Varför ska man dölja det? : -en kvalitativ studie av identitet i förhållande till läs-och skrivsvårigheter

In schools today, we expect student performances and achievements to be exceptional. Having good reading and writing skills are essential if students want to excel at their school assignments. Students with reading and writing difficulties have to work much harder than their other classmates. Their having to work harder coupled with being teenagers and facing all the uncertainties which are present at that age, these students face the difficult task of trying to find out who they are and who they want to be. In other words, they try to create their own individual identities. This study investigates the experiences of students with reading and writing difficulties in their interactions with other students and school personnel, in different situations. The collection of data has been done through group interviews. Thirteen, 15 year old students participated in these interviews. Some of the factors which characterise a hermeneutic approach have helped to form the basis on which the study lies. A hermeneutic approach suggests that the data collected is sorted and analysed to enable the identification of differences and patterns. These patterns are arranged to give results that are subjective and which also show an interpretation of the data collected. The results show that students are more comfortable with their identities, when they are diagnosed or made aware that their performances in school are directly affected by their reading and writing difficulties. The study also shows that having reading and writing difficulties tells the students who they are but, at the same time, plays an important role in their interactions with other classmates and adults. The outcomes of these interactions greatly affect the formation of their identities. The way in which school personnel treat students is also shown to be of great importance.

Den ofrånkomliga nationalismen

The necessary nationalism This article deals with the role of fictional narratives, especially the modern novel, in the formation of national identities. Naguib Mafouz’s Cairo trilogy is referred to as an example of how literature may both serve as the mirror image of national identities and as an agency in their formation. The sense of community attachment to a modern state is ”thinner” than to a family or traditional village and/or tribe, though no less vital. Drawing on Norbert Elias’s concept of ”survival unit,” Benedict Anderson’s ”imagined communities” and recent studies in the field of comparative literature by Gregory Jusdanis and Azade Seyhan, this article argues for the necessity of the nation – in spite of its unfavourable chauvinistic reputation. This contention is discussed in relation to recent literary developments in Turkey and recent debates on nationhood in a Swedish context.

Kulturella aspekters betydelse i vårdkontakter ur afrikanska kvinnors perspektiv vid migration- en litteraturöversikt

Bakgrund: Ungefär 16,5 procent av Sveriges befolkning är idag födda i ett annat land än Sverige. Under de senaste åren har invandringen till Sverige ökat med 12 procent av vilka 55,419 är kvinnor. De flesta av dessa kvinnor är ursprungligen från Afrika, merparten från Somalia. Många av dessa kvinnor talar varken svenska eller engelska och det förekommer stora kulturella skillnader från den svenska kulturen, vilket leder till svårigheter för dessa kvinnor i mötet med hälso- sjukvården. Syfte: Syftet var att sammanställa aktuell forskning som belyser kulturella aspekters betydelse i vårdkontakter ur afrikanska kvinnors perspektiv vid migration. Metod: En litteraturstudie. Resultat: Två huvudkategorier och åtta underkategorier identifierades. Resultatet visade att tidigare erfarenheter inverkade på nuvarande vård, samt att det fanns hinder för kommunikation mellan kvinnorna och hälso- sjukvårdspersonal i form av att kvinnorna känner att de inte kan säga allt inför en tolk, speciellt inte om tolken var manlig eller inte igenkänd. Tolkning av familj och vänner kunde påverka att vissa saker inte översattes och att känsliga ämnen påverkade översättaren. Slutsats: Det framkom att det finns kulturella aspekter som har betydelse i vårdkontakten och det innebär att det finns behov av mer medvetenhet av kulturella aspekter i mötet med afrikanska kvinnor.

