Archivio storico lombardo.

Vols. 1-40: University of Illinois Library bookplate "From the library of Conte Antonio Cavagna Sangiuliani di Gualdana Lazelada di Bereguardo, purchased 1921" on the inside front cover.

Monumenti storici.

Ser. 1 has title: Documenti; ser. 2: Statuti; ser. 3: Cronache e diarii, 1884-

Documenti per servire alla storia di Sicilia,

Mode of access: Internet.

Raccolta delle consuetudini siciliane, con introduzione ed illustrazione storico-giuriche, v.1, fasc. 1,2 /

"Estratto dai Documenti per servire alla storia di Sicilia, pubblicati a cura della Societa Siciliana per la storia patria, segunda serie, Fonti del Diritto siculo, vol. IV."

Saggio di bibliografia ragionata delle piante icnografiche e prospettiche di Roma dal 1551 al 1748.

Mode of access: Internet.

La constitución histórica del campo de la cultura física y de la educación física. Actores, instituciones, discursos y políticas. Argentina (1901-1938)

El siguiente proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la constitución del campo de la cultura física y de la educación física en la Argentina durante las primeras cuatro décadas del siglo XX. Centrará su atención en la disputa entre, por lo menos, dos grupos con sus instituciones de formación específicas. El Instituto Nacional Superior de Educación Física (INEF), cuyos orígenes se remontan a 1901 y la Escuela de Gimnasia y Esgrima del Ejército en creada en 1897 (Saraví Riviere, 1998; Bertoni, 1996, 2001; Aisenstein & Scharagrodsky, 2006).Cada una de estas matrices de formación pensó la pedagogía, la didáctica, la metodología y más ampliamente la política, la nación, la patria, los cuerpos o la sexualidad de formas diferentes y con sentidos y significados particulares. El objetivo será explorar las diferencias y similitudes entre ambas instituciones retomando algunos de los tópicos mencionados a partir de los discursos que legitimaron a los mismos, centrando el análisis tanto en el discurso pedagógico moderno como en el discurso médico hegemónico. En especial, analizaremos el discurso médico como legitimador del campo, y en particular, indagaremos las cuatro sub-disciplinas que se constituyeron en la grilla interpretativa por excelencia de los cuerpos en movimiento: la anatomía descriptiva, la fisiología del ejercicio, la ginecología y la antropometría

El lado B de la historia, un caso de violencia política en el corregimiento de Arauca, Caldas, Colombia, el 29 y 30 de octubre de 1949

Investigar 'el lado B' de la Historia proporciona otras respuestas y perspectivas para comprender un hecho traumático ocurrido el 29 de octubre de 1949 en Arauca, Caldas; cuando 49 personas perdieron su vida en el contexto histórico de lo que la Violentología denomina en Colombia 'La violencia'. Las indagaciones se circunscriben en el orden de ¿Qué pasó?, ¿Cómo pasó? y ¿Qué se ha narrado? Ya que las respuestas difieren, esencialmente, dependiendo de si las versiones provienen del diario manizalita 'La Patria' y la historia oficial, donde la autoría de los asesinatos fue atribuida a los liberales gaitanistas; o de fuentes tales como: el diario 'El Tiempo', los archivos judiciales, los testimonios orales de las víctimas sobrevivientes, los álbumes fotográficos y la asistencia de los estudios de memoria, donde se evidencia que la masacre fue ejecutada por la Policía, las fuerzas paramilitares de la época, conocidos como "los pájaros", y civiles conservadores que a su vez fueron la pieza procesal para iniciar la investigación judicial tendiente a "esclarecer" los hechos

Il fallimento di un ducato. Ceti dirigenti, società e volontariato militare a Reggio Emilia (1848-1859)

