TaxControl : Gesti�� de despeses i impostos

Aquest treball de fi de carrera, corresponent a l'Enginyera T��cnica en Inform��tica de Gesti��, consisteix en el desenvolupament d'una aplicaci�� per a dispositius m��bils amb sistema operatiu iOS (iPhone OS) i en la seva versi�� 7.0 o posterior. L'aplicaci�� t�� com a objectiu proveir una eina que permeti el registre i posterior gesti�� de les despeses derivades de l'activitat professional d'un aut��nom, de forma que es faciliti la presentaci�� de la documentaci�� necess��ria per realitzar la declaraci�� trimestral d'impostos d'IRPF i IVA.

Sulfur isotope variations from orebody to hand-specimen scale at the Mezica lead-zinc deposit, Slovenia: a predominantly biogenic pattern

The Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb-Zn ore district at Mezica is hosted by Middle to Upper Triassic platform carbonate rocks in the Northern Karavanke/Drau Range geotectonic units of the Eastern Alps, northeastern Slovenia. The mineralization at Mezica covers an area of 64 km(2) with more than 350 orebodies and numerous galena and sphalerite occurrences, which formed epigenetically, both conformable and discordant to bedding. While knowledge on the style of mineralization has grown considerably, the origin of discordant mineralization is still debated. Sulfur stable isotope analyses of 149 sulfide samples from the different types of orebodies provide new insights on the genesis of these mineralizations and their relationship. Over the whole mining district, sphalerite and galena have delta(34)S values in the range of -24.7 to -1.5% VCDT (-13.5 +/- 5.0%) and -24.7 to -1.4% (-10.7 +/- 5.9%), respectively. These values are in the range of the main MVT deposits of the Drau Range. All sulfide delta(34)S values are negative within a broad range, with delta(34)S(pyrite) < delta(34)S(sphalerite) < delta(34)S(galena) for both conformable and discordant orebodies, indicating isotopically heterogeneous H(2)S in the ore-forming fluids and precipitation of the sulfides at thermodynamic disequilibrium. This clearly supports that the main sulfide sulfur originates from bacterially mediated reduction (BSR) of Middle to Upper Triassic seawater sulfate or evaporite sulfate. Thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) by organic compounds contributed a minor amount of (34)S-enriched H(2)S to the ore fluid. The variations of delta(34)S values of galena and coarse-grained sphalerite at orefield scale are generally larger than the differences observed in single hand specimens. The progressively more negative delta(34)S values with time along the different sphalerite generations are consistent with mixing of different H(2)S sources, with a decreasing contribution of H(2)S from regional TSR, and an increase from a local H(2)S reservoir produced by BSR (i.e., sedimentary biogenic pyrite, organo-sulfur compounds). Galena in discordant ore (-11.9 to -1.7%; -7.0 +/- 2.7%, n=12) tends to be depleted in (34)S compared with conformable ore (-24.7 to -2.8%, -11.7 +/- 6.2%, n=39). A similar trend is observed from fine-crystalline sphalerite I to coarse open-space filling sphalerite II. Some variation of the sulfide delta(34)S values is attributed to the inherent variability of bacterial sulfate reduction, including metabolic recycling in a locally partially closed system and contribution of H(2)S from hydrolysis of biogenic pyrite and thermal cracking of organo-sulfur compounds. The results suggest that the conformable orebodies originated by mixing of hydrothermal saline metal-rich fluid with H(2)S-rich pore waters during late burial diagenesis, while the discordant orebodies formed by mobilization of the earlier conformable mineralization.

Parasitismo de tra��a-das-cruc��feras por Oomyzus sokolowskii

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade de parasitismo do parasitoide larval-pupal Oomyzus sokolowskii, submetido a diferentes densidades do hospedeiro tra��a-das-cruc��feras (Plutella xylostella), em laborat��rio, casa telada e campo. Em laborat��rio e campo, O. sokolowskii foi exposto ��s densidades de 2, 4, 8 e 16 lagartas. Em laborat��rio, empregaram-se recipientes de 300 mL e, em campo, plantas de couve foram confinadas em gaiolas de organza (30x50 cm). Em casa telada, foram utilizadas microparcelas compostas por seis plantas de repolho infestadas com 25, 50, 85 ou 100 lagartas. O n��mero de lagartas parasitadas aumentou de acordo com a densidade do hospedeiro e variou de 1,7 a 10,4, em laborat��rio, e de 0,61 a 7,0, em campo. Em casa telada, a maior taxa de parasitismo foi observada nas microparcelas com densidades mais elevadas do hospedeiro. O tempo de exposi����o aos parasitoides proporcionou maior taxa de parasitismo ap��s 72 horas (24 horas, 52,4% e 72 horas, 80,7%) independentemente da densidade. Oomyzus sokolowskii responde positivamente ao incremento na densidade de P. xylostella, embora a taxa de parasitismo permane��a constante independentemente da disponibilidade do hospedeiro.

Development and fruit yield of strawberry plants as affected by crown diameter and plantlet growing period

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of crown diameter and growing period of runner tips in 128 cell-trays on growth and yield of strawberry in the field. Treatments consisted of three classes of runner tip crown diameters, between 2.0 to 3.9 mm; 4.0 to 5.5 mm and 5.6 to 7.0 mm, respectively, and four growing periods in trays, 24; 39; 54 and 69 days, respectively. Higher shoot dry mass of transplants at planting and earlier yield of plants in the field were obtained in transplants grown for 69 days in trays. Larger runner tips lead to more vigorous transplants at planting and plants with higher vegetative growth in the field, with minor impact on yield. Increasing the growing time of runner tips in trays improved early fruit yield and decreased plant vegetative growth in the field.

Alcohol drinking and cardiovascular risk in a population with high mean alcohol consumption

R��sum�� : Description : Ce travail de th��se ��value l'impact de la consommation importante d'alcool sur les facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire et l'estimation du risque cardiovasculaire �� 10 ans (risque de d��velopper une maladie coronarienne}, dans une population avec une consommation moyenne ��lev��e d'alcool. La consommation mod��r��e d'alcool a ��t�� li��e �� un risque plus faible de d��velopper une maladie coronarienne. Cependant, les donn��es concernant la consommation importante d'alcool et le risque de d��velopper une maladie coronarienne sont conflictuelles. Il y a ��galement peu d'��tudes dans lesquelles les consommations importantes d'alcool ont pu ��tre ��valu��es en raison du petit nombre de sujets pr��sentant une telle consommation. R��sultats: Nous avons utilis�� les donn��es de l'��tude CoLaus, une ��tude populationnelle qui inclut des adultes, ��g��s de 35 �� 75 ans, de la ville de Lausanne. Nous avons inclus 5'769 participants, sans maladie cardiovasculaire, pour lesquels la consommation d'alcool d'une semaine a ��t�� cat��goris��e en 0, 1 �� 6, 7 �� 13, 14 �� 20, 21 �� 27, 28 �� 34 et >=35 verres/semaine et en non-consommateur (0 verre/semaine), consommateur mod��r�� (1 �� 13 verres/semaine), important (14 �� 34 verres/semaine) et tr��s important (>= 35). La tension art��rielle et les lipides ont ��t�� mesur��s et le risque de d��velopper une maladie coronarienne �� 10 ans a ��t�� calcul�� en utilisant le score de Framingham. 73% des participants consommaient de l'alcool; 16% ��taient des consommateurs importants et 2% des consommateurs tr��s importants. L'analyse rnultivari��e a montr�� une augmentation du cholest��rol HDL avec la consommation d'alcool (de 1.570.01 [moyenne +- erreur standard] chez les non consommateurs �� 1.880.03 mmol/L chez les consommateurs tr��s importants), des triglyc��rides (1.17+-1.01 �� 1.32+-1.05 mmol/L) et des valeurs de tension art��rielle systolique (127.4+-0.4 �� 132.2+-.4 mm Hg) et diastolique (78.7+-0.3 �� 81.7+-0.9 mm Hg, toutes les valeurs de p pour trend<0.001). Quant au risque de d��velopper une maladie coronarienne �� 10 ans, il a augment�� de 4.31%+-0.10 �� 4.90%+-0.37 (p=0.03) avec la consommation d'alcool, en d��crivant une courbe en J. En examinant le type de consommation, on a vu que la consommation de vin a plus d'effet sur l'augmentation des valeurs de cholest��rol HDL, alors que la consommation de bi��re ou de spiritueux a plus d'effet sur l'augmentation des valeurs de triglyc��rides. Conclusions et perspectives: Nos r��sultats montrent qu'en ce qui concerne l'estimation du risque cardiovasculaire �� 10 ans, l'effet protecteur de la consommation d'alcool dispara��t pour des consommations tr��s importantes, car l'effet b��n��fique des valeurs augment��es de cholest��rol HDL est contrecarr�� par l'augmentation des valeurs de tension art��rielle. Quant aux diff��rents types d'alcool, d'autres ��tudes sont n��cessaires pour mieux ��valuer leur effet sp��cifique sur les facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire.

