Resposta da pressão arterial ao esforço em adolescentes: influência do sobrepeso e obesidade

FUNDAMENTO: A resposta aguda da pressão arterial ao esforço tem sido utilizada como indicador de risco para o desenvolvimento de hipertensão arterial. Os fatores associados com essa resposta precisam ser esclarecidos a fim de se intervir na prevenção da doença hipertensiva. OBJETIVO: Descrever o comportamento das variáveis cardiovasculares ao esforço agudo em adolescentes com excesso de peso, por meio de teste cardiopulmonar. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída de 104 adolescentes (56 meninos e 48 meninas), divididos nos grupos de sobrepeso/obesos (GSO) e eutróficos (GE). Foram aferidas variáveis antropométricas (peso, estatura e IMC), de composição corporal (dobra cutânea) e variáveis hemodinâmicas de pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) e freqüência cardíaca (FC), no repouso e no esforço máximo do teste cardiopulmonar. RESULTADOS: No grupo masculino, identificaram-se maiores valores de pressão arterial sistólica de repouso para o GSO, quando comparados com o GE (113 ± 13 vs 106 ± 8 mmHg; p = 0,009), a PAS pré-exercício (120 ± 14 vs 109 ± 10 mmHg; p = 0,003) e de PAS na carga máxima de trabalho (156 ± 20 vs 146 ± 14 mmHg; p = 0,03). No grupo feminino, apenas a PAS pré-exercício foi superior no grupo de sobrepeso, quando isso foi comparado com as eutróficas (114 ± 11 vs 106 ± 10 mmHg; p = 0,009). CONCLUSÃO: A resposta pressórica durante o exercício foi mais exacerbada em adolescentes obesos quando comparada com àquela obtida em eutróficos, o que indica maior reatividade ao estresse físico.

Mortalidade global e cardiovascular e fatores de risco de pacientes em hemodiálise

FUNDAMENTO: Mortalidade global e cardiovascular (CV) elevada de pacientes em hemodiálise. OBJETIVO: Avaliação da mortalidade global e CV e identificação do risco de pacientes em hemodiálise. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, prospectivo. Estudados 334 pacientes em três anos. Desfechos primários: mortalidade global e CV. Sobrevida avaliada pelo método de Kaplan-Meier. Identificação de variáveis de risco pela Regressão de Cox, bi e multivariada. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 189 (56,6%) homens, idade 48,8 ± 14,2 anos, maioria de não brancos (295[88,3%]) e com escolaridade de 0 a menor que 8 anos (211[63,2%]). Mortalidade total de 21,6% (72/334), 50% sobrevivendo 146 meses, e mortalidade CV de 41,7%(30/72), 75% sobrevivendo 141 meses. Na análise bivariada, o RR de óbito não cardiovascular (ONCV) e CV aumentou com Idade >60 anos, Hb < 9,0 g/dl e glicemia de jejum >126 mg/dl; de ONCV apenas, com baixa escolaridade, viuvez, Hb<11,0 g/dl, Ht<33,0%, glicemia de jejum >100 mg/dl, produto Ca x P <42 e creatinina >9,2 mg/dl; diminuiu com PA>140/90 mmHg (antes da sessão de HD) e Ht>36%; de óbito CV apenas, aumentou com creatinina >9,4 mg/dl. Na análise multivariada, o RR de ONCV e CV aumentou com idade >60 anos e Hb<9 g/dl; o RR de óbito CV aumentou com glicemia>126 mg/dl e o de ONCV com taxa de remoção de ureia na hemodiálise (Kt/V) <1,2. CONCLUSÃO: A mortalidade global e CV de pacientes em hemodiálise é elevada. Os fatores de risco independentes para ONCV e CV foram idade >60 anos e Hb<9 g/dl, para óbito CV apenas glicemia >126 mg/dl e ONCV Kt/V<1,2. Vale assinalar a importância do monitoramento na correção e prevenção desses três últimos fatores.

Efetividade e segurança dos stents farmacológicos em um serviço de cardiologia em Curitiba-PR