La ricerca ricostruisce alcuni aspetti della vita politica, sociale e culturale di Reggio Emilia a partire dagli anni Quaranta dell’Ottocento. La campagna militare del 1848-49 e le vicende sociali e politiche che l’accompagnarono costituiscono il punto focale di questo lavoro che mette in evidenza come il complesso di quegli avvenimenti operò un mutamento irreversibile nella realtà cittadina, alimentando aspettative e ideali che non poterono più rimanere confinati nel sistema di governo ducale, divenuto asfittico e superato. Dopo una ricognizione generale della storiografia esistente si è evidenziata la necessità di una nuova lettura della storia cittadina che tenesse conto degli approcci metodologici più recenti e di aspetti fino ad oggi trascurati o completamente ignorati, ripartendo dai documenti ed ampliando la quantità e la tipologia delle fonti. E’ stato perciò condotto un incrocio sistematico tra la documentazione d’archivio pubblica (atti di governo, polizia, decreti, chirografi ducali) e le fonti di carattere privato, spesso assolutamente inedite (cronache, diari, epistolari), cercando di mantenere un approccio il più possibile aperto, mostrando una molteplicità di punti di vista e cogliendo il riflesso dei diversi orientamenti politici e personali attraverso la lettura degli avvenimenti cittadini da parte dei diversi testimoni dell’epoca. Coerentemente con i più recenti apporti della storiografia si è voluto sottolineare l’impatto decisivo che le Istituzioni scolastiche ducali, caratterizzate da notevole conformismo e oscurantismo, hanno avuto nella maturazione politica della generazione che ha guidato il Movimento del 1848. Per portare alla luce questi aspetti è stata proposta una rilettura del sistema educativo reggiano dal punto di vista funzionale e culturale, partendo dai ricordi degli ex studenti e dalla verifica della disciplina vigente all’interno di queste istituzioni. Non poteva essere tralasciata anche una profonda revisione della storia della Chiesa di Reggio Emilia durante il Risorgimento, pertanto si è proceduto ad uno spoglio su larga scala della documentazione conservata nell’archivio della Curia vescovile di Reggio Emilia che ha permesso di giungere ad una complessiva rivalutazione del ruolo del vescovo Cattani durante le vicende del 1848, portando alla luce un aspetto fino ad oggi assolutamente sottovalutato. Nella ricostruzione delle condizioni della Provincia sono stati sottolineati soprattutto gli aspetti sociali, ampliando il quadro in cui si sono svolte le vicende attraverso nuove fonti che hanno aiutato a non focalizzare la ricerca soltanto sui ceti dirigenti e sulle personalità di rilievo. Allo stesso modo si sono descritti i luoghi e le persone della città, cercando di tracciare un ritratto il più fedele possibile della realtà urbana attraverso testimonianze di tenore e mentalità differenti da quelle ‘ufficiali’. Per gli eventi del 1848 (e per quelli del 1859-60) è stato consultato un numero cospicuo di fondi conservati presso l’Archivio di Stato di Reggio, a questi si sono aggiunti gli apporti di molte fonti di carattere privato e di documenti inediti conservati presso l’Archivio di Stato di Torino. Il lavoro propone un’analisi approfondita delle vicende cittadine tra il marzo e l’agosto 1848 e apre a nuove considerazioni sia sul municipalismo, come chiave di lettura del movimento unitario, sia sulla creazione del consenso attorno all’unione dei ducati emiliani con il Regno dell’Alta Italia guidato da Carlo Alberto. Fondamentali sono risultati i fondi della Polizia Estense conservati presso l’Archivio di Stato di Reggio Emilia. Per la loro natura e per le caratteristiche del Ducato (in cui lo stesso duca interviene di persona nei provvedimenti di polizia) hanno permesso di tracciare un quadro assolutamente inedito della vita politica e sociale della Provincia, contribuendo ad arricchire ogni aspetto del lavoro di ricerca. Nell’ultima parte del lavoro sono state messe a confronto le informazioni raccolte sui volontari attraverso lo spoglio di tutte le fonti consultate. La ricerca si era precedentemente basata sugli elenchi dei militi compilati dopo l’unificazione nazionale, elenchi nei quali molte delle informazioni relative ai partecipanti delle campagne del 1848-49 erano andate perdute. Procedendo all’incrocio dei dati raccolti dalla polizia estense al momento del ritorno degli volontari in patria con quelli reperiti nei fondi privati, nelle cronache, nella memorialistica e negli epistolari è stato possibile ricostruire un panorama più completo delle diverse tipologie di combattenti e tracciare un quadro che alla fine risulta assai coerente con la situazione politica e sociale descritta nella prima parte della tesi. Per la prima volta vengono documentate le vicende di coloro che non appartenendo alle classi dirigenti cittadine si sono trovati a combattere per una sorta di azzardo personale nutrito di idealismo patriottico oppure perché inquadrati nei battaglioni dell’ex esercito estense passato al servizio del Governo provvisorio. Emergono l’estrema eterogeneità delle motivazioni e dei destini personali dei combattenti e sono portate alla luce alcune interessanti vicende personali e familiari. I dati sono stati raccolti in modalità digitale per la loro futura fruizione on-line che andrà ad aggiornare il database degli “Albi della memoria” curati da ISTORECO. (http://www.albimemoria-istoreco.re.it/).

Substance use and sexual risk behaviors among adolescent detainees

There is a commonly presumed link among sexual risk behavior, substance use, and other psychosocial factors among adolescents. However, these relationships have been relatively understudied in detained, low-income, minority, substance abusing adolescents. This study addresses this gap in the literature with a secondary data analysis based on a sample of adolescent offenders in two detention and treatment centers in Miami-Dade County. Univariate, bivariate statistical analysis and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted on baseline data from structured interviews with 455 adolescents participating in an NIH funded prevention intervention. Data were analyzed to assess relationships among self-reported substance use, STD history, HIV/AIDS knowledge, condom use, condom use attitudes, and skills, peer and parental approval to use condoms, and race/ethnicity. The adolescent sample was 74.1% male, and 25.9% female and 35.4% African American, 25.1% non-African American Latino, 11.2% White, and 28.4% of other race/ethnicity categories. The mean age was 15.6 years. Results suggested that alcohol use (p < 0.001) and use of marijuana, cocaine and other drugs (p < 0.001) are significant variables when explaining the variability in sexual risk behaviors. Results also suggested that unprotected vaginal, anal, and oral sex increased with higher alcohol and drug use (p < 0.001) and that positive attitudes about personally using condoms (p < 0.001) were also significantly related to condom use. Logistic regressions showed that race/ethnicity was a significant control variable when explaining the variability of condom use. Being White and Latino were significantly associated with less condom use during oral and anal sex when compared to other racial/ethnic groups. These results indicated that risky sexual behavior and HIV infection risk are significantly associated with substance use, particularly alcohol use. Therefore, proper screening and identification of alcohol use, and condom use attitudes could maximize the efficacy of referrals to programs targeting both issues and increase the potential for appropriate primary and secondary prevention and treatment among adolescent detainees.

Armed Groups and Violence in Paraguay

Armed violence in Paraguay is not a recent phenomenon. During the second half of the XX Century, Paraguay saw the rise of a larger number of underground, revolutionary movements that sought the overthrow of the Alfredo Stroessner’s (1954-1989) government. From among those movements emerged the Partido Patria Libre (or, Free Fatherland, also known for its acronym PPL), made up of a two branches: one legal and the other one, operational. The latter was based on people’s power, as represented by “Ejército del Pueblo Paraguayo” (or, the Paraguayan People’s Army, with acronym EPP). After EPP broke with PPL in March 2008, this Marxist-oriented revolutionary project, which was apparently oriented to put an end to the social, political and economic inequalities in Paraguay, began to carry out markedly criminal activities, which included bank robberies, kidnappings, assassinations, terrorist attacks and armed confrontations. Its strategies and modus operandi utilized by the Armed Revolutionary Forces of Colombia (FARC). Paraguay features a farm sector in a state of crisis, in which cattle-ranchers, peasants and agro-exporting companies live in a constant strife. The Paraguayan Departments that are the most affected by this situation are Concepciόn, San Pedro, Canindeyú y Caazapá, which also suffer from a weak government presence. This deficiency has made these departments ripe for drug-trafficking activity by Brazilian groups such as Primer Comando Capital (i.e., First Capital command), also PCC and Comando Vermelho, (i.e., The Red Command). That is why many peasants, now recruited by EPP, have joined the drug-trafficking business and that, not only as marihuana growers but as “campanas” (i.e., early warning sentinels) for the organization. This helps shape their attitudes for their future involvement in all areas of drug-trafficking. Paraguayan society is the result of social inequity and inequality, such as those resulting from a lack of opportunity. Although Paraguay has successfully recovered from the last world economic crisis, economic growth, by itself, does not ensure an improvement in the quality of life. As long as such economic and social gaps persist and the government fails to enact the policies that would result in a more just society and toward EPP neutralization or containment, the latter is bound to grow stronger. In this context, the situation in Paraguay calls for more research into the EPP phenomenon. It would also seem necessary for Paraguay to promote an open national debate that includes all sectors of society in order to raise consciousness and to induce society to take actual steps to eliminate the EPP, as well as any other group that might arise in the immediate future. EPP has strong connections with the Frente Patriόtico Manuel Rodríguez in Chile and other armed groups and peasant movements in other countries of this region. Although most governments in the region are aware that the armed struggle is not a solution to current problems, it might be worth it to hold a regional debate about armed or insurgent groups in Latin American to seek common strategies and cooperation on dealing with them since the expansion of these armed groups is a problem for all.