Elemental (C/N ratios) and isotopic (δ15N(org), δ13C(org)) compositions of sedimentary organic matter from a high-altitude mountain lake (Meidsee, 2661 m a.s.l., Switzerland): Implications for Lateglacial and Holocene Alpine landscape evolution

The deposition of Late Pleistocene and Holocene sediments in the high-altitude lake Meidsee (located at an altitude of 2661 m a.s.l. in the Southwestern Alps) strikingly coincided with global ice-sheet and mountain-glacier decay in the Alpine forelands and the formation of perialpine lakes. Radiocarbon ages of bottom-core sediments point out (pre-) Holocene ice retreat below 2700 m a.s.l., at about 16, 13, 10, and 9 cal. kyr BP. The Meidsee sedimentary record therefore provides information about the high-altitude Alpine landscape evolution since the Late Pleistocene/Holocene deglaciation in the Swiss Southwestern Alps. Prior to 5 cal. kyr BP, the C/N ratio and the isotopic composition of sedimentary organic matter (delta N-15(org), delta C-13(org)) indicate the deposition of algal-derived organic matter with limited input of terrestrial organic matter. The early Holocene and the Holocene climatic optimum (between 7.0 and 5.5 cal. kyr BP) were characterized by low erosion (decreasing magnetic susceptibility, chi) and high content of organic matter (C-org > 13 wt.%), enriched in C-13(org) (>-18 parts per thousand) with a low C/N (similar to 10) ratio, typical of modern algal matter derived from in situ production. During the late Holocene, there was a long-term increasing contribution of terrestrial organic matter into the lake (C/N > 11), with maxima between 2.4 and 0.9 cal. kyr BP. A major environmental change took place 800 years ago, with an abrupt decrease in the relative contribution of terrestrial organic material into the lake compared with aquatic organic material which subsequently largely dominated (C/N drop from 16 to 10). Nonetheless, this event was marked by a rise in soil erosion (chi), in nutrients input (N and P contents) and in anthropogenic lead deposition, suggesting a human disturbance of Alpine ecosystems 800 years ago. Indeed, this time period coincided with the migration of the Walser Alemannic people in the region, who settled at relatively high altitude in the Southwestern Alps for farming and maintaining Alpine passes.

