Interplay Between Structure, Stoichiometry, and Electron Transfer Dynamics in SILAR-based Quantum Dot-Sensitized Oxides

We quantify the rate and efficiency of picosecond electron transfer (ET) from PbS nanocrystals, grown by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR), into a mesoporous SnO2 support. Successive SILAR deposition steps allow for stoichiometry- and size-variation of the QDs, characterized using transmission electron microscopy. Whereas for sulfur-rich (p-type) QD surfaces substantial electron trapping at the QD surface occurs, for lead-rich (n-type) QD surfaces, the QD trapping channel is suppressed and the ET efficiency is boosted. The ET efficiency increase achieved by lead-rich QD surfaces is found to be QD-size dependent, increasing linearly with QD surface area. On the other hand, ET rates are found to be independent of both QD size and surface stoichiometry, suggesting that the donor–acceptor energetics (constituting the driving force for ET) are fixed due to Fermi level pinning at the QD/oxide interface. Implications of our results for QD-sensitized solar cell design are discussed.

Transport across two interacting quantum dots: Bulk Kondo, Kondo box, and molecular regimes

We analyze the transport properties of a double quantum dot device with both dots coupled to perfect conducting leads and to a finite chain of N noninteracting sites connecting both of them. The interdot chain strongly influences the transport across the system and the local density of states of the dots. We study the case of a small number of sites, so that Kondo box effects are present, varying the coupling between the dots and the chain. For odd N and small coupling between the interdot chain and the dots, a state with two coexisting Kondo regimes develops: the bulk Kondo due to the quantum dots connected to leads and the one produced by the screening of the quantum dot spins by the spin in the finite chain at the Fermi level. As the coupling to the interdot chain increases, there is a crossover to a molecular Kondo effect, due to the screening of the molecule (formed by the finite chain and the quantum dots) spin by the leads. For even N the two Kondo temperatures regime does not develop and the physics is dominated by the usual competition between Kondo and antiferromagnetism between the quantum dots. We finally study how the transport properties are affected as N is increased. For the study we used exact multiconfigurational Lanczos calculations and finite-U slave-boson mean-field theory at T=0. The results obtained with both methods describe qualitatively and also quantitatively the same physics.

Aceleración de corrientes eólicas de reducida velocidad para la generación eléctrica doméstica