FUNDAMENTO: A efetividade e segurança de stents farmacológicos (SF) ainda têm sido questionadas. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a efetividade e segurança desses stents, e a incidência da revascularização da lesão tratada (RLT), além de identificar possíveis variáveis que influenciam a necessidade de RLT. MÉTODOS: Selecionaram-se 203 pacientes do Hospital Costantini que tiveram acompanhamento clínico no período de 1 a 3 anos. RESULTADOS: Observou-se o seguinte quadro: 470 lesões; 171 (84,24%) pacientes eram homens; 54 (26,6%), diabéticos; 131 (64,35%), hipertensos; 127 (62,56%), dislipidêmicos; 40 (19,70%), tabagistas; e 79 (38,92%) apresentavam história familiar de coronariopatia. Ainda: 49 (24,14%) pacientes apresentavam angina estável; 58 (28,57%), angina instável; e 6 (2,96%), infarto agudo do miocárdio. Desses pacientes, 85 (41,87%) eram assintomáticos, e 146 (71,92%), multiarteriais. Nas características das lesões, 77,45% foram B2/C (AHA/ACC). Taxus foi implantado em 73,62% dos pacientes. Em 381 (81,96%), constataram-se stents com diâmetro > 2,5 mm. O comprimento de stent era < 30 mm em 67,87% das lesões, com média de 2,3 stents por paciente. Após acompanhamento, 19 pacientes (9,3%) submeteram-se à RLT. Houve morte de 4 pacientes (1,97%), sendo 2 pacientes por IAM (0,98%), um com AVC (0,49%) e um com aneurisma de aorta abdominal (0,49%). Ainda observamos um paciente com trombose tardia (0,49%) e um com reinfarto (0,49%). Na análise estatística realizada, apenas a característica da lesão em bifurcação aproximou-se de significância estatística com p < 0,06. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que os stents farmacológicos apresentam boa efetividade e segurança, observamos incidência de 9,3% de RLT e não identificamos variável que indicasse a necessidade de RLT.

Химический состав атмосферных осадков из облаков различных синоптических ситуаций, подвергнутых и неподвергнутых искусственному воздействмю

სტატიაში გამოკვლეულია აღმოსავლეთ საქართველოს ატმოსფერულ ნალექებში ზოგიერთი იონებისა და მიკროელემენტების კონცენტრაციები ატმოსფერული პროცესების ტიპებთან და ღრუბლებზე აქტიური ზემოქმედების მასშტაბთან დამოკიდებულებაში. ამასთან ერთად დადგენილია მოცემული რეგიონისათვის ხსენებული იონებისა და მიკროელემენტების კონცენტრაციათა ფონური მნიშვნელობები.

[თქ(უ)მ(უ)ლი [წ]მიდისა მამისა ჩ(უე)ნისა ისაკ გ[ან]{შო}რებულისა ასურისა]

I-II +1r-200v 2 წიგნი; I წიგნი I - II - 1r-95r Inc. [თქ(უ)მ(უ)ლი [წ]მიდისა მამისა ჩ(უე)ნისა ისაკ გ[ან]{შო}რებულისა ასურისა Des. სულმნ რნ გულისხმაყოს წყლბჲ; II წიგნი 95v-200v Inc. რ უნცა ესე ვრთა საქმეთაგნ დადვა საფარველი Des. მაშინ თევდორა წავლინნა მის თანა მყოფნი მონანი...; დაზიანებული, ნაკლული, პირველი რვეულიდან შემორჩენილია მხოლოდ 4 ფურცელი, აკლია შუა და ბოლო ნაწილი, ასევე ისაკ ასურის სწავლების 38–ე თავი სრულად. 146 ფურცლის წინ აკლია ერთი ფურცელი, ასევე დეფექტურია 147v და 154 ფურცლები.

The Biological bulletin.

v. 146 (1974)

Effects of Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Chagas Heart Disease

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is a marker of autonomic dysfunction severity. The effects of physical training on HRV indexes in Chagas heart disease (CHD) are not well established. Objective: To evaluate the changes in HRV indexes in response to physical training in CHD. Methods: Patients with CHD and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, physically inactive, were randomized either to the intervention (IG, N = 18) or control group (CG, N = 19). The IG participated in a 12-week exercise program consisting of 3 sessions/week. Results: Mean age was 49.5 ± 8 years, 59% males, mean LVEF was 36.3 ± 7.8%. Baseline HRV indexes were similar between groups. From baseline to follow-up, total power (TP): 1653 (IQ 625 - 3418) to 2794 (1617 - 4452) ms, p = 0.02) and very low frequency power: 586 (290 - 1565) to 815 (610 - 1425) ms, p = 0.047) increased in the IG, but not in the CG. The delta (post - pre) HRV indexes were similar: SDNN 11.5 ± 30.0 vs. 3.7 ± 25.1 ms. p = 0.10; rMSSD 2 (6 - 17) vs. 1 (21 - 9) ms. p = 0.43; TP 943 (731 - 3130) vs. 1780 (921 - 2743) Hz. p = 0.46; low frequency power (LFP) 1.0 (150 - 197) vs. 60 (111 - 146) Hz. p = 0.85; except for high frequency power, which tended to increase in the IG: 42 (133 - 92) vs. 79 (61 - 328) Hz. p = 0.08). Conclusion: In the studied population, the variation of HRV indexes was similar between the active and inactive groups. Clinical improvement with physical activity seems to be independent from autonomic dysfunction markers in CHD.

