were obtained from the Unesp Innovation Agency. Finally, the scientific colaboration network among the researchers was drawn using PAJEK. The most productive authors are grouped in the Araraqua Chemistry Institute and the engeneering area.

Inovação no desenvolvimento de produtos em cluster industrial: Práticas do setor moveleiro de votuporanga

It is notorious that the cluster formation is a possibility for micro, small and medium companies to become more competitive. This research therefore aims to analyze leading practices for product innovation in companies belonging to the cluster of Votuporanga, which is the largest furniture industry in production and exporting of São Paulo state. Therefore, we conducted a survey research and data were collected from 61 furniture companies in the region of Votuporanga-SP. Among the main results it is observed that the incremental innovation of products is a central characteristic between the companies in cluster and there is little collaboration for the joint development of products from these companies with external agents such as research institutes, universities and even suppliers.