A humanização da saúde no cotidiano de usuários da estrategia saúde da família

This research assumes that for changes in health practices directed to an integral care, is crucial humanization, participation and autonomy of service users. In this sense, the research had investigated the issue of humanization involving users of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in city of Mossoró, having as objectives: to analyze the perceptions of users on humanization in the production of health care in daily of Family Health Strategy, from these perceptions, identify elements featuring humanized and non-humanized in everyday practices related to production of health care; relate perceptions of users about humanization with the notions of extended clinic and social participation present in the National Humanization Policy (NHP); identify difficulties and potentialities in the production of health care from the perspective of humanization. It was a qualitative approach to data collection and it was used the methodology of Network Analysis of Everyday Life (NAEL), which allowed the questioning of health practices through an interactive discussion involving participants subjected. The analysis of data through the technique of content thematic analysis was performed and the results were interpreted related the Extended Clinic references and the users participation, related with the Gift Theory discussed by Marcel Mauss. The results indicated senses humanization linked to affection, reciprocity and honesty, highlighting as essential to humanized practices the trust, bonding, listening, dialogue and accountability. Were also mentioned other elements related to the organization of health services such as access and good functioning of the health services. The difficulties and potentialities show structural deficiencies of the health system and changes in the labor process. The participation of users deconstructing and reconstructing concepts remainder humanization in the production of health care is a key factor for the sedimentation of what is proposed in the HNP. Using the privileged space of the FHE to create more active people and understanding their needs and demands, is possible path to build a participative management

Reintrodução na natureza do tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)após osteossíntese de rádio e ulna

A female, adult, 27 kg Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) was directed to the veterinary hospital by the Center ofSelection of Wild Animals (Cetas) of the Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (Ibama), afterit was found on a highway. After clinical and radiologic examination, radius and ulna fractures of the left thoracic memberwere observed. Taking in consideration to the physical status of the animal, its size, the type of fracture and resources availablein the hospital veterinary, internal fixation with Intramedullary Pinning (on the Radius and Ulna) was the treatment methodchosen. About 35 days after the surgery the animal was walking without difficulties and by x-ray it was possible to observeformation of callus. The presence of decurrent bony deformities due to the type of fixation was not found. As the animal presentedno more difficulties in walking, we opted for its reintroduction to its original environment. The aim of the present casestudy is sharing the results of the Intramedullary Pinning implantation technique, widely used in dogs and cats, now used in a Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla).

Petrologia dos granitóides brasilianos associados à zona de cisalhamento Remígio-Pocinhos(PB)

