Resoluciones aprobadas en el Trigésimo Quinto Período de Sesiones de la CEPAL

Resolución 676(XXXV) Calendario de conferencias de la CEPAL para el período 2015-2016 .-- Resolución 677(XXXV) Conferencia Regional sobre la Mujer de América Latina y el Caribe .-- Resolución 678(XXXV) Conferencia Estadística de las Américas de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe .-- Resolución 679(XXXV) Respaldo a la labor del Instituto Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Planificación Económica y Social (ILPES) .-- Resolución 680(XXXV) Comité de Desarrollo y Cooperación del Caribe .-- Resolución 681(XXXV) Conferencia Regional sobre Población y Desarrollo de América Latina y el Caribe .-- Resolución 682(XXXV) Establecimiento de la Conferencia Regional sobre Desarrollo Social de América Latina y el Caribe .-- Resolución 683(XXXV) Admisión de San Martín como miembro asociado de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe .-- Resolución 684(XXXV) Prioridades y programa de trabajo de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe para el bienio 2016-2017 .-- Resolución 685(XXXV) Actividades de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe en relación con el seguimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio y la aplicación de los resultados de las grandes conferencias y cumbres de las Naciones Unidas en las esferas económica y social y esferas conexas .-- Resolución 686(XXXV) Aplicación del Principio 10 de la Declaración de Río sobre el Medio Ambiente y el Desarrollo en América Latina y el Caribe .-- Resolución 687(XXXV) La dimensión regional de la agenda para el desarrollo después de 2015 .-- Resolución 688(XXXV) Cooperación Sur-Sur .-- Resolución 689(XXXV) Lugar del próximo período de sesiones .-- Resolución 690(XXXV) Resolución de Lima .-- Resolución 691(XXXV) Conferencia Ministerial sobre la Sociedad de la Información de América Latina y el Caribe.

Résolutions Adoptées À La Trente-Cinquième Session De La CEPALC

Résolution 676(XXXV) Calendrier de conférences de la CEPALC pour la période 2015-2016 .-- Résolution 677(XXXV) Conférence régionale sur les femmes de l’Amérique latine et des Caraïbes .-- Résolution 678(XXXV) Conférence statistique des Amériques de la Commission économique pour l’Amérique latine et les Caraïbes .-- Résolution 679(XXXV) Appui aux travaux de l’Institut latino-américain et des Caraïbes de planification économique et sociale (ILPES) .-- Résolution 680(XXXV) Comité de développement et de coopération des Caraïbes .-- Résolution 681(XXXV) Conférence régionale sur la population et le développement de l’Amérique latine et des Caraïbes .-- Résolution 682(XXXV) Création de la Conférence régionale sur le développement social de l’Amérique latine et des Caraïbes .-- Résolution 683(XXXV) Admission de Saint-Martin en qualité d’état membre associé de la Commission économique pour l’Amérique latine et les Caraïbes .-- Résolution 684(XXXV) Priorités et programme de travail de la Commission économique pour l’Amérique latine et les Caraïbes pour la période biennale 2016-2017 .-- Résolution 685(XXXV) Activités de la Commission économique pour l’Amérique latine et les Caraïbes dans le cadre du suivi des objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement et l’application des résultats des grandes conférences et des sommets des Nations Unies en matière économique et sociale et dans les domaines connexes .-- Résolution 686(XXXV) Application du Principe 10 de la Déclaration de Rio sur l’environnement et le développement en Amérique latine et dans les Caraïbes .-- Résolution 687(XXXV) La dimension régionale du programme de développement pour l’après 2015 .-- Résolution 688(XXXV) Coopération Sud-Sud .-- Résolution 689(XXXV) Lieu de la prochaine session .-- Résolution 690(XXXV) Résolution de Lima .-- Résolution 691(XXXV) Conférence ministérielle sur la société de l’information de l’Amérique latine et des Caraïbes.

Sovereignty, Political Economy, and Economic Development in Native American Nations

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-05

Environmentalizing economic development: a South Asian perspective

South Asia's pursuit of economic development has entailed considerable damage to and exposed the fragility of the physical environment of the region. This paper provides an analytical overview of the of the environmental problem that manifest themselves in South Asia in a comparative perspective with East and Southeast Asian countries as well as selected developed market economics. To date, South Asian development process has been environment-intensive and environment-depleting. It is argued that environmental problems are likely to set serious constraints to sustain growth in production to support a growing population. By exploring the relationship between indices of human welfare and bio-diversity conservation. the paper exposes the dichotomy of the development process. Finally, the study underscores the need for a range of policy options that rely both based and non-market based instruments in an integrated setting to enviromnentalize South Asian economic development. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.

Suicide in developing countries (3) Prevention efforts

Until now, suicide prevention efforts have been limited in developing countries, although there are pockets of excellent achievement. Various universal, selective, and indicated interventions have been implemented, many of which target a different pattern of risk factors to those in developed countries. In the absence of sufficient mental health services, developing countries rely heavily on nongovemment organizations (NGOs) to provide crisis interventions for suicidal individuals, as well as proactive interventions aimed at raising community awareness and building resilience. Often these NGOs work within a social and public health framework, collaborating with others to provide nested suicide prevention programs that are responsive to local community needs. There is a clear need to develop appropriate, relevant and effective national suicide prevention plans in developing countries, since, to date, only Sri Lanka has done so. These plans should focus on a range of priority areas, specify the actions necessary to achieve positive change in these priority areas, consider the range of collaborators required to implement these actions, and structure their efforts at national, regional, and local levels. The plans should also promote the collection of accurate data on completed and attempted suicide, and should foster evaluation efforts.

Technology transfer to developing countries : the case of physical asset management in South Africa

This research investigates technology transfer (TT) to developing countries, with specific reference to South Africa. Particular attention is paid to physical asset management, which includes the maintenance of plant, equipment and facilities. The research is case based, comprising a main case study (the South African electricity utility, Eskom) and four mini-cases. A five level framework adapted from Salami and Reavill (1997) is used as the methodological basis for the formulation of the research questions. This deals with technology selection, and management issues including implementation and maintenance and evaluation and modifications. The findings suggest the Salami and Reavill (1997) framework is a useful guide for TT. The case organisations did not introduce technology for strategic advantage, but to achieve operational efficiencies through cost reduction, higher quality and the ability to meet customer demand. Acquirers favour standardised technologies with which they are familiar. Cost-benefit evaluations have limited use in technology acquisition decisions. Users rely on supplier expertise to compensate for poor education and technical training in South Africa. The impact of political and economic factors is more evident in Eskom than in the mini-cases. Physical asset management follows traditional preventive maintenance practices, with limited use of new maintenance management thinking. Few modifications of the technology or R&D innovations take place. Little use is made of explicit knowledge from computerised maintenance management systems. Low operating and maintenance skills are not conducive to the transfer of high-technology equipment. South African organisations acquire technology as items of plant, equipment and systems, but limited transfer of technology takes place. This suggests that operators and maintainers frequently do not understand the underlying technology, and like workers elsewhere, are not always inclined towards adopting technology in the workplace.

An assessment of the industry cluster approach as a tool for local economic development:the case of the new media industry in Birmingham

Industry cluster policies are a current trend in local economic development programmes and represent a major shift from traditional approaches. This trend has been coupled by an increasing interest in new media industry as a significant focus for regional development strategies. In England clusters and new media industry have therefore come to be seen as important tools in promoting local and regional economic development. This study aimed to ascertain the success of these policies. In order to achieve the aims of the study, the Birmingham new media industry was chosen for the study. In addition to an extensive review of the literature, semi-structured interviews were conducted with new media firms and Business Support Agencies (BSAs) offering programmes to promote the development of the new media industry cluster. The key findings of the thesis are that the concerns of new media industry when choosing their location do not conform to the industry cluster theory. Moreover, close proximity in geographical location of the industries does not mean there is collaboration and any costs saved as a result of close proximity to similar firms are at present seen as irrelevant because of the type of products they offer. Building trust between firms is the key in developing the new media industry cluster and the BSAs can act as a broker and provide neutral ground to develop it. The key policy recommendations are that new media industry is continually changing and research must continuously track and analyse cluster dynamics in order to be aware of emerging trends and future developments that can positively and negatively affect the cluster. Policy makers need to keep in mind that there is no uniform tool kit to foster the different sectors in cluster development. It is also important for them to be winning support and trust of new media firms since this is key in the success of the cluster. When cluster programs are introduced they must explain their benefits to industries more effectively in order to encourage them to participate in programmes. The general conclusions of the thesis are that clusters are a potentially important tool in local economic development policy and that the new media industry has a considerable growth potential. The kinds of relationships which cluster theory suggests develop between do not, as yet, appear to exist within the new media cluster. There are however, steps that the BSAs can take to encourage their development. Thus, the BSAs need to ensure that they establish an environment that enables growth of the industry.

A comparison of road accidents in developing countries with special reference to Jamaica

This research was originally undertaken to aid the Jamaican government and the World Bank in making funding decisions relative to improvement of road systems and traffic control in Jamaica. An investigation of the frequency and causes of road accidents and an evaluation of their impact on the Jamaican economy were carried out, and a model system which might be applied was developed. It is believed that the importance of road accident economic and manpower losses to the survival of developing countries, such as Jamaica, cannot be overemphasized. It is suggested that the World Bank, in cooperation with national governments, has a role to play in alleviating this serious problem. Data was collected from such organizations as the Jamaica Ministry of Construction, Police Department, the World Bank, and the World Health Organization. A variety of methodologies were utilized to organize this data in useful and understandable forms. The most important conclusion of this research is that solvable problems in road systems and in traffic control result in the unnecessary loss of useful citizens, in both developed and developing countries. However, a lack of information and understanding regarding the impact of high rates of road accident death and injury on the national economy and stability of a country results in an apparent lack of concern. Having little internal expertise in the field of road accident prevention, developing countries usually hire consultants to help them address this problem. In the case of Jamaica, this practice has resulted in distrust and hard feelings between the Jamaican authorities and major organizations involved in the field. Jamaican officials have found confusing the recommendations of most experts contracted to study traffic safety. The attempts of foreign consultants to utilize a technological approach (the use of coding systems and computers), methods which do not appear cost-effective for Jamaica, have resulted in the expenditure of limited funds for studies which offer no feasible approach to the problem. This funding limitation, which hampers research and road improvement, could be alleviated by such organizations as the World Bank. The causes of high accident rates are many, it was found. Formulation of a plan to address this serious problem must take into account the current failure to appreciate the impact of a high level of road accidents on national economy and stability, inability to find a feasible approach to the problem, and inadequate funding. Such a plan is discussed in detail in the main text of this research.

Social aspects of pharmaceutical innovation: heart disease

This study examines the invention, innovation, introduction and use of a new drug therapy for coronary heart disease and hypertension; beta-blockade. The relationships between drug introductions and changes in medical perceptions of disease are analysed, and the development and effects of our perception of heart disease through drug treatments and diagnostic technology is described. The first section looks at the evolution of hypertension from its origin as a kidney disorder, Bright's disease, to the introduction and use of effective drugs for its treatment. It is shown that this has been greatly influenced by the introduction of new medical technologies. A medical controversy over its nature is shown both to be strongly influenced by the use of new drugs, and to influence their subsequent use. The second section reviews the literature analysing drug innovation, and examines the innovation of the beta-blocking drugs, making extensive use of participant accounts. The way in which the development of receptor theory, the theoretical basis of the innovation,was influenced by the innovation and use of drugs is discussed, then the innovation at ICI, the introduction into clinical use, and the production of similar drugs by other manufacturers are described. A study of the effects of these drugs is then undertaken, concentrating on therapeutic costs and benefits, and changes in medical perceptions of disease. The third section analyses the effects of other drugs on heart disease, looking at changes in mortality statistics and in medical opinions. The study concludes that linking work on drug innovation with that on drug effects is fruitful, that new drugs and diagnostic technology have greatly influenced medical perceptions of the nature and extent of heart disease, and that in hypertension, the improvement in drug treatment will soon result in much of the population being defined as in need of it life-long.