Ion beam analysis of a-C:H films on alloy steel substrate

An a-C:H thin film deposited by plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition on alloy steel (16MnCr5) was analyzed using a self-consistent ion beam analysis technique.In the self-consistent analysis, the results of each individual technique are combined in a unique model, increasing confidence and reducing simulation errors.Self-consistent analysis, then, is able to improve the regular ion beam analysis since several analyses commonly used to process ion beam data still rely on handling each spectrum independently.The sample was analyzed by particle-induced x-ray emission (for trace elements), elastic backscattering spectrometry (for carbon), forward recoil spectrometry (for hydrogen) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (for film morphology).The self-consistent analysis provided reliable chemical information about the film, despite its heavy substrate.As a result, we could determine precisely the H/C ratio, contaminant concentration and some morphological characteristics of the film, such as roughness and discontinuities.© 2013 Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.

Posibilidades de cooperación y complementación industrial entre América Latina y Japón para la producción y comercialización del hierro y el acero = Possibilities for co-operation and industrial complementation between Latin America and Japan in producing and marketing iron and steel

Incluye Bibliografía

Problemas de la industria siderúrgica y de transformación de hierro y acero en América Latina = Problems of the steel making and transforming industries in Latin America

Incluye Bibliografía

Estudo da estabilidade e da capacidade resistente de painéis estruturais do sistema construtivo Light Steel Framing

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

The manufacture of basic industrial equipment in Argentina, IV: Iron and steel production = Estudio sobre la fabricación de equipos industriales en la Argentina: IV: Producción siderúrgica

Includes bibliography

Transfer of technical know-how in the steel industry in Brazil

Includes bibliography

Estudo clínico, hematológico, bioquímico sérico, parasitológico, imunológico e patológico de bovinos experimentalmente infectados com Trypanosoma evansi Steel, 1885 (Sarcomastigophora: Trypanosomatidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Infecção experimental em caprinos infectados com Trypanosoma evansi Steel, 1885 (Sarcomastigophora: Trypanosomatidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

An emergy-based evaluation of a reverse logistics network for steel recycling

Efficient implementation of recycling networks requires appropriate logistical structures for managing the reverse flow of materials from users to producers. The steel sheet distributor studied had established a protocol for scrap recovery with the steel plant and its customers. The company invested in producing containers, hiring a specialized labor force and in purchasing trucks for container transportation to implement the logistics network for recycling. That network interconnected the company with two kinds of customers: the ones returning scrap and the ones who preferred to continue business-as-usual. The logistical network was analyzed using emergy synthesis, and the data obtained were used to evaluate and compare the system's environmental costs and benefits from the perspective of the distributor and the steel plant operator. The use of emergy ternary diagrams provided a way to assess recycle strategies to compare the relative economic and environmental benefits of the logistical network implemented. The minimum quantity of scrap that the distributor must recover to improve environmental benefits was determined allowing decision on whether it is worth keeping the system running. The new assessment method proposed also may help policy-makers to create strategies to reward or incentive users of reverse logistics, and help to establish regulations, by decreasing taxes or stimulating innovation, for effectively implement the National Policy on Solid Waste. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

CHARACTERIZATION OF A AISI/SAE 4340 STEEL IN DIFFERENT MICROSTRUCTURAL CONDITIONS

The 4340 are classified as ultra-high strength steels used by the aviation industry and aerospace applications such as aircraft landing gear and several structural applications, usually in quenched and tempered condition. In this situation occurs reduction of toughness, which encourages the study of multiphasic and bainitic structures, in order to maintain strength without loss of toughness. In this study, ferritic-pearlitic structure was compared to bainitic and martensitic structure, identified by the reagents Nital, LePera and Sodium Metabisulfite. Sliding wear tests of the type pin-on-disk were realized and the results related to the microstructure of these materials and also to their hardnesses. It is noted that these different microstructures had very similar behavior, concluding that all three tested pairs can be used according to the request level.

Utilization of Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) with Water in CBN Grinding of Steel

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)