Bens patrimoniais e escolas públicas: uma aproximação necessária

Este trabalho busca colocar em foco a necessidade do estreitamento dos laços entre instituições educacionais públicas e bens tombados. Mostra ainda que seus efeitos fortalecem o latente sentimento de pertencimento - existente nos jovens alunos com relação a esses tombados - ampliam conhecimento, desenvolvem sua capacidade, atitude e valores por meio da educação patrimonial.Como apresenta a pesquisa aplicada aos professores de algumas unidades do Colégio PII, aos alunos pertencentes ao programa PIC-JUNIOR - realizado em parceria com o Museu Nacional - às autoridades das respectivas instituições e funcionários do Museu que atendem ao público na construção e parque tombados, o trabalho levanta opiniões e interesses necessários à realização de um debate sobre a valorização do patrimônio como recurso educacional.Nessa linha de desenvolvimento ganha realce o mapeamento que expressa o interesse dos alunos, professores e autoridades quanto à necessidade da construção de vínculos de aproximação entre instituições escolares e as existentes em bens tombados. Propõe-se, então, a realização de um projeto cívico, educacional e cultural que, no entanto, só se tornará possível por meio de parcerias onde todos os envolvidos, dotados de sentimento público, colaborem ativamente no objetivo.Consubstanciando tais formulações o trabalho investe na valorização dos bens patrimoniais, bem como na construção de identidades sociais, coerentes com referenciais de igualdade, direito, justiça social, cidadania e espaço público. Para tanto o palco inicial às articulação são as instituições, construções bem como os protagonistas citados.Finalmente recebe destaque um projeto básico envolvendo educação patrimonial, cuja formação confere aos participantes conhecimentos sobre bens tombados, ampliando os da história do patrimônio em questão, capacitando-os com agentes multiplicadores, que passam esse saber a colegas de aula, amigos, familiares e às comunidades que pertencem.Palavras chave: Bens patrimoniais, escolas públicas, educação patrimonial, Programa PIC-JUNIOR.

Os italianos, vinho e turismo: o vale dos vinhedos na serra gaúcha

A presente dissertação trata do enoturismo na Serra Gaúcha, tendo como um fio condutor o processo de imigração italiana para a região e a manutenção de identidades e tradições ligadas ao cultivo da uva e à produção do vinho. O cerne do argumento é a importância das tradições italianas como um fator na criação das identidades coletivas regionais e de articulação entre passado e presente. Discute-se como as tradições engendram a produção da modernidade no âmbito das empresas e das atividades turísticas na região. Argumentamos que o apelo às tradições de origem é fruto, em primeiro lugar, do processo de imigração italiana para esta região do Nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Em seguida mostramos como a Festa da Uva, a primeira das comemorações, reinventa a tradição e se constitui no motor e base para o turismo na região. Finalmente, mostramos como a permanência da identidade nacional italiana atua como um fator de inovação, sobretudo nas técnicas de produção do vinho e da organização das atividades empresariais na região, numa síntese entre aspectos da tradição e da pós-modernidade.

Organizações não-governamentais na (Re)construção da sociedade civil no Brasil: (dinâmicas, sujeitos e vinculações entre público e privado nos anos 90)

One of the main features of Brazilian civil society in the nineties is the widespread presence of nongovernamental organizations, religious and secular associations, and the emergence of private foundations as a social mediator midway state and market institutions. This research is a bibliographical discussion of the Social Sciences literature about these organizations, pertinent with their quantitative and qualitative profiles and scope of actions, identities and future role in the construction of the active citizenship in Brasil.

A Racionalidade Sustantiva na Avaliação de Projetos em ONGSs : Três Casos

Este trabalho analisa a prática de avaliação de projetos por parte de três organizações não-govemamentais brasileiras, a partir dos conceitos da racionalidade substantiva esboçados por Guerreiro Ramos e implementados por Maurício Serva. São abordadas as condições históricas de surgimento das ONGs no Brasil, em que a formação de seus integrantes, os objetivos que perseguem e o foco de sua ação conformam o pano de fundo a partir do qual se materializa sua gestão. A avaliação é entendida aqui como um aspecto que sintetiza, de forma dinâmica, o conjunto de valores, identidades, posturas e propostas destas organizações ao processo social mais amplo com que se relacionam. Desta forma, a avaliação de projetos ilustra uma maneira de administrar peculiar a organizações de natureza não-govemamental. O trabalho analisa, ainda, os limites da racionalidade substantiva nos processos de avaliação estudados e aponta o conhecimento sobre o universo das organizações não-govemamentais como gerador de possíveis aprendizagens para uma administração pública que pretenda aprimorar a prática democrática.