Intergenerational associations between a consensual childhood sexual experience and adult substance abuse among Latina mothers and daughters

Purpose: Early onset of sexual activity has been linked to later substance abuse. Our study aimed to further describe the associations between Latina mothers’ and daughters’ early sexual activity and adult substance abuse. Methods: A survey was conducted with 92 Latina mother–daughter dyads whose members never experienced sexual abuse. Childhood sexual experience was defined as the occurrence of a consensual sexual encounter at the age of 15 years or younger. Substance abusers were identified by the extent of substance use during the 12 months prior to the interview. Path analysis was used to fit our conceptual models to the data. Main findings: Daughters’ current, adult substance abuse was associated independently with: their own childhood sexual experience (odds ratio [OR] = 6.0) and mothers’ current, adult substance abuse (OR = 2.0). Compared with daughters who first experienced sex after the age of 19, the odds of using substances were 17.7 times higher among daughters who had childhood sexual experience and 3.8 times higher among daughters who first experienced sex between the age of 16–19 years. Explicitly, sexual experiences between the ages of 16–19 years were also risk factors for later adult substance abuse. Mothers’ childhood sexual experience (OR = 7.3) was a strong predictor for daughters’ childhood sexual experience. Conclusions: Our study supported a link between mother and daughter childhood sexual experience among Latinas, and indicated it is a correlate of adult substance abuse. Family based substance abuse prevention efforts and future longitudinal studies should consider maternal childhood sexual experience as a potential indication of risk for Latina daughters.

Substance Use and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Adolescent Detainees

During the past two decades there has been much research conducted on the relationship between the risky sexual behavior practices and substance use among U.S. adolescents. This body of research has documented the fact that substance use and not using condoms are the most important indicators associated with the risk of becoming infected with sexually transmitted diseases (STD) both among adolescents and adults (Florida Department of Public Health, 2004; Malow, Devieux, Jennings, & Lucenko, 2001; McCoy & Inciardi, 1995). Data from those reports and studies indicate that adolescents and adults who use a condom regularly and appropriately are 20 times less likely to contract an STD than those who do not (Pinkerton & Abramson, 1997). However, less empirical evidence exists about the factors that influence adolescent use of condoms, particularly among adolescents who are detained due to their criminal lifestyle. Researchers have found both a high prevalence of STD in addition to early onset of sexual activity without protection among some adolescent groups such as the detainees (D'angelo & DiClemente, 1996) and that adolescents tend to underestimate their risks of acquiring the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (Magura, Shapiro, & Kang, 1994). Many adolescents will experiment with alcohol and other drugs. This behavior may compromise their judgment and increase their chances of engaging in risky sex (Rotheram-Borus, 2000). Hence the need for research that investigates the influence that substance use, risky sexual attitudes, knowledge about the transmission of HIV, and both peer and parental approval of condom use have on the use of condoms among both female and male adolescent detainees. Lastly, it is important for additional research to be conducted because adolescent detainees have been identified as being at high risk of becoming infected with an STD (Malow, Rosemberg, & Devieux, 2006). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among adolescent substance use, gender, sexual risk attitude, attitude about personal use of condoms, knowledge associated with the transmission of HIV, peer and family approval of condom use, history of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and the level of condom use in a sample of adolescents housed in a correctional institution. Further details of the explanatory variables, the control variables and their expected relationships can be found in the review of the Literature in Chapter 2. Also, more information about the separate analysis of the research questions is detailed in the Methods section in Chapter 3. Based on the literature detailed in Chapter 2 (e.g., Malow et al., 2006), the current study’s researcher anticipated that adolescents’ higher levels of illicit drug use would be related to higher levels of sexual risk behaviors, as measured by lower levels of condom use, than their counterparts who used no drugs. Similarly, it was hypothesized that positive attitudes toward condom use and higher levels of HIV risk knowledge would be associated with a lower level of risky sexual behaviors along with a higher level of condom use skill. It was further hypothesized that the level of approval perceived from parents and peers regarding condom use was going to be related to adolescents’ safe sex behavior (i.e., condom use). Therefore, it was expected that participants’ perception of a high level of approval to use condoms from peers and parents would be a statistically significant variable in helping explain the condom use within this sample of adolescent detainees.