Post-Acute Coronary Syndrome Alcohol Abuse: Prospective Evaluation in the ERICO Study

Background:Some studies have indicated alcohol abuse as one of the contributors to the development of cardiovascular disease, particularly coronary heart disease. However, this relationship is controversial.Objective:To investigate the relationship between post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) alcohol abuse in the Acute Coronary Syndrome Registry Strategy (ERICO Study).Methods:146 participants from the ERICO Study answered structured questionnaires and underwent laboratory evaluations at baseline, 30 days and 180 days after ACS. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was applied to assess harmful alcohol consumption in the 12 months preceding ACS (30 day-interview) and six months after that.Results:The frequencies of alcohol abuse were 24.7% and 21.1% in the 12 months preceding ACS and six months after that, respectively. The most significant cardiovascular risk factors associated with high-risk for alcohol abuse 30 days after the acute event were: male sex (88.9%), current smoking (52.8%) and hypertension (58.3%). Six months after the acute event, the most significant results were replicated in our logistic regression, for the association between alcohol abuse among younger individuals [35-44 year-old multivariate OR: 38.30 (95% CI: 1.44-1012.56) and 45-54 year-old multivariate OR: 10.10 (95% CI: 1.06-96.46)] and for smokers [current smokers multivariate OR: 51.09 (95% CI: 3.49-748.01) and past smokers multivariate OR: 40.29 (95% CI: 2.37-685.93)].Conclusion:Individuals younger than 54 years and smokers showed a significant relation with harmful alcohol consumption, regardless of the ACS subtype.

Pathogenicity mechanisms of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter fetus : characterization of pathogenicity factors and signaling in host cell invasion

Campylobacter jejuni, CadF, actin cytoskeleton, GTPases, signaling

Human Tissue Kallikrein Activity in Angiographically Documented Chronic Stable Coronary Artery Disease

AbstractBackground:Human tissue kallikrein (hK1) is a key enzyme in the kallikrein–kinin system (KKS). hK1-specific amidase activity is reduced in urine samples from hypertensive and heart failure (HF) patients. The pathophysiologic role of hK1 in coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear.Objective:To evaluate hK1-specific amidase activity in the urine of CAD patientsMethods:Sixty-five individuals (18–75 years) who underwent cardiac catheterism (CATH) were included. Random midstream urine samples were collected immediately before CATH. Patients were classified in two groups according to the presence of coronary lesions: CAD (43 patients) and non-CAD (22 patients). hK1 amidase activity was estimated using the chromogenic substrate D-Val-Leu-Arg-Nan. Creatinine was determined using Jaffé’s method. Urinary hK1-specific amidase activity was expressed as µM/(min · mg creatinine) to correct for differences in urine flow rates.Results:Urinary hK1-specific amidase activity levels were similar between CAD [0.146 µM/(min ·mg creatinine)] and non-CAD [0.189 µM/(min . mg creatinine)] patients (p = 0.803) and remained similar to values previously reported for hypertensive patients [0.210 µM/(min . mg creatinine)] and HF patients [0.104 µM/(min . mg creatinine)]. CAD severity and hypertension were not observed to significantly affect urinary hK1-specific amidase activity.Conclusion:CAD patients had low levels of urinary hK1-specific amidase activity, suggesting that renal KKS activity may be reduced in patients with this disease.

On design and control of simulated moving bed plants

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Diss., 2010

Numerical analysis of finite volume schemes for population balance equations

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Mathematik, Diss., 2011

Biologia da Arsenura xanthopus (Walker, 1855) ( Lepidoptera - Adelocephalidae ), praga do «Açoita-Cavalo» (Luehea spp.) e notas sôbre seus inimigos naturais