Identidade territorial em unidades de conservação : ponto de apoio para uma análise epistemológica da questão ambiental

Esta dissertação de mestrado consiste em um estudo epistemológico da questão ambiental, baseado na análise das identidades territoriais das populações habitantes de Unidades de Conservação (UC’s). Tais populações geralmente têm um modo de vida peculiar e muito vinculado com o espaço onde vivem. Além disso, elas também têm outras percepções sobre a questão ambiental e os conceitos relacionados. Estas percepções, entretanto, geralmente são subjugadas em nome da tecnocracia presente nos órgãos e instituições que trabalham com a temática ambiental. Neste contexto, o trabalho realiza um levantamento dos impasses e conflitos existentes a partir das considerações acima expostas, e os relaciona com as visões, sobre a questão ambiental, dos diferentes grupos sociais envolvidos (poder público, setor privado, ONG´s, movimentos sociais e populações tradicionais). A esta análise acrescenta uma (re)leitura dos métodos científicos à luz da epistemologia (positivismo, neopositivismo, materialismo histórico e dialético, fenomenologia, pós-modernismo e anarquismo), e o modo como cada um deles entende os conceitos de natureza e ambiente. Após, relaciona estas concepções metodológicas com as visões dos diferentes grupos, identificando a posição mais ligada a cada um deles. Com isso, as UC’s são questionadas a partir de sua base epistêmica, que reflete a matriz de pensamento ocidental moderno, e que por sua vez tende a dicotomizar homem e natureza. Ao final, são propostas outras leituras, baseadas em outras matrizes epistemológicas, para superar os impasses relativos a este viés da questão ambiental.

Negros misturados: um estudo de caso sobre identidades negras em Mossoró-RN

With more or less 213.000 habitants, Mossoró is the second more developed city from the Rio Grande do Norte. The town is proclamated like the land of freedom. To so far, exist four moments in your history related with the defence of freedom that is point like truthful from so proclamation. Suchlike happenings are the first female vote on Brazil, the resistance against the Lampião s band, the worman s mutiny and the slave release in 1883, five year before the Áurea law sanction. These happenings are commemorate yearly on setember with one big theatrical event called by the freedom high. Inside this contexto of exaltation to freedom, there is one black movement by name black and beautiful. Is the present dissertation, talked about the building of black identities between the black militants of Mossoró and the dwellers from the Santo Antônio district. With such approach, we intend to think about possibles differences or likeness, how the militants and dwellers from the refered district self-calleds like blacks or not. We are understanding black identity like one process to self-affirmation done by specificities of the social context and the individual particularity. This way, the identity change into one dynamic and contextual reality, gone always by one business process against the interaction of the social actors. So we search to discuss the specificities that involve the process to building of black identities in the city of freedom

É a luta da gente! : juventude e etnicidade na comunidade Quilombola de capoeiras (RN)

On this paper, I propose a reflexion on the formation of a youth maroon, as a political subject , based on experience, personal expectations and social projects in the construction of a political identity in the community quilombola Capoeiras, which is located in the district of Macaíba (RN). I observed two social situations; the projects of the Pau-furado Youth and the Swingueira Quilombola , those kinds of dances that have as protagonists or as audience the youth people who lives in the community here mentioned, those people that legitimize and innovate in these traditions and roles they play and crucial positions in the construction of ethnic identities and generation within a political community. It seeks to understand the place of youth in this new context of political affirmation and identity. It is, therefore, to understand the diversity in their local youth from different social, cultural, political and economic

A Cabana Umbamdista Pai Joaquim de Angola: frente a intolerância a Umbanda na Cidade do Natal/RN

This dissertation presents an attempt to register the initial steps of african-Brazilian religion Umbanda in the city of Natal, capital of Rio Grande do Norte, from a case study of Cabana Umbanda Pai Joaquim de Angola, represented by its maintainer, umbanda of the priest José Clementino. The main objective is to record the memories of fans in aspects of its tradition, experience social and cultural religious building, in an attempt to show the religious hatred with practitioners of Umbanda. Used to: in audio recordings of festivals and rituals, narratives about the memories and stories of employees and their explanations, photographs, diary entries in the field, participant observation and interviews available. The analysis referred to in umbanda Natal / RN, was based on field research as a product of the visits that took place between the years 2006 to 2009 in Terreiro de Umbanda Pai Joaquim de Angola, located in the neighborhood of Rocas.

A capoeira e os mestres

The Capoeira considered as a manifestation of the Popular Culture - inheritance of African peoples - is a cultural and social practice present in Brazil since the colonial time. This study is dedicated to the Capoeira and its masters. We work the Capoeira as a social field through the theoretical perspective of the Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. We try to apprehend the social construction of the master, the legitimacy of his knowledge, the disputes and the representations that they ve elaborated over the space which was redefined for material and symbolic changes that occurred with the Capoeira through the last decades. The operating notions of social field, habitus, capital and tradition had been pertinent to think the power games , the social relations and the symbolic plots in the Field of Capoeira. From the methodological standpoint, although the interviews with the masters and the direct observation have had a special place in the research, other strategies had been used: researches in newspapers, thematic magazines and periodic, musical compositions and academic works. The performance of the masters in the process of reinvention of traditions has redefined their social place in relation to the previous generations. These are perceived as social actors responsible for the maintenance, dynamicity, affirmation, spreading and expansion of the capoeirístic practice

Mulher chefe de família, na cidade de Aracaju:dominação e poder

The research was focada in the feminine head of family, the City of Aracaju and its impacts in the nuclear familiar nucleus. Considering that, the papers of the men are in general, not valued and rewarded that the papers of the women in almost all the cultures. The women generally load the responsibility to take care of of the children and the domestic work, while the men traditionally are born with the responsibility to support the family. However, we find changes in this mainly north-eastern scene and, where through quantitative research, already one evidenced that they are majority as family support, therefore, we observe the construction of social identities of the women family heads and uncurling of the adaptativos aspects, the existing mechanism between domination and power, in the familiar nucleus. The impacts in the family if had change in the social relation for them to be family heads. One is about qualitative research that has left of the construction of a theoretical landmark, analyzing given of bibliographical sources and from interviews with women family heads, power to observe the forms of joints in the nuclear families, as they deal with the power to decide power, the financial power, the fragility, the domination and the influences of the traditional models. Analyzing the familiar relations between the woman, the children and the spouse, searching the excellent questions for the briefing of the thematic one, demystifying the dichotomy between the mother/wife and woman head of family in the residential environment

O concreto e o simbólico no cotidiano da educação em saúde: práticas, representações e processo identitário dos agentes comunitários de saúde de João Pessoa PB

The present study is about an etnographic research based on the Theory of Social Representation and its complementary approach, the Theory of Central Core based on the bourdiesianos concepts of field and habitus , concerning that these concepts, articulated to the constructed social representation, may contribute to the study of social identities. Its aim is to acknowledge which identity references community health agents (CHA), agents from Community Health Agent Program (CHAP) and Family Health Program (FHP) from João Pessoa PB and which social representation is constructed by them towards health education. The study had the participation of 119 CHAs, from which 90,3 % were female and 9,7% were male. Since the identity is also built by the representation of others towards the group, 63 professionals of the FHP group (16 nurses, 16 nursing assistents, 12 doctors, 9 dentists, 6 dentistry office assistents, 4 coordinators, 1 psicologist and 1 receptionist) and 1 nurse from CHAP took part of the study, oficial documents from the Health Ministry were analyzed, verbal information from its representatives were also taken into consideration, as well as reports from the many benefitiaries of the CHA, CHAP and FHP. For data collecting, we used the combination of (a) Direct Observation and Participant Observation of the functioning micro-areas of the CHA at the Family Health Units, and the Union of the Agents; (b) Free-Association of words and expressions to stimulate the CHA , Health Education and Health ; (c) Questionnaire; (d) Interviews. The interviews were submitted to a thematic analysis of its topic. The free-association was analyzed taking in consideration the vèrgesiana proposal (a combination of the frequency and average order of evocation) which treatment enabled the identification of the central and peripheral systems of social representation towards health education and the community health agent. A test of central refutation, associated to the analysis of the indicated evocations as the most important, provided empirical evidence of social representation towards health education as orientation , prevention and hygiene , as well as the identity of CHA as supervisor , friend , help , important , and the link between the community and the Family Health Staff. Other professionals from CHAP, FHP and the Health Ministry share all of these representational contents, especially the concepts of friend and link , also shared by the community. A habitus towards the community health agents was identified, as a representation based on trust and friendship, which gives the professional a great importance towards the daily inconsistencies faced by the community

Educação - Corporeidade - Lazer: saber da experiência cultural em prelúdio

In the passage of life, the labyrinth of songs and corners are propitious ways for a better comprehension, perception and incorporation of learnings that emerge from our subjectiveness in a magic caught by senses. Eyesight, taste, hearing, touch and smell in communication with the world, put us in front of cultural diversities. The ludicity accumulated by experiences promote the flow of hilarious and concrete discoveries that express themselves in work and leisure demonstrations. Such reflections emerge indicators to the problematic construction centralized in the incorporation of cultural experience knowledge to the formation process and professional interventions in this rule and area. From this significant problematic, aiming to deepen studies, we favored leisure as field of investigative production in full expansion. This, for sure, was an exercise of qualification that guided us through meander of education and made us dip into studies about the corporeity. A research in which the scenery was painted and constructed with the complicity of the culture lived with shine, colors, rhythm and drummings of one of the most present cultural cycles: carnival. Recognized as a stimulant for beauty, participation, socialization, and helped us to enter in the essence of gestures and expressions of corporeity, to think, elaborate and socialize a critic-scientific knowledge which, appropriating from the rhythm of colors, of sounds, of tonalities, of senses and of meanings impregnated in the web of life. All these things seduced the researcher, making imagination flow amid ludic-creative dialogues with the imaginary of researchers creation and production in the rule and area of leisure, education and corporeity. Option that made us outline as objective to investigate and interpret how leisure teachers-researchers, from their studies, researches and interventions, locate and incorporate the knowledge from cultural experience to the formation process and intervention of professionals in this rule and in this area, emphasizing the contributions from this knowledge to fence and qualify this praxis. So, as living each cultural scenery, each epistemological contribution was feeding the production with images of the different versions of the Brazilian breedings, creating and raising expectations and new discoveries and newcomers. With the seriousness of a scientific study, we lived an xxiii academic experience with complex intensity, rigor and coherence, eliminating, step by step, the risks and limitations always present in a work of this magnitude. However, we weren t, even for one moment, alone. Our epistemic regard always maintained mediated by the principles of a methodological approach - the Etnomethodology, that while central guide provided us clues to unveil the lived world by our people-playful , in a universe of 15 members, that allowed themselves to comprehend, comment, analyze. This way, grasping the object in interactions arised and provoked by narrative interview, it was systematically dialected by (re) interpretation of images and formulations of people-playful, enriched by their beliefs, myths, conceptions and rituals inherent to knowledge from cultural experience, which each one attuned with Brazilian and international history, in a mixture of senses echoed from songs and tales. Inspired in drummings and percussions, clothing and choreographies of gestures and expressions, in mixtures produced in unit interactions in the multiplicity shown as necessary requests to the totality of life, with ludicity the rescue of the past, the conquest of present and the construction of future was the axle guide. This rich process of scientific creation made us realize that is possible qualify and empower the praxis in the rule and area of leisure incorporating the knowledge from cultural experience. What also becomes possible is the recuperation of objective revolutionaries and changing conditions of praxis itself with the view of strengthening and triggerment of vital elements in the rule and area of leisure. We also reaffirm that from this praxis emerge elements necessary to human formation in plenitude, by the appropriation of knowledge that guide the facing of challenges of a complex and plural world that valorize education, corporeity and leisure