Förståelse, bedömningar och hjälpinsatser : Socialarbetares arbete med män som våldsoffer

This report outlines the background to, and presents the results from the Crime Victim Compensation and Support Authority funded project "Social Workers' understanding of men as victims of crime". The project aimed at describing and analyzing how social workers understand and work with male victims of violence. More precisely, the research has focused on how social workers describe men's vulnerability and how they understand men's needs for assistance, what assistance that is provided and the way the constellations of perpetrators and victims of different gender and contexts in which the violence occurs in affect the understanding of male victims of violence. The study has also been devoted to the question of whether the Support Centers for young crime victims in Sweden provide different types of and different amount of help to young men and women afflicted of violence. The project was conducted in three substudies. The results from substudy 1 show that more young men than women seek support from the Support centers studied. Men predominate in number of cases and in the different categories of crime. The results also show that young men on average receive less assistance over a shorter average duration than young women. This applies irrespective of the category of offense that the vulnerability applies to. Furthermore, the young men, compared to the women, proportionally receive fewer interventions characterized as support and a greater proportion of interventions in the form of information. The results also show that the young men are referred on for further action to a lesser extent than is the case for women. The results from substudy 2 show that social workers tend to focus on whether, and to what extent, young men who are victims of violence themselves have behaved provocatively before the violence incident and if they have put themselves in a social situation that could be interpreted as having contributed to an escalation of the violence they have been subjected to. The results from substudy 2 also show that social workers talk about the men as active in the violent situations they have been involved in and dwell on the extent to which the young men's own actions have contributed to the violence. The results also show that young men who are victims of violence are described as "reluctant" victims who are trying to cope with their situation on their own without the involvement of professional or other helper. The young men are also described as reluctant to talk about their feelings. The results of substudy 3 show that social workers believe that young men, when they become victims of violence, risks losing their sense of autonomy, initiative and decisiveness, that is, attributes that are often linked to the dominating cultural image of masculinity. Furthermore, the results show that social workers estimate that men's practicing of their masculinity, but also the response that men who are traumatized get from society, creates difficulties for them to get help. The results from substudy 3 also shows that attributes and actions that can be connected to the masculinity of young men's, as well as a lack of such attributes and actions are considered to be adequate explanations for the violence the men has suffered. When it comes to violence in public places it is the masculinity that explains the violence and its escalation. When it comes to domestic violence it is the lack of expected male attributes and actions that are used as explanations for the violence that have occurred. The discussion is devoted to the question of how the results should be understood based on the concepts of self-performance, interpretation, negotiation and categorizations, and the consequences the results obtained should have for gender sensitive social work given to abused men.

Investigation of the drying process of linseed oil using FTIR and ToF-SIMS

The drying process of linseed oil, oxidized at 80 oC, has been investigated with rheology measurements, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). The drying process can be divided into three main steps: initiation, propagation and termination. ToF-SIMS spectra show that the oxidation is initiated at the linolenic (three double bonds) and linoleic fatty acids (two double bonds). ToF-SIMS spectra reveal peaks that can be assigned to ketones, alcohols and hydroperoxides. In this article it is shown that FTIR in combination with ToF-SIMS are well suited tools for investigations of various fatty acid components and reaction products of linseed oil.

Att iscensätta apokalypsen : zombiemetaforer i den samtida katastrofberedskapen

Enacting the apocalypse: zombie metaphors in contemporary disaster preparedness Since the turn of the millennium, enactment of possible emergencies and catastrophes has become a most common way of producing knowledge about events yet to occur. Preparedness exercises are frequently performed by public authorities at local and regional levels. Collaborative approaches among relevant actors are enhanced and evaluated through simulated accidents and acts of terror as well as school shootings and epidemic outbreaks. Due to the incalculability of many modern threats, enactment is employed as a method for rendering potential future events available as empirical phenomena. However, sometimes these potential futures are represented in ways that correspond only to imagined and fictional worlds. The aim of this article is to explore the enactment of unreal possibilities in contemporary preparedness exercises. The empirical material employed for this purpose consists of crisis plans and exercise guides used in public and official institutions in the United States as well as qualitative interviews with municipal safety coordinators in Sweden.

Den grafiska identitetens betydelse i småföