Participation in the context of the world economy

Includes bibliography

Interpretative summary of the Meeting on a New Latin America in a Changing World Economy

Includes bibliography

The political economy of protection after the Uruguay Round

Includes bibliography

The dual currency bifurcation of Cuba's economy in the 1990s: causes, consequences and cures

Includes bibliography

Swerves and skids by the Venezuelan economy

Includes bibliography

The Cuban economy

Includes bibliography

Brazil in the 1990s: an economy in transition

Includes bibliography

Infrastructure to support the digital economy in Chile

Includes bibliography

A boom in a heterogeneous economy, Peru 2002-2006

Includes bibliography

Antioxidant activity of ginger extract (zingiber officinale) in soybean oil under thermoxidation

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of ginger ethanol extract in soybean oil under thermoxidation. Design/methodology/approach: A total of four treatments were used: soybean oil free of synthetic antioxidants, soybean oil containing 2,500 mg/kg of ginger extract, soybean oil containing 50 mg/kg of TBHQ, soybean oil containing the mixture of natural extract, and TBHQ in the before-cited concentration. The treatments were discontinuously submitted to plates heated at 180°C, for 20 hours. Samples were removed in the times of 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 hours of heating and they were analyzed as to their oxidative stability, total polar compounds, peroxide and conjugated diene values. Findings: The results showed the efficiency of the ginger extract in protecting the oil against lipid oxidation. It could be concluded that ginger extract might be indicated as an additive that acts against lipid oxidation and, consequently, increases shelf life of food. Practical implications: These studies may prove to be beneficial to the exploitation of natural antioxidant sources for the preservation and/or extension of raw and processed food shelf life. Therefore, they could also be applied in the area of pharmaceuticals for the protection of human life. Originality/value: This study offers information on the use of natural antioxidants as an alternative to the use of synthetic antioxidants, which might be considered toxic. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Keynesian economic policies: reflections on the Brazilian economy, 1995-2009

Includes bibliography

The political economy of regional grants in Peru

Includes bibliography

The Brazilian economy: options for the eighties

Includes bibliography

The periphery and the internationalization of the world economy: significance and consequences

Includes bibliography