The Brasiliano Cycle in the Seridó Belt (NE Brazil) is regarded mostly as a crustal reworking event, characterized by transcurrent or transpressional shear zones which operated under high temperature and low pressure conditions. In the eastern domain of this belt- the so-called São José de Campestre Massif (SJCM), a transtensional deformation regime is evidenced by extensional components or structures associated to the strikeslip shear zones. The emplacement of the Neoproterozoic Brasiliano granitoids is strongly controled by these discontinuities. Located in the southern border of the SJCM, the Remígio-Pocinhos shear zone (RPSZ) displays, in its northern half, top to the SW extensional movement which progressively grade, towards its southern half, to a dextral strike-slip kinematics, defining a negative semi-flower structure. This shear zone is overprinted upon allocthonous metasediments of the Seridó Group and an older gneiss-migmatite complex, both of which containing metamorphic parageneses from high amphibolite to granulite facies (the latter restricted to the strike-slip zone), defining the peak conditions of deformation. Several granitoid plutons are found along this structure, emplaced coeval with the shearing event. Individually, such bodies do not exceed 30 km2 in outcropping area and are essentially parallel to the trend of the shear zone. Petrographic, textural and geochemical data allow to recognize five different granitoid suites along the RPSZ: porphyritic granites (Serra da Boa Vista and Jandaíra), alkaline granites (Serra do Algodão and Serra do Boqueirão) and medium to coarse-grained granites (Olivedos) as major plutons, while microgranite and aluminous leucogranite sheets occur as minor intrusions. The porphyritic granites are surrounded by metasediments and present sigmoidal or en cornue shapes parallel to the trend of the RPSZ, corroborating the dextral kinematics. Basic to intermediate igneous enclaves are commonly associated to these bodies, frequently displaying mingling textures with the host granitoids. Compositionally these plutons are made up by titanite-biotite monzogranites bearing amphibole and magnetite; they are peraluminous and show affinities to the monzonitic, subalkaline series. Peraluminous, ilmenite-bearing biotite monzogranites and titanite-biotite monzogranites correspond, respectivally, to the Olivedos pluton and the microgranites. The Olivedos body is hosted by metasediments, while the microgranites intrude the gneiss-migmatite complex. Being highly evolved rocks, samples from these granites plot in the crustal melt fields in discrimination diagrams. Nevertheless, their subtle alignment also looks consistent with a monzonitic, subalkaline affinity. These chemical parameters make them closer to the I-type granites. Alkaline, clearly syntectonic granites are also recognized along the RPSZ. The Serra do Algodão and Serra do Boqueirão bodies display elongated shapes parallel to the mylonite belt which runs between the northern, extensional domain and the southern strike-slip zone. The Serra do Algodão pluton shows a characteristic isoclinal fold shape structure. Compositionally they encompass aegirine-augite alkali-feldspar granites and quartz-bearing alkaline syenite bearing garnet (andradite) and magnetite plus ilmenite as opaque phases. These rocks vary from meta to peraluminous, being correlated to the A-type granites. Aluminous leucogranites bearing biotite + muscovite ± sillimanite ± garnet (S-type granites) are frequent but not volumetrically important along the RPSZ. These sheet-like bodies may be folded or boudinaged, representing partial melts extracted from the metasediments during the shear zone development. Whole-rock Rb-Sr isotope studies point to a minimum 554��10 Ma age for the crystalization of the porphyritic granites. The alkaline granites and the Olivedos granite produced ca. 530 Ma isochrons which look too young; such values probably represent the closure of the Rb-Sr radiometric clock after crystallization and deformation of the plutons, at least 575 Ma ago (Souza et al. 1998). The porphyritic and the alkaline granites crystallized under high oxygen fugacity conditions, as shown by the presence of both magnetite and hematite in these rocks. The presence of ilmenite in the Olivedos pluton suggests less oxidizing conditions. Amphibole and amphibole-plagioclase thermobarometers point to minimum conditions, around 750°C and 6 Kbars, for the crystallization of the porphyritic granites. The zirconium geothermometer indicates higher temperatures, in the order of 800°C, for the porphyritic granites, and 780°C for the Olivedos pluton. Such values agree with the thermobarometric data optained for the country rocks (5,7 Kbar and 765°C; Souza et al. 1998). The geochemical and isotope data set point to a lower crustal source for the porphyritic and the alkaline granites. Granulite facies quartz diorite to tonalite gneisses, belonging or akin to the gneiss-migmatite complex, probably dominate in the source regions. In the case of the alkaline rocks, subordinate contributions of mantle material may be present either as a mixing magma or as a previously added component to the source region. Tonalite to granodiorite gneisses, with some metasedimentary contribution, may be envisaged for the Olivedos granite. The diversity of granitoid rocks along the RPSZ is explained by its lithospheric dimension, allowing magma extraction at different levels, from the middle to lower crust down to the mantle. The presence of basic to intermediate enclaves, associated to the porphyritic granites, confirm the participation of mantle components in the magma extraction system along the RPSZ. This mega-structure is part of the network of Brasiliano-age shear zones, activated by continental collision and terrane welding processes at the end of the Neoproterozoic

Iinterpretação conjunta de dados de GPR e medidas de permeabilidade sobre um análogo de reservatório siliciclástico falhado na bacia de Tucano, no NE do Brasil