Burden of Diabetes in Iowa 1991-2009, Final Report, May 2010

The Iowa Diabetes Prevention and Control Program provides educational opportunities for health care providers via the Iowa Communications Network interactive fiber optic system. The program also certifies diabetes outpatient education programs in Iowa based on minimum criteria for quality programs. In Iowa during the past 20 years, the prevalence rate of diagnosed diabetes increased dramatically among adults: Between 1991 and 2009 the crude diabetes prevalence rate rose by 84%, from 3.8% to 7.0%. Between these years, the age���adjusted adult diagnosed diabetes prevalence rate increased by 64%, rising from 3.7% to 6.4%. During the 18 years 1991���93 through 2006���08, the number of Iowa adults with diagnosed diabetes more than doubled, increasing from 78,000 to 162,000. While the Iowa Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), upon which the numbers cited above are based, provides reliable state���level self���reported data on adults with diagnosed diabetes, it is unable to provide estimates of undiagnosed diabetes. National estimates put the prevalence of undiagnosed adult diabetes at about 5%, raising the estimated adult diabetes prevalence rate in Iowa to 12% (280,000 adults) (Cowie,2009). Another 5% of all Iowa adults are estimated to have diagnosed pre���diabetes, while 25% of all Iowa adults, based on national estimates from the 2005���06 National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey (NHANES), likely have undiagnosed pre���diabetes. (Cowie, 2009)

Assessment of panobacumab as adjunctive immunotherapy for the treatment of nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia.

The fully human anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody panobacumab was developed as an adjunctive immunotherapy for the treatment of O11 serotype Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. We evaluated the potential clinical efficacy of panobacumab in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia. We performed a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter phase IIa trial (NCT00851435) designed to prospectively evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of panobacumab. Patients treated with panobacumab (n���=���17), including 13 patients receiving the full treatment (three doses of 1.2��mg/kg), were compared to 14 patients who did not receive the antibody. Overall, the 17 patients receiving panobacumab were more ill. They were an average of 72��years old [interquartile range (IQR): 64-79] versus an average of 50��years old (IQR: 30-73) (p���=���0.024) and had Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores of 17 (IQR: 16-22) versus 15 (IQR: 10-19) (p���=���0.043). Adjunctive immunotherapy resulted in an improved clinical outcome in the group receiving the full three-course panobacumab treatment, with a resolution rate of 85��% (11/13) versus 64��% (9/14) (p���=���0.048). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed a statistically significantly shorter time to clinical resolution in this group of patients (8.0 [IQR: 7.0-11.5] versus 18.5 [IQR: 8-30] days in those who did not receive the antibody; p���=���0.004). Panobacumab adjunctive immunotherapy may improve clinical outcome in a shorter time if patients receive the full treatment (three doses). These preliminary results suggest that passive immunotherapy targeting LPS may be a complementary strategy for the treatment of nosocomial O11 P. aeruginosa pneumonia.

Bevacizumab for recurrent ependymoma.

BACKGROUND: Ependymoma is a rare type of glioma, representing 5% of all CNS malignancies. Radiotherapy (RT) is commonly administered, but there is no standard chemotherapy. At recurrence, ependymoma is notoriously refractory to therapy and the prognosis is poor. In recurrent glioblastoma, encouraging responses with bevacizumab have been observed. METHODS: In this Institutional Review Board-approved study, we retrospectively analyzed the records of 8 adult patients treated for recurrent ependymoma and anaplastic ependymoma with bevacizumab containing chemotherapy regimens. We determined radiographic response (Macdonald criteria), median time to progression (TTP), and median overall survival (OS; Kaplan-Meier method). RESULTS: There were 4 men and 4 women with a median age of 40 years (range, 20-65). Prior treatment included surgery (n = 8), RT (8), temozolomide (5), and carboplatin (4). Bevacizumab (5-15 mg/kg every 2-3 weeks) was administered alone (2) or concurrently with cytotoxic chemotherapy including irinotecan (3), carboplatin (2), or temozolomide (1). Six patients achieved a partial response (75%) and 1 remained stable for over 8 months. Median TTP was 6.4 months (95% confidence interval 1.4-7.4) and median OS was 9.4 months (95% confidence interval 7.0-not reached), with a median follow-up of 5.2 months among 5 surviving patients (63%). CONCLUSIONS: The radiographic response rate to bevacizumab-containing regimens is high. A prospective study is warranted.

Subclinical coronary and aortic atherosclerosis detected by magnetic resonance imaging in type 1 diabetes with and without diabetic nephropathy.

BACKGROUND: Patients with type 1 diabetes and nephropathy maintain an excess cardiovascular mortality compared with diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria. We sought to evaluate coronary and aortic atherosclerosis in a cohort of asymptomatic type 1 diabetic patients with and without diabetic nephropathy using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a cross-sectional study, 136 subjects with long-standing type 1 diabetes without symptoms or history of cardiovascular disease, including 63 patients (46%) with nephropathy and 73 patients with normoalbuminuria, underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. All subjects underwent cardiac exercise testing and noninvasive tests for peripheral artery disease and autonomic neuropathy. Coronary artery stenoses were identified in 10% of subjects with nephropathy (versus 0% with normoalbuminuria; P=0.007). Coronary plaque burden, expressed as right coronary artery mean wall thickness (1.7+/-0.3 versus 1.3+/-0.2 mm; P<0.001) and maximum right coronary artery wall thickness (2.2+/-0.5 versus 1.6+/-0.3 mm; P<0.001), was greater in subjects with nephropathy. The prevalence of thoracic (3% versus 0%; P=0.28) and abdominal aortic plaque (22% versus 16%; P=0.7) was similar in both groups. Subjects with and without abdominal aortic plaques had similar coronary plaque burden. CONCLUSIONS: In asymptomatic type 1 diabetes, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging reveals greater coronary plaque burden in subjects with nephropathy compared with those with normoalbuminuria.

Synthetic calibrators for the analysis of total metanephrines in urine: revisiting the conditions of hydrolysis.

BACKGROUND: The quantification of total (free+sulfated) metanephrines in urine is recommended to diagnose pheochromocytoma. Urinary metanephrines include metanephrine itself, normetanephrine and methoxytyramine, mainly in the form of sulfate conjugates (60-80%). Their determination requires the hydrolysis of the sulfate ester moiety to allow electrochemical oxidation of the phenolic group. Commercially available urine calibrators and controls contain essentially free, unhydrolysable metanephrines which are not representative of native urines. The lack of appropriate calibrators may lead to uncertainty regarding the completion of the hydrolysis of sulfated metanephrines, resulting in incorrect quantification. METHODS: We used chemically synthesized sulfated metanephrines to establish whether the procedure most frequently recommended for commercial kits (pH 1.0 for 30 min over a boiling water bath) ensures their complete hydrolysis. RESULTS: We found that sulfated metanephrines differ in their optimum pH to obtain complete hydrolysis. Highest yields and minimal variance were established for incubation at pH 0.7-0.9 during 20 min. CONCLUSION: Urinary pH should be carefully controlled to ensure an efficient and reproducible hydrolysis of sulfated metanephrines. Synthetic sulfated metanephrines represent the optimal material for calibrators and proficiency testing to improve inter-laboratory accuracy.

Aduba����o pot��ssica em arroz irrigado conforme a capacidade de troca cati��nica do solo

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta do arroz irrigado por inunda����o �� aplica����o de doses de pot��ssio, conforme a capacidade de troca cati��nica (CTC) do solo. Foram utilizados 16 solos com diferentes valores de CTC a pH 7,0 (CTCpH7), divididos em duas classes: solos com CTCpH7 at�� 15 cmol c dm-3 e com CTCpH7 maior que esse valor. O experimento foi realizado nas safras agr��colas de 2005/2006 e 2006/2007, em oito locais por ano agr��cola, com uso de diferentes cultivares de arroz, conforme o local ou o ano. Foram calculados os incrementos m��dios da produtividade de arroz pela aplica����o das doses de K, em fun����o da raz��o K/CTCpH7. A dose de m��xima efici��ncia econ��mica (DMEE) de pot��ssio foi calculada de acordo com os pre��os do fertilizante e do arroz, praticados de 2003 a 2012. O arroz respondeu de forma econ��mica �� aplica����o de pot��ssio, em ambas as classes de CTCpH7 utilizadas, com maior incremento de produtividade nos solos com menor rela����o K/CTCpH7. Na m��dia dos dez anos, a DMEE foi sempre superior a U$ 100,00 e maior nos solos com CTCpH7>15,0 cmol c dm-3.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of cerebral 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in neonates with perinatal asphyxia.

The impact of depressed neonatal cerebral oxidative phosphorylation for diagnosing the severity of perinatal asphyxia was estimated by correlating the concentrations of phosphocreatine (PCr) and ATP as determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy with the degree of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in 23 asphyxiated term neonates. Ten healthy age-matched neonates served as controls. In patients, the mean concentrations +/- SD of PCr and ATP were 0.99 +/- 0.46 mmol/L (1.6 +/- 0.2 mmol/L) and 0.99 +/- 0.35 mmol/L (1.7 +/- 0.2 mmol/L), respectively (normal values in parentheses). [PCr] and [ATP] correlated significantly with the severity of HIE (r = 0.85 and 0.9, respectively, p < 0.001), indicating that the neonatal encephalopathy is the clinical manifestation of a marred brain energy metabolism. Neurodevelopmental outcome was evaluated in 21 children at 3, 9, and 18 mo. Seven infants had multiple impairments, five were moderately handicapped, five had only mild symptoms, and four were normal. There was a significant correlation between the cerebral concentrations of PCr or ATP at birth and outcome (r = 0.8, p < 0.001) and between the degree of neonatal neurologic depression and outcome (r = 0.7). More important, the outcome of neonates with moderate HIE could better be predicted with information from quantitative 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy than from neurologic examinations. In general, the accuracy of outcome predictability could significantly be increased by adding results from 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the neonatal neurologic score, but not vice versa. No correlation with outcome was found for other perinatal risk factors, including Apgar score.

Combined effect of tobacco and alcohol on laryngeal cancer risk : a case-control study

OBJECTIVE: To provide information on the effects of alcohol and tobacco on laryngeal cancer and its subsites. METHODS: This was a case-control study conducted between 1992 and 2000 in northern Italy and Switzerland. A total of 527 cases of incident squamous-cell carcinoma of the larynx and 1297 hospital controls frequency-matched with cases on age, sex, and area of residence were included. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: In comparison with never smokers, ORs were 19.8 for current smokers and 7.0 for ex-smokers. The risk increased in relation to the number of cigarettes (OR = 42.9 for > or = 25 cigarettes/day) and for duration of smoking (OR = 37.2 for > or = 40 years). For alcohol, the risk increased in relation to number of drinks (OR = 5.9 for > or = 56 drinks per week). Combined alcohol and tobacco consumption showed a multiplicative (OR = 177) rather than an additive risk. For current smokers and current drinkers the risk was higher for supraglottis (ORs 54.9 and 2.6, respectively) than for glottis (ORs 7.4 and 1.8) and others subsites (ORs 10.9 and 1.9). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that both cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking are independent risk factors for laryngeal cancer. Heavy consumption of alcohol and cigarettes determined a multiplicative risk increase, possibly suggesting biological synergy.

EFFECTS OF THIDIAZURON (TDZ) ON FRUITING OF TEMPERATE TREE FRUITS

Thidiazuron (TDZ) is a phenylurea like citokinin on cell division fruit growth and fruit shape in some deciduous fruit trees. The effects of TDZ applied during flowering on apple cultivars 'Gala' and 'Fuji" were evaluated during seven growing seasons with annual applications on the same trees. The effects on pear and kiwi fruit trees were also evaluated. Every year, TDZ significantly increased fruit set and fruit weight on apple trees. The seven-year average of the fruit set from TDZ at 10 mg.L-1 was 112.7% while the control was only 51.3%. TDZ did not affect the number of clusters. The fruit weight increased 7.0% and 18.3% when the trees were sprayed with TDZ at 10 mg.L-1 and 5 mg.L-1, respectively. TDZ also increased fruit yield per tree by 28.7% and 41.8% for the 10 mg.L-1 and 5 mg.L-1 treatments, respectively. TDZ reduced the seed number per fruit and the calcium content in the flesh fruit, but increased the fruit firmness. The fruit set increased significantly on pear cultivar Packm's Triumph treated with TDZ, and reduced the seed numbers per fruit. TDZ applied at 12.5 mg.L-1 increased fruit weight by 47,4% on "Monty" kiwi.