Biology of Arsenura xanthopus (Walker, 1855) (Lep., Adelocephalidae), a pest of Luehea spp. (Tiliaceae), and notes on its natural enemies. In the beginning of 1950, one of the Authors made some observations about the biology of Arsenura xanthopus (Walker), in Piracicaba, State of S. Paulo, Brazil. From 1951 to 1953, both Authors continued the observations on such an important Adelocephalidae, the caterpillars of which represent a serious pest of Luehea spp. leaves. Actually, in some occasions, the caterpillars can destroy completely the leaves of the trees. The species is efficientely controlled by two natural enemies: an egg parasite (Tetrastichus sp., Hym., Eulophidae) and a fly attacking the last instar caterpillar (Winthemia tricolor (van der Wulp), Dip., Tachinidae). Tetrastichus sp. can destroy 100% of the eggs and the fly, 70 to 100% of the caterpillars. Indeed, facts as such are very interesting because we rarely know of a case of so complete a control of a pest by an insect. A. xanthopus had not yet been mentioned in our literature. Actually neither the systematic bibliography nor the economic one has treated of this species. However, a few other species of Arsenura are already known as living on Luehea spp. According to the Authors' observations, W. tricolor was also unknown by the Brazilian entomological literature. Arsenura xanthopus (Walker, 1855) After giving the sinonimy and a few historical data concerning the species, and its geographical distribution, the Authors discuss its placing in the genus Arsenura Duncan or Rhescyntis Huebner, finishing by considering Arsenura xanthopus as a valid name. The Authors put the species in the family Adelocephalidae, as it has been made by several entomologists. The host plant The species of Tiliaceae plants belonging to the genus Luehea are called "açoita-cavalo" and are well known for the usefulness of their largely utilized wood. The genus comprises exclusively American plants, including about 25 species distributed throughout the Latin America. Luehea divaricata Mart, is the best known species and the most commonly cultivated. Biology of Arsenura xanthopus Our observations show that the species passes by 6 larval stages. Eggs and egg-postures, all the 6 instars of the caterpillars as well as the chrysalid are described. The pupal period is the longest of the cycle, taking from 146 to 256 days. Data on the eclosion and habits of the caterpillars are also presented. A redescription of the adult is also given. Our specimens agreed with BOUVIER's description, except in the dimension between the extremities of the extended wings, which is a little shorter (107 mm according to BOUVlErVs paper against from 80 to 100mm in our individuals). Winthemia tricolor (van der Wulp, 1890) Historical data, geographical distribution and host are first related. W. tricolor had as yet a single known host-; Ar^-senura armida (Cramer). This chapter also contains some observations on the biolcn gy of the fly and on its behaviour when trying to lay eggs on the caterpillars' skin. The female of W. tricolor lays from 1 to 33 eggs on the skin of the last instar caterpillar. The mam region of the body where the eggs are laid are the membranous legs. Eggs are also very numerous oh the ventral surface of the thorax and abdomen. The. preference for such regions is easily cleared up considering the position assumed by the caterpillar when fixed motionless in a branch. In such an occasion, the fly approaches, the victim, puts the ovipositor out and lays the eggs on different parts of the body, mainly on the mentioned regions, which are much more easily reached. The eggs of the fly are firmly attached to the host's skin, being almost impossible to detach them, without having them broken. The minute larvae of the fly enter the body of, the host when it transforms into chrysalid. Chrysalids recentely formed and collected in nature f requentely show a few small larvae walking on its skin and looking for an adequate place to get into the body. A few larvae die by remaining in the skin of the caterpillar which is pushed away to some distance by the active movements of the chrysalid recentely formed. From 1 to 10 larvae completely grown may emerge from the attacked chrysalid about 8 days after their penetrating into the caterpillars' body and soon begin to look for an adequate substratum where they can transform themselves into pupae. In natural conditions, the metamorphosis occurs in the soil. The flies appear within 15 days. Tetrastichus sp. This microhymenoptera is economically the most interesting parasite, being commonly able to destroy the whole pos^ ture of the moth. Indeed, some days after the beginning of the infestation of the trees, it is almost impossible to obtain postures completely free of parasites. The active wasp introduces the ovipositor into the egg of the moth, laying its egg inside, from 80 to 120 seconds after having introduced it. A single adult wasp emerges from each egg. Sarcophaga lambens Wiedemann, 1830 During the observations carried out, the Authors obtained 10 flies from a chysalid that were recognized as belonging to the species above. S. lambens is a widely distributed Sarcophagidae, having a long list of hosts. It is commonly obtained from weak or died invertebrates, having no importance as one of their natural enemies. Sinonimy, list of hosts and distribution are presented in this paper. Control of Arsenura xanthopus A test has been carefully made in the laboratory just to find out the best insecticide for controlling A. xanthopus caterpillars. Four different products were experimented (DDT, Pa-rathion, BHC and Fenatox), the best results having been obtained with DDT at 0,25%. However, the Authors believe in spite of the initial damages of the trees, that the application of an insecticide may be harmful by destroying the natural agents of control. A biological desiquilibrium may in this way take place. The introduction of the parasites studied (Tetrastichus sp. and Winthemia tricolor) seems to be the most desirable measure to fight A. xanthopus.

Miniaturisierte Aktuatoren für die Umsetzung optischer Funktionalitäten in medizinischen Videoendoskopen

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Maschinenbau, Diss., 2012

Beitrag zur frühzeitigen Abschätzung der Produktkomplexität und zur Definition einfacher Produkte

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Maschinenbau, Diss., 2013