It is presented an integrated geophysical investigation of the spatial distribution of faults and deformation bands (DB´s) in a faulted siliciclastic reservoir analogue, located in Tucano Basin, Bahia State, northeastern Brazil. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and permeability measurements allowed the analysis of the influence of DB´s in the rock permeability and porosity. GPR data were processed using a suitable flow parametrization in order to highlight discontinuities in sedimentary layers. The obtained images allowed the subsurface detection of DB´s presenting displacements greater that 10 cm. A good correlation was verified between DB´s detected by GPR and those observed in surface, the latter identified using conventional structural methods. After some adaptations in the minipermeameter in order to increase measurement precision, two approaches to measure permeabilities were tested: in situ and in collected cores. The former approach provided better results than the latter and consisted of scratching the outcrop surface, followed by direct measurements on outcrop rocks. The measured permeability profiles allowed to characterize the spatial transition from DB´s to undeformed rock; variation of up to three orders of magnitude were detected. The permeability profiles also presented quasi-periodic patterns, associated with textural and granulometric changes, possibly associated to depositional cycles. Integrated interpretation of the geological, geophysical and core data, provided the subsurface identification of an increase in the DB´s number associated with a sedimentary layer presenting granulometric decrease at depths greater than 8 m. An associated sharp decrease in permeability was also measured in cores from boreholes. The obtained results reveal that radagrams, besides providing high resolution images, allowing the detection of small structures (> 10 cm), also presented a correlation with the permeability data. In this way, GPR data may be used to build upscaling laws, bridging the gap between outcrop and seismic data sets, which may result in better models for faulted reservoirs

Gerenciamento ambiental das fazendas de camarão do Rio Grande do Norte

The present dissertação had as objective to study the ambient management in the Farms Saint Rita, Tahim Agropesca and Agropesca Rigomoleiro, in the Great River of the North. For this we use as theoretical tool some fundantes concepts of geographic science, the space, and as concepts auxiliary of ambient management, of estuaries as the half natural one and of manguezais as ecosystem. The study if it gave taking in consideration a model of flow of activities of a typical farm following the way of the residues produced since the beginning until its final destination, in a suitable script of SCHERER (1999). The considered flow established a sequence activities where it is identified the material of entrance, the process of management, the residues of exit and the destination of the residues to the long one of the phase of culture of the shrimp. From it was there had been elaborated a series of managemental pictures with the data raised in the three farms, of different transports and concludes that the ambient management of these farms does not follow the formal standards of a system of typical ambient management. Collating with the system of considered by norm ISO14000 the study it disclosed that all the companies are in a situation of not conformity and that the impacts on the environment continue being many significant ones. However, it is possible to implant norm ISO14000 because some procedures implanted for the farms are correct of the point of view of the ambient management

Fatores de risco para osteoporose em mulheres na pós-menopausa do sudeste brasileiro

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Assessment of risk factors for low bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of different repair techniques on the accuracy of repositioning the fractured denture base

Objective:This study investigated the efficacy of different techniques for the union of fragments of a denture before repair and on the accuracy of the reposition.Materials and methods:For this study, 20 maxillary dentures made with Lucitone 550 heat-cured resin were used. Points were determined with a scanner on the cusp of the teeth, as a measurement of the segments. After digitisation, each model was exported to the AUTOCAD R 14 program and two-dimensional measurements of the distances between the marked points were made. After the initial analysis, the dentures were fractured into two segments using an impact test machine. For the repair, maxillary dentures were divided into two groups; in the first, the repair was carried out using Kerr's sticky wax and in the second group, Super Bonder was used to join the fragments, with subsequent inclusion of DENTSPLY((R)) Repair Material resin. After the repair, the points of the maxillary dentures were measured again. The numerical values obtained were tabulated to compare the measurements before fracture and after the repair. For statistical analysis, analysis of variance was employed, using a single factor and double factor, followed by the Tukey test with a reliability of 95%.Results:The results demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the materials used to join the dentures for repair, where the dentures were joined with sticky wax presented a larger variation in the distances between the points.Conclusion:The variation in distances between the points is influenced by the agent of repair.

Alternative Treatment Modalities for Immature Intruded Permanent Incisors: Report of 2 Cases

Intrusion of permanent teeth is one of the most severe types of traumatic injuries. Different treatment strategies have been proposed, and the best approach for each case depends on the stage of root development, severity of the intrusive luxation, presence of alveolar fracture and number of intruded teeth. The purpose of this paper is to describe the treatment management of 2 cases of severely intruded immature permanent maxillary central incisors in 71/2- and 8-year-old children. In case 1, the traumatized tooth was treated by surgical repositioning, while in case 2 watchful waiting for spontaneous re-eruption was the treatment of choice. Treatment strategies were successful in both cases, as demonstrated by the continuation of root development, maintenance of pulp vitality, and absence of signs of per/apical pathosis during the follow-up period. Regardless of the treatment strategy, traumatically intruded teeth should undergo periodical clinical and radiographic surveillance on a long-term basis to allow early detection of possible complications. (Pediotr Dent 2009;31:340-5) Received March 11, 2008 vertical bar Last Revision June 25, 2008 vertical bar Revision Accepted July 16, 2008

Bruxismo na infância: um sinal de alerta para odontopediatras e pediatras

OBJETIVO: Apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre o bruxismo na infância, abordando os fatores etiológicos, as características clínicas, os sinais e sintomas, a importância do diagnóstico por parte dos pediatras e odontopediatras e o tratamento multidisciplinar desta condição parafuncional. FONTES DE DADOS: Foram selecionados os artigos mais relevantes sobre o tema publicados desde 1907 até 2007, com pesquisa realizada no Medline, na Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia (BBO) e em livros de Odontologia. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: O bruxismo é definido como um hábito não funcional do sistema mastigatório, caracterizado pelo ato de ranger ou apertar os dentes, podendo ocorrer durante o dia e durante o sono. A etiologia é multifatorial e a literatura sugere vários fatores associados: dentário, fisiológico, psicológico e neurológico. As forças exercidas pelo bruxismo podem provocar distúrbios em diferentes graus nos dentes e nos tecidos de suporte, na musculatura e na articulação têmporo-mandibular. O sinal mais comum é o desgaste nas faces incisais dos dentes anteriores e oclusais nos posteriores, além de mobilidade e hipersensibilidade dentárias, fratura de cúspides e restaurações e hipertonicidade dos músculos mastigatórios. CONCLUSÃO: O conhecimento dos fatores etiológicos e das características clínicas do bruxismo na infância é fundamental para que o diagnóstico seja precoce, permitindo que pediatras, odontopediatras e psicólogos possam estabelecer um tratamento multidisciplinar e favoreçam o desenvolvimento integral da criança para a promoção de saúde e bem-estar individual.

Efeitos da roda compactadora de semeadoras sob cargas verticais na deformação do solo com dois teores de água

O presente trabalho foi conduzido na Pista de Ensaios de Semeadura do Laboratório de Máquinas e Mecanização Agrícola (LAMMA) da UNESP/Jaboticabal - SP, para o estudo da ação da roda compactadora de semeadoras sob cargas verticais, na deformação do solo, com dois teores de água. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinação de dois teores de água e seis cargas verticais, totalizando 12 tratamentos, com três repetições, em dois ensaios, analisando-se a resistência mecânica do solo à penetração e a deformação do solo provocada pela roda compactadora. A roda compactadora utilizada era de alumínio, com massa de 6,4 kg, 40 cm de diâmetro e 10 cm de largura, sob a ação de cargas verticais de 63; 161; 259; 357; 455 e 553 N, obtidas acoplando-se lastros de chumbo sobre a roda compactadora, sendo os teores de água do solo de 15,4 e 9,2%. Os resultados permitem concluir que o teor de água do solo tem grande influência na deformação e compactação do solo, que aumentam proporcionalmente com as cargas verticais sobre a roda compactadora, e que, quanto maior o teor de água do solo, mais suscetível o mesmo fica à compactação e deformação.

História e música: canção popular e conhecimento histórico

Esse trabalho procura levantar e discutir algumas questões teóricas e metodológicas que surgem das relações entre História, música e a canção popular. As transformações teóricas, as novas concepções de material documental e a prática renovada do historiador determinaram a incorporação de novas linguagens pela História. Seguindo nessa trilha, o artigo pretende justamente mostrar, a partir de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, como as relações entre história, cultura e música popular podem desvendar processos pouco conhecidos e raramente levantados pela historiografia. Para alcançar esse objetivo é necessário ultrapassar a tradicional concepção de história da música e, para isso, tenta-se refletir e organizar alguns elementos para compreender melhor as múltiplas relações entre a canção e o conhecimento histórico. A discussão aponta para a possibilidade e, principalmente, a viabilidade do historiador tratar a música e a canção popular como uma fonte documental importante para mapear e desvendar zonas obscuras da história, sobretudo aquelas relacionadas com os setores subalternos e populares.

Educação Ambiental: referências teóricas no ensino superior

Este artigo trata dos pressupostos teóricos presentes na formação dos educadores ambientais nos cursos de graduação. Esses pressupostos definem um quadro teórico analisado a partir do referencial metodológico do materialismo histórico-dialético. Esse quadro teórico pode ser organizado em concepções naturais, racionais e históricas da relação homem-natureza e da educação e suas análises sugerem princípios metodológicos de organização curricular nesses cursos.

Dynamic scale theory for characterizing surface morphology of layer-by-layer films of poly(o-methoxyaniline)

The dynamic scale theory and fractal concepts are employed in the characterization of surface morphological properties of layer-by-layer (LBL) films from poly(o-methoxyaniline) (POMA) alternated with poly(vinyl sulfonic acid) (PVS). The fractal dimensions are found to depend on the procedures to fabricate the POMA/PVS multilayers, particularly with regard to the drying procedures. LBL films obtained via drying in ambient air show a more homogeneous surface, compared to films dried under vacuum or a flow of nitrogen, due to a uniform rearrangement of polymer molecules during solvent evaporation.

Geochronology of the lpanema layered mafic-ultramafic complex, Minas gerais, Brazil: Evidence of extension at the meso-neoproterozoic time boundary

The mafic/ultramafic Ipanema Layered Complex (ILC), Minas Gerais Brazil, consists of seven individual bodies. These units crosscut polyphase orthogneisses and interlayered paragneisses of the Paleoproterozoic Juiz de Fora Complex. Intrusive granitoids tectonically related to [lie Neoproterozoie Aracuai orogen are also present in the study area.A Sm-Nd whole-rock linear array for seven samples metapyoxenites, metaperidotiles, metagabbro. and meta-anorthosite) from the Santa Cruz massif, the largest body of the ILC. suggest that it was emplaced at 1104 +/- 78 Ma the original magma was derived from a depleted mantle source (epsilon(Ndt)= +3.8). U-Pb single-grain zircon stud of a meta-anorthosite yields all upper intercept age of 1719 +/- 4 Ma, which is interpreted to represent inheritance. The lower intercept at 630+/-3 Ma indicates (hat a Neoproterozoic tectonothermal episode overprinted the ILC, this event occurred under upper-amphiolite-, to granulite-facies conditions. The 630 Ma episode is consistent with the timing of regional metamorphism and deformation of the adjacent Aracuai orogen (Brasiliano collage). Emplacement of the ILC and other coeval metamafies and meta-ultramafics (of alkaline affinity) in the re, oil is attributed to early extension tectonics, accompanying accretion of the Rodinia super- continent during the Mesoproterozoic-Neoproterozoic time boundary.