710 resultados para prejuízo
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Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB
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Ergogenic substances are all nutritional or pharmacological additional devices which physiologically influence on the individual's performance. Currently, the practice of physical exercises that modern gyms have is growing and embracing a new recreational space for the population. In particular, for the male audience, weight training; and for the female audience, aerobic gymnastics. This study has the objective of explaining the importance of ergogenic resources in the physiological and psychological planes, emphasizing the point that supplementation is really valid and beneficial. To achieve the objective of the study, a literature review will be carried out, searching for scientific articles published in books, magazines and online newspapers that address some issues that cut across the thematic proposed in this work. From the point of view of Sport Psychology, the issues discussed on body image and emotional changes have concerns professionals of this area, but the literature suggests it is unnecessary the use of ergogenic substances to the concreteness of that purpose. Supplements of any kind will not be enough to transform the psychological and physiological aspects, the way the media assume conclusively. Thus, with our documentary research, we started a provocation that feeds new studies in the area. We conclude that supplementation is a resource that should be used in the final occasion, that is, if the bodybuilders (non-athletes) have time to be nourished from the normal diet, the use of supplements like whey and creatine, are not needed. Used appropriately supplements do not result in physiological damage, however, can contribute beneficially to the individual's nutrition, thus the abusing dosages, in addition to financial loss, can cause damage to the body
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV
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Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Two experiments (E) were carried out with the objective of evaluating the effects of fumaric acid and carbo-amino-fosfo-quelato of calcium diets of weaned pigs on performance (E1) and intestinal morphology (E2). A total of 96 and 32 pigs with initial mean weights of 5,66 kg ± 0,44kg and 5,34 ± 0,45kg , in E1 and in E2, were used respectively. Randomized block designs were used in both experiments, with a 2 X 2 factorial arrangement in E1 and a 2 X 2 X 2 factorial arrangement in E2. No interaction between acidifier, source of calcium and phosphorus were found for the variables studied in the two experiments. No treatment effects were found on daily feed intake in evaluating periods. Feed conversion from 0 to 17 days was better (P<0.05) when inorganic sources of Ca and P were fed; however, no difference was observed in other periods. The averages of villus height (AV), crypt depth (PC), AV: PC relationship and mucous membrane of the duodenum and of the jejunum didn’t differ among treatments. Considering the total nursery period, no benefit was found in using an acidifier, however the carbo-amino-fosfo-quelato of calcium studied may replace the inorganic sources in the diets of piglets, with no damage to performance and to intestinal morphology.
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The aim of this study was to verify the influence of different doses of biofertilizers made from waste produced by cattle and pigs at growing-finishing on nutritive value of Piatã grass. The experiment was carried out at green house using a split plot design with a completely randomized factorial. Plots were divided into eight treatments: four doses of two biofertilizers, and four different periods of subplots cut. Biofertilizers were applied at a single dose, after the cut to standardize the plots, using doses of Nitrogen of 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 . The results showed no significant difference among types of biofertilizer and also, the biofertilizer x dose interaction was not significant, making possible to recommend both of biofertilizers, with no risk of plant injure. Contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin showed negative linear behavior as a function of increasing doses of nitrogen. Contents of crude protein and “in vitro” dry matter digestibility coefficients replied linearly and positively to nitrogen doses. It also observed the effect of cut periods, since plants that were cut in summer showed nutritive value superior to those plants that were cut in autumn.
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The present study aimed to analyze indicators of energy efficiency and economic production of piglets from family farmers in Paraná. We sought to determine possible differences in energy efficiencies and economic producers who manufactured rations on their property and those who bought rations Cooperative. The sample was obtained by accessibility (six producers who manufactured and six who bought rations) and not probabilistic, and the raw data were transformed into energy and economic units, and processed in electronic spreadsheets. The two production systems of piglets in the nursery phase, family farming, showed negative energy balance, with energy inputs higher than outputs. The two systems of rearing piglets showed no differences in energy efficiency, ie, they were not self-sufficient and needed to import energy sources from other systems. The indicators of economic efficiency of producers who buy rations as those who produce them in their properties were less than unity. Thus, most producers did not generate enough revenue to pay the costs in the short term and lost money.
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This paper presents the application and use of a methodology based on fuzzy theory and simulates its use in intelligent control of a hybrid system for generating electricity, using solar energy, photovoltaic and wind. When using a fuzzy control system, it reached the point of maximum generation of energy, thus shifting all energy generated from the alternative sources-solar photovoltaic and wind, cargo and / or batteries when its use not immediately. The model uses three variables used for entry, which are: wind speed, solar radiation and loading the bank of batteries. For output variable has to choose which of the batteries of the battery bank is charged. For the simulations of this work is used MATLAB software. In this environment mathematical computational are analyzed and simulated all mathematical modeling, rules and other variables in the system described fuzzy. This model can be used in a system of control of hybrid systems for generating energy, providing the best use of energy sources, sun and wind, so we can extract the maximum energy possible these alternative sources without any prejudice to the environment.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB