Avaliação de for��a de preens��o manual e teste de usabilidade em embalagens com tampas de seguran��a: par��metros para o design ergon��mico

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Qualidade de sementes de soja convencional e transg��nica em função da desseca����o das plantas com glyphosate

P��s-gradua����o em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Função cognitiva e qualidade de vida de pacientes com doen��a renal cr��nica nos estadios III e IV

P��s-gradua����o em Sa��de Coletiva - FMB

Avaliação da função macrof��gica na hansen��ase virchowiana: marcadores de superf��cie, receptores TLR e NLR e mediadores inflamat��rios

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do crescimento de plantas de milho em função de doses de pot��ssio e estresse h��drico

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Ganho de for��a e função em idosos por treino isom��trico com e sem resposta visual

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da aten����o concentrada e mem��ria em tabagistas com baixa carga tab��gica

Introduction: Smoking is considered by World Health Organisation (WHO) a disease, since nicotine is addictive and cause physical, emotional and behavioral disorders in people who smoke. The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentrated attention and memory in smokers and nonsmokers, and the influence of one cigarette in this variables. Material and Methods: We selected two groups of subjects between 18 and 25 years, with no history of acute or chronic respiratory disease. Group 1 (G1) consist of 40 nonsmoking individuals and group 2 (G2) 40 smokers (who smoked less than 20 cigarettes per day, for up to 10 years). The subjects were tested for concentrated attention and memory test (AC Test), nonsmokers performed the test once, smokers performed the test twice, before smoking and after five minutes after smoking one cigarette. Smokers stayed without cigarret for one our before the first test. Results: Comparing the tests nonsmokers versus smokers first test, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05), however, the analysis of the two trials of smokers, showed improvement in concentrated attention and memory after smoke (p <0.0001). Conclusions: There was no difference in Concentrated Attention and Memory among nonsmokers and smokers in abstinence, however smokers showed significant improvement in AC Test after smoking.

Efeitos do m��todo pilates na for��a muscular respiratória

Uma das t��cnicas mais modernas utilizada na fisioterapia e em outras ��reas da sa��de �� o m��todo Pilates. Esse m��todo utiliza de forma intensa a respira����o, e pode assim alterar a for��a muscular respiratória. O objetivo do presente estudo �� verificar se h�� influ��ncia da pr��tica do M��todo Pilates na for��a muscular respiratória em adultos e comparar com um grupo controle. Foram selecionados 20 indiv��duos, divididos em dois grupos (controle e experimental), com idades de 20 a 30 anos, n��o fumantes, sedent��rios e que relatem n��o apresentar qualquer doen��a sist��mica ou metab��lica. Todos os indiv��duos foram submetidos �� avaliação da press��o inspirat��ria m��xima (Pim��x) e press��o expirat��ria m��xima (Pem��x) com aparelho manovacu��metro (Comercial M��dica). A seguir, foi aplicado um protocolo de 10 sess��es de pilates para o grupo experimental, constitu��do dos seguintes exerc��cios do m��todo: Spine stretch, Spine stretch forward, Saw, Mermaid, Swan, Breast stroke preparation, Abdominal curls, Roll up, Bridge, Single leg circles, Leg up and down, The hundred, Criss cross, Single leg stretch, Double leg stretch, Aductors, Shell. O grupo controle permaneceu sem atividade f��sica. Ap��s cinco semanas os dois grupos foram reavaliados. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram um incremento na for��a muscular respiratória do grupo experimental. Ap��s a aplica����o do teste Anova (p<0,05) foi encontrada diferen��a estatisticamente significante somente na compara����o da Pimax inicial e final do grupo experimental (p = 0,028).

Desenvolvimento e valida����o de uma t��cnica quantitativa de an��lise de imagem para avaliação do teste do cometa corado pela prata

The comet assay is a method of DNA damage analysis widely used to quantify oxidative damage, crosslinks of DNA, apoptosis and genotoxicity of chemicals substances as chemical, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals products, among others. This technique is suitable to detect DNA strand breaks, alkali-labile sites and incomplete excision repair sites and is based on the migration of DNA fragments by microeletroforesis, DNA migrates for the anode forming a ���tail���, and the formed image has the appearance of a comet. The slides can be stained with fluorescence or silver, having differences in the microscopy type used for the analysis and the possibility of storage of the slides, moreover, the first one is a stained-method with more difficulties of accomplishment. The image analysis can be performed by a visual way, however, there is a disadvantage as the subjectivity on the results, that can be minimized by an automated method of digital analysis. This process was studied in this report with the aim to perceive the validation of the digital analysis turning it a quantitative method with larger reproductibility, minimizing the variability and imprecision due to the subjective analysis. For this validation we selected 50 comets photographed in a standardized way and printed, afterwards, pictures were submitted to three experienced appraisers, who quantified them manually. Later, the images were processed by free software ImageJ 1.38x, printed and quantified manually by the same appraisers. The intraclass correlation was higher to comet measures after image processing. Following, an algorithm of automated digital analysis from the measures of the comet was developed; the values obtained were compared with those 12 estimated manually after the processing resulting high correlation among the measures. The use of image analysis systems increases ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Avaliação da toxicidade da vinha��a utilizando Oreochromis niloticus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) como organismo teste

Contamination of rivers and lakes, waste disposed by infiltration into the soil as fertilizer, for example, has been highlighted around the world, since such compounds can contain toxic elements, causing changes in aquatic and/or terrestrial ecosystem. Due to the possible presence of these elements in these wastes, it is possible assess damage to organisms exposed through breaks in genetic material and mutations. In this sense, this work aimed at exploring the cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic vinasse pontential, residue used as fertilizer, from the processing of sugar cane into alcohol, using fish (Oreochromis niloticus - Cichlidae) as a test organism. The individuals were exposed to different dilutions of vinasse in the water and later carried out analysis of their erythrocytes using the micronucleus test and nuclear abnormalities associated and the comet assay. In the first bioassay, tilapia exhibited 5% and 10% vinasse concentrations died after 48h. The number of micronucleated erythrocytes was statistically significant for the 1% vinasse concentration and also for nuclear abnormalities such as broken-egg and nuclear bud, when compared with negative and positive controls; were also significant lobed type erythrocytes, when compared to the negative control. The test results of the comet assay were not significant for 1% vinasse when compared to the negative control, due to the high rate of comets with damage control, which is unusual. The same was observed for changes as notched and blebbed type. In the second chemical analyzes conducted, the detection of heavy metals in the vinasse sample, charged only the presence of copper and chromium, the latter with a concentration 89 times higher than in the first test. Differentially the first bioassay, fish exposed to dilution of 5% did not die... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Avaliação do potencial mutag��nico do biodiesel e de misturas de biodiesel/diesel, por meio do teste do micron��cleo em sangue perif��rico e de histologia de br��nquias de Oreochromis niloticus

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Avaliação da toxicidade do cloreto de n��quel utilizando Allium cepa como organismo teste

O impacto das atividades antropog��nicas sobre o meio ambiente �� um tema de grande relev��ncia atualmente, atraindo a aten����o da comunidade cient��fica em geral, visto que essas atividades t��m causado altera����es significativas na qualidade da ��gua, do solo e do ar. Dentre a ampla gama de poluentes resultantes das atividades humanas, merece destaque a classe dos metais pesados, os quais possuem propriedades t��xicas e genot��xicas, constituindo fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de desordens neurodegenerativas, artrite e c��ncer nas popula����es expostas a estes contaminantes, bem como altera����es nos ecossistemas contaminados. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial citot��xico, genot��xico e mutag��nico do n��quel como contaminante, utilizando Allium cepa (Liliaceae) como organismo-teste, a fim de detectar poss��veis efeitos delet��rios em seu material gen��tico. Estas avalia����es foram feitas por meio da exposi����o de sementes de A. cepa a tr��s solu����es, com diferentes concentra����es de n��quel. Os resultados obtidos no primeiro biensaio e na repeti����o est��o apresentados na forma de artigo cient��fico, a ser submetido para revista especializada. O estudo dos efeitos do n��quel em A. cepa foram importantes, uma vez que os dados da avaliação dos danos induzidos neste organismo modelo podem ser utilizados para a compara����o com modelos animais, sendo poss��vel assim, a infer��ncia dos perigos aos ecossistemas e �� popula����o que est�� exposta a esse contaminante

Influ��ncia do uso de hipoclorito de s��dio 2,5% e extrato glic��lico de s��lvia 20% durante o preparo biomec��nico sobre a resist��ncia adesiva de retentores intra- radiculares: avaliação atrav��s do teste de push-out

The aim of this study it was to evaluate the use of irrigating solution used during root canal preparation on the adhesive cementation of prefabricated fiberglass pins. The bond strength between different regions of the root and the fiberglass pins cemented into the root canal were evaluated by push-out assay. For this study, 36 human teeth were used, all equally prepared. The irrigating solutions used for biomechanical preparation were: saline solution, sodium hypochlorite 2,5% and glycolic extract of salvia 20%. The dual cure resin cement was used for cementation of pins. After cementation, specimens were sectioned to give 3 slices of approximately 2 mm each (cervical, middle and apical), which were submitted to mechanical push-out test. Were performed ANOVA and Tukey's test with a significance level of 5%, for the analysis of mechanical test. Comparing the thirds we observed that the only solution that presented statistical difference in the bond strength was sodium hypochlorite, which showed higher values for the middle and apical third compared with the cervical third, but when compared without taking into consideration the dental thirds, solutions studied showed no differences in bond strength. Therefore, it was concluded that the solutions studied can be used during endodontic treatment without causing harmful effects on the final adhesive restoration

Avaliação de m��todos de triagem e de detec����o fenot��pica de ��-lactamase de espectro ampliado (ESBL)

The catalytic function of extended-spectrum ��-lactamases can result in high degrees of bacterial resistance to ��-lactamic antimicrobials and in the emergence of ESBL among the members of Enterobacteriaceae family, especially Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. This occurs due to the dissemination and emergence of new variants of these enzymes caused by the high utilization of antibiotics like broad-spectrum cephalosporins. The ESBL are ��-lactamases capable of conferring bacterial resistance to the penicillins, 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins, and aztreonam (but not cephamycins and carbapenems) through the hydrolysis of these antibiotics. In view of this phenomenon, the exact screening and detection of the producers of ESBL are essential for the appropriate selection of the antimicrobial therapy. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the best antimicrobial for the selection of ESBL producers and to determine the best method for the detection of such microorganisms. We evaluated 200 sequential bacterial samples including the species Klebsiella pneumoniae (56.5%), Escherichia coli (34%), Proteus mirabilis (8.5%) and Klebsiella oxytoca (1%), previously characterized as ESBL producers between February and September 2008 in the Laboratory of Microbiology, Botucatu Medical School - UNESP, Botucatu, S��o Paulo State, Brazil. To select the ESBL-producer bacteria, we used the disks recommended by CLSI 2008, aztreonam (ATM), cefpodoxime (CPD), ceftriaxone (CRO), cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftazidime (CAZ), besides cefepime (FEP). ESBL production was confirmed by three methods: double disk screening, ESBL Etest��, and Vitek�� automated system. The disks employed in the double disk screening were: penicillin associated with ��-lactamase inhibitor, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and two ��-lactamic antibiotics, ceftazidime and cefotaxime...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Avaliação dos processos de aloca����o sexual do parasit��ide Apanteles galleriae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) em Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) em função do tempo de fecunda����o

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