El Posnacionalismo en la Narrativa Cubana Actual: Reivindicación de lo Privado y lo Homoerótico

La novela posnacional es un fenómeno relativamente reciente en la literatura latinoamericana. Sus orígenes se sitúan en los noventa, como parte de una narrativa que se rebela contra la llamada literatura del Boom originada en los sesenta. Los escritores posnacionales—a diferencia de sus predecesores—no se muestran obsesionados por la identidad latinoamericana. La globalización, el fracaso del socialismo y el descrédito de las grandes utopías son otros fenómenos que explican la emergencia de una narrativa que trasciende los márgenes nacionales. La literatura posnacional cubana se inserta dentro de esta corriente. Luego de la caída del Muro de Berlín, los jóvenes escritores cubanos comienzan a incluir una retórica diferente en sus creaciones: eluden el compromiso político militante, evitan los mensajes altruistas y abandonan las pretensiones de definir posiciones con relación al futuro de la patria o a su propia identidad. El proyecto revolucionario y su destino—tópico narrativo por más de tres décadas—desaparece como tema. El modo particular de la literatura posnacional cubana se expresa en la desesperanza y el desencanto. El propósito de esta disertación es ejemplificar dicha noción a través del análisis de los proyectos literarios de tres escritoras cubanas contemporáneas: Ena Lucía Portela, Anna Lidia Vega Serova y Karla Suárez. Además de sus cuentos, se analizan las novelas “Djuna y Daniel”, de Ena Lucía Portela; “Ánima fatua”, de Anna Lidia Vega Serova y “La viajera” de Karla Suárez. Estas novelas, además de ser ejemplos de la existencia en Cuba de una tradición en la narrativa latinoamericana contemporánea desvinculada de las preocupaciones nacionales, rompen con el paradigma del hombre heterosexual revolucionario. Los protagonistas de estas nuevas ficciones, por lo general mujeres, son personas desarraigadas y alejadas de la sociedad, ocasionales consumidoras de estupefacientes y que practican relaciones homosexuales. La transgresión de los estereotipos de género y de los comportamientos heteronormativos se convierte en un instrumento de dinámica posmoderna que presenta nuevos códigos y supone un desafío a los principios tradicionales del modelo revolucionario cubano.

Políticas del "peronismo clásico" sobre la cultura física y discursos sobre educación de los cuerpos en la zona metropolitana sur

Pensar las políticas que los gobiernos de Juan Domingo Perón entre 1946 y 1955 desarrollaron en materia de cultura física en dos de los municipios más representativos del sur del Gran Buenos Aires, como son Avellaneda y Quilmes, permite reflexionar no sólo acerca de los hechos locales sino también de los procesos nacionales coyunturales. En efecto, el proyecto político peronista encontró en el decidido fomento a la educación de los cuerpos los argumentos legitimadores para, por un lado, gobernar sentidos en el campo de la salud pública y, por el otro, transmitir un ideario concreto respecto aconceptos centrales para la cosmovisión peronista tales como patria, comunidad y sociedad. Discursos amparados en la doctrina peronista de formar ciudadanos (fuertes y sanos) para la Nueva Argentina que pretendía dejar atrás las viejas bases liberales económicas y políticas, fuertemente denostadas en el proceso de constitución de la nueva fuerza política. La conformación de los ?héroes deportivos?, un nuevo actor social que sintetiza el modelo a seguir, es el objeto de estudio de la presente investigación, siendo analizado a través de las prensas gráficas locales avellanedense y quilmeña, las cuales contribuyeron a configurar una renovada política respecto de la educación de los cuerpos

Los fundamentos letrados del pasado : Exhumación e interpretación

Reseña crítica del libro "Historia Crítica de la Literatura Argentina. Una patria literaria"