En los últimos años, los sistemas que utilizan como fuente recursos renovables se han posicionado como una interesante alternativa para la producción de energía. Entre las fuentes disponibles, la energía eólica viene configurándose como una de las fuentes de energía renovable con mayor crecimiento en los últimos años. En este trabajo se propone el aprovechamiento de las corrientes eólicas circulantes sobre la superficie terrestre para la producción de electricidad con el fin de abastecer buena parte de la demanda en viviendas aisladas, pequeñas instalaciones agropecuarias, equipamiento de servicio ubicado en lugares remotos, etc. Por lo general estas brisas tienen una baja densidad energética, por ello proponemos una interfaz mecánica que concentre las masas de aire, acelerando su circulación y alcanzando importantes incrementos en la velocidad de impulsión. La primera parte se centra en la elaboración de un procedimiento de caracterización a partir de la metodología científica con el cual modelar una estructura concentradora de flujo eólico válida para un aerogenerador de eje vertical. Este método trata el diseño de un elemento acelerador capaz de optimizar el aprovechamiento de estas brisas con independencia de la dirección de éstas. Su diseño viene dado por la resolución de un conjunto de objetivos fundamentales, dotando al sistema de unas prestaciones particulares en relación a su arquitectura y operatividad. Estos objetivos son los siguientes: - Operatividad ante cualquier dirección eólica adoptada - Incremento del rendimiento potencial de la turbina de eje vertical - Minimizar el desarrollo de efectos turbulentos alrededor del sistema integrado - Capacidad resolutiva ante la presencia de fuertes vientos - Estabilidad estructural - Compatibilidad ante instalaciones propias del volumen arquitectónico - Control global del rendimiento del sistema. La segunda parte aborda el modelado del prototipo y el análisis de su comportamiento mediante simulaciones en el ámbito de la fluidodinámica computacional. El resultado es un prototipo caracterizado por una arquitectura capaz de sectorizar la entrada de viento en diferentes tramos inyectando el flujo eólico estratégicamente. La incorporación de la interfaz sobre el rotor aumenta la superficie de captación eólica, facilitando su entrada a través de las diferentes aberturas y llevando a cabo su concentración según avanza por los tramo de circulación. Una vez finalizado dicho avance, el flujo es inyectado en un rango angular de nido por la elevada fuerza de sustentación capaz de generarse gracias a la incidencia del flujo eólico, aprovechando las particularidades que ofrece la rotación de este tipo de rotores. El resultado de la inyección sectorizada es el desarrollo de una circulación interior vorticial que incide permanentemente en el rango de sustentación característico del perfil aerodinámico que define la geometría de la pala de rotación. Ello provoca que se alcance un funcionamiento nominal a velocidades reducidas. En este proceso se incluyen las acciones necesarias para dar una respuesta eficiente a cualquier tipo e solicitación eólica. En presencia de velocidades de relativa importancia, la interfaz concentradora adapta su arquitectura con el fin de regular la entrada de flujo, retrasando la activación de los dispositivos reguladores propios de la turbina eólica. En presencia de vientos importantes, la interfaz dispone de los mecanismos necesarios para proceder al cierre de las aberturas procediendo a la parada del rotor. La validación de los prototipos elaborados se ha llevado a cabo mediante simulación computacional CFD. Los resultados confirman la consecución de un funcionamiento nominal a velocidades más reducidas, una mayor superficie de captación y periodo de tiempo de funcionamiento efectivo en comparación a las turbinas convencionales. Para el caso práctico modelado los resultados mejoran en más de 2.5 veces la potencia generada y multiplican por cuatro la fuerza ejercida sobre las palas de la turbina. La elaboración de un método preciso para el diseño de este tipo de estructuras concentradoras posibilita que se pueda alcanzar un diseño en función a las necesidades del usuario, o las condiciones eólicas de un emplazamiento dado. A ello hay que unir su compatibilidad de uso y montaje con sistemas de captación solar, conformando un sistema híbrido capaz de aprovechar tanto la energía solar como eólica para el abastecimiento autónomo. Esta característica incrementa el ratio de zonas geográficas donde se puede llevar a cabo su implantación. Las últimas páginas están reservadas a esbozar las líneas futuras de desarrollo y evolución, tanto en términos de e ciencia productiva como en su incorporación a nuevos volúmenes arquitectónicos y estructuras civiles en general.

Escenas de la gleba

Mode of access: Internet.

Proceedings of the Drell Yan Workshop, Fermilab, October 7 and 8, 1982.

Mode of access: Internet.

Spin dependence of slow neutron scattering by deuterons /

Work performed at the Argonne National Laboratory.

Physicomathematical aspects of biology.

Course held July 11-30, 1960.

Manuel général des plantes arbres et arbustes, comprenant leur origine, description, culture; leur application aux jardins d'agrément, à l'agriculture, aux forêts, aux usages domestiques, aux arts et a l'industrie, et classés selon la méthode de Decandolle

No dates in volumes. Lorenz and Pritzel give 1845-62; British Museum (Natural History) and United States Dept. of Agriculture give 1845-57; Arnold Arboretum library catalog gives: 1, 1847; 2 [1847?]; 3 [1847?]; 4, 1857.

A study of the airplane crash hazard at the PRDC site /

"Study prepared for Prof. W. McGuire, Cornell University."

