El Joc en el desenvolupament infantil

En el joc hi conflueixen i s’entrellacen múltiples capacitats psicològiques de gran importància en el desenvolupament infantil i juvenil. L’objectiu d’aquest article ha estat analitzar el substrat psicològic de la conducta lúdica en la seva gènesi i posterior evolució. Hem parat especial atenció en l’aparició de la funció semiòtica, en els processos cognitius que hi estan implicats i en el paper decisiu que hi juga la comunicació. Finalment, reflexionem sobre una de les manifestacions més genuïnes del comportament humà, la recursivitat, la qual s’assoleix a través del llenguatge i el joc, se serveix d’aquests elements i, al mateix temps, en propulsa el desenvolupament.

El joc : reflexions psiconalítiques

Una de les principals preocupacions de l’ésser humà és la de desenvolupar capacitats que li permetin manejar la realitat, tant externa com interna. El joc, precisament, obre la possibilitat de crear un espai intermedi entre el que hi ha a fora (la realitat externa) i el que hi ha a dins (les necessitats personals, els desitjos, els sentiments). A l’infant, el joc que té lloc en aquest espai intermedi li permet d’anar rebent i incorporant aspectes del seu entorn més immediat (pares, família, escola) mitjançant el procés d’identificació i fer-ho, no d’una manera passiva, sinó com una incorporació activa, en la qual ell també és protagonista. Un espai intermedi que, en la vida adulta, permet de jugar mentalment amb les idees, amb experiències i sensacions, construint la base de la creativitat com a activitat cultural, científica o artística. En definitiva, doncs, el valor intrapsíquic del joc en l’ésser humà permet, des del punt de vista psicoanalític, la introjecció, la simbolització i la relació.

Informe d'Autors UOC a ISI Web of Knowledge. Gener 2013

UOC

Informe d'Autors UOC a ISI Web of Knowledge. Febrer 2013

UOC

Successful migration of three tracers without identification of sentinel nodes during intraoperative lymphatic mapping for non-small cell lung cancer.

Prospective comparative evaluation of patent V blue, fluorescein and (99m)TC-nanocolloids for intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping during surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ten patients with peripherally localised clinical stage I NSCLC underwent thoracotomy and peritumoral subpleural injection of 2 ml of patent V blue dye, 1 ml of 10% fluorescein and 1ml of (99m)Tc-nanocolloids (0.4 mCi). The migration and spatial distribution pattern of the tracers was assessed by direct visualisation (patent V blue), visualisation of fluorescence signalling by a lamp of Wood (fluorescein) and radioactivity counting with a hand held gamma-probe ((99m)Tc-nanocolloids). Lymph nodes at interlobar (ATS 11), hilar (ATS 10) and mediastinal (right ATS 2,4,7; left ATS 5,6,7) levels were systematically assessed every 10 min up to 60 min after injection, followed by lobectomy and formal lymph node dissection. Successful migration from the peritumoral area to the mediastinum was observed for all three tracers up to 60 min after injection. The interlobar lympho-fatty tissue (station ATS 11) revealed an early and preferential accumulation of all three tracers for all tumours assessed and irrespective of the tumour localisation. However, no preferential accumulation in one or two distinct lymph nodes was observed up to 60 min after injection for all three tracers assessed. Intraoperative SLN mapping revealed successful migration of the tracers from the site of peritumoral injection to the mediastinum, but in a diffuse pattern without preferential accumulation in sentinel lymph nodes.

Engaging students in an e-learning experience : how to manage information resources through wikis and web blogs

The purpose of this paper is to describe the collaboration between librarians and scholars, from a virtual university, in order to facilitate collaborative learning on how to manage information resources. The personal information behaviour of e-learning students when managing information resources for academic, professional and daily life purposes was studied from 24 semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The results of the content analysis of the interview' transcriptions, highlighted that in the workplace and daily life contexts, competent information behaviour is always linked to a proactive attitude, that is to say, that participants seek for information without some extrinsic reward or avoiding punishment. In the academic context, it was observed a low level of information literacy and it seems to be related with a prevalent uninvolved attitude.

¿Favorece la publicación en abierto el impacto de los artículos científicos? Un estudio empírico en el ámbito de la medicina intensiva

Peer-reviewed

Identification of Research Portfolio for the Development of Filtration Equipment

This piece of work which is Identification of Research Portfolio for Development of Filtration Equipment aims at presenting a novel approach to identify promising research topics in the field of design and development of filtration equipment and processes. The projected approach consists of identifying technological problems often encountered in filtration processes. The sources of information for the problem retrieval were patent documents and scientific papers that discussed filtration equipments and processes. The problem identification method adopted in this work focussed on the semantic nature of a sentence in order to generate series of subject-action-object structures. This was achieved with software called Knowledgist. List of problems often encountered in filtration processes that have been mentioned in patent documents and scientific papers were generated. These problems were carefully studied and categorized. Suggestions were made on the various classes of these problems that need further investigation in order to propose a research portfolio. The uses and importance of other methods of information retrieval were also highlighted in this work.

Entre estadis i trinxeres. L'esport i la guerra civil a Catalunya (1936-1939)

Els treballs sobre la presència d’activitats vinculades a la cultura de masses durant la Guerra Civil espanyola han estat extensos en els casos de la literatura, el teatre, la premsa, la radiodifusió o el cinematògraf. En el cas de l’esport les recerques existents són encara molt generals i descriptives. El desenvolupament d’aquest tipus d’activitats en la reraguarda catalana, en canvi, va ser extens i amb significats molt diversos en el sí d’una societat –la dels anys trenta- que ja s’havia acostumat al consum de l’esport en els anys de preguerra i que, en una situació extraordinària com aquella, el va incorporar en funció dels interessos i les necessitats pròpies del context. Tot partint de diverses recerques prèvies realitzades entre 1994 i 2005 sobre documentació oficial de la Generalitat de Catalunya i de la premsa general i especialitzada, podem afirmar que l’esport a la Catalunya en guerra fou molt rellevant tant com espectacle com també en la preparació bèl·lica i que jugà un paper destacat des dels punts de vista propagandístic, de solidaritat, estratègic i d’aglutinador social, semblant al d’altres manifestacions de la cultura de masses durant la contesa.

La naturalesa de la tàctica esportiva: aproximacions a la seva mesura

La tàctica esportiva, la relació de l’esportista amb els altres esportistes de l’entorn o les aptituds interactives dels individus fent esport centren la refl exió del present article. S’aprofundeix en el marc de referència i en la visió de diversos autors del fenomen tàctic a l’esport. S’aporta una anàlisi etimològica dels termes vinculats i es revisen les principals propostes que s’han utilitzat per mesurar les aptituds tàctiques i cognitives a l’esport. Finalment, s’apunten algunes línies de recerca futura centrades en la utilització de les noves tecnologies.

Systematic review protocol to define classical IgE-associated diseases from birth to adolescence: the MeDALL study

BACKGROUND: Classical disease phenotypes are mainly based on descriptions of symptoms and the hypothesis that a given pattern of symptoms provides a diagnosis. With refined technologies there is growing evidence that disease expression in patients is much more diverse and subtypes need to be defined to allow a better targeted treatment. One of the aims of the Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy Project (MeDALL,FP7) is to re-define the classical phenotypes of IgE-associated allergic diseases from birth to adolescence, by consensus among experts using a systematic review of the literature and identify possible gaps in research for new disease markers. This paper describes the methods to be used for the systematic review of the classical IgE-associated phenotypes applicable in general to other systematic reviews also addressing phenotype definitions based on evidence. METHODS/DESIGN: Eligible papers were identified by PubMed search (complete database through April 2011). This search yielded 12,043 citations. The review includes intervention studies (randomized and clinical controlled trials) and observational studies (cohort studies including birth cohorts, case-control studies) as well as case series. Systematic and non-systematic reviews, guidelines, position papers and editorials are not excluded but dealt with separately. Two independent reviewers in parallel conducted consecutive title and abstract filtering scans. For publications where title and abstract fulfilled the inclusion criteria the full text was assessed. In the final step, two independent reviewers abstracted data using a pre-designed data extraction form with disagreements resolved by discussion among investigators. DISCUSSION: The systematic review protocol described here allows to generate broad,multi-phenotype reviews and consensus phenotype definitions. The in-depth analysis of the existing literature on the classification of IgE-associated allergic diseases through such a systematic review will 1) provide relevant information on the current epidemiologic definitions of allergic diseases, 2) address heterogeneity and interrelationships and 3) identify gaps in knowledge.