Developments in the Theory of X-ray Absorption and Compton Scattering.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Dynamical properties of a strongly correlated model for quarter-filled layered organic molecular crystals

The dynamical properties of an extended Hubbard model, which is relevant to quarter-filled layered organic molecular crystals, are analyzed. We have computed the dynamical charge correlation function, spectral density, and optical conductivity using Lanczos diagonalization and large-N techniques. As the ratio of the nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion, V, to the hopping integral, t, increases there is a transition from a metallic phase to a charge-ordered phase. Dynamical properties close to the ordering transition are found to differ from the ones expected in a conventional metal. Large-N calculations display an enhancement of spectral weight at low frequencies as the system is driven closer to the charge-ordering transition in agreement with Lanczos calculations. As V is increased the charge correlation function displays a collective mode which, for wave vectors close to (pi,pi), increases in amplitude and softens as the charge-ordering transition is approached. We propose that inelastic x-ray scattering be used to detect this mode. Large-N calculations predict superconductivity with d(xy) symmetry close to the ordering transition. We find that this is consistent with Lanczos diagonalization calculations, on lattices of 20 sites, which find that the binding energy of two holes becomes negative close to the charge-ordering transition.

Competition between disorder and exchange splitting in superconducting ZrZn2

We propose a simple picture for the occurrence of superconductivity and the pressure dependence of the superconducting critical temperature, T-SC, in ZrZn2. According to our hypothesis the pairing potential is independent of pressure, but the exchange splitting, E-xc leads to a pressure dependence in the (spin dependent) density of states at the Fermi level, D-sigma (epsilon(F)). Assuming p-wave pairing T-SC is dependent on D-sigma (epsilonF) which ensures that, in the absence of non-magnetic impurities, T-SC decreases as pressure is applied until it reaches a minimum in the paramagnetic state. Disorder reduces this minimum to zero, this gives the illusion that the superconductivity disappears at the same pressure as ferromagnetism does.

Gaussian quantum Monte Carlo methods for fermions and bosons

We introduce a new class of quantum Monte Carlo methods, based on a Gaussian quantum operator representation of fermionic states. The methods enable first-principles dynamical or equilibrium calculations in many-body Fermi systems, and, combined with the existing Gaussian representation for bosons, provide a unified method of simulating Bose-Fermi systems. As an application relevant to the Fermi sign problem, we calculate finite-temperature properties of the two dimensional Hubbard model and the dynamics in a simple model of coherent molecular dissociation.

Magic-angle effects in the interlayer magnetoresistance of quasi-one-dimensional metals due to interchain incoherence

The dependence of the magnetoresistance of quasi-one-dimensional metals on the direction of the magnetic field show dips when the field is tilted at the so-called magic angles determined by the structural dimensions of the materials. There is currently no accepted explanation for these magic-angle effects. We present a possible explanation. Our model is based on the assumption that, the intralayer transport in the second most conducting direction has a small contribution from incoherent electrons. This incoherence is modeled by a small uncertainty in momentum perpendicular to the most conducting (chain) direction. Our model predicts the magic angles seen in interlayer transport measurements for different orientations of the field. We compare our results to predictions by other models and to experiment.

Three-dimensional solitons in coupled atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates

We present a theoretical analysis of three-dimensional (3D) matter-wave solitons and their stability properties in coupled atomic and molecular Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The soliton solutions to the mean-field equations are obtained in an approximate analytical form by means of a variational approach. We investigate soliton stability within the parameter space described by the atom-molecule conversion coupling, the atom-atom s-wave scattering, and the bare formation energy of the molecular species. In terms of ordinary optics, this is analogous to the process of sub- or second-harmonic generation in a quadratic nonlinear medium modified by a cubic nonlinearity, together with a phase mismatch term between the fields. While the possibility of formation of multidimensional spatiotemporal solitons in pure quadratic media has been theoretically demonstrated previously, here we extend this prediction to matter-wave interactions in BEC systems where higher-order nonlinear processes due to interparticle collisions are unavoidable and may not be neglected. The stability of the solitons predicted for repulsive atom-atom interactions is investigated by direct numerical simulations of the equations of motion in a full 3D lattice. Our analysis also leads to a possible technique for demonstrating the ground state of the Schrodinger-Newton and related equations that describe Bose-Einstein condensates with nonlocal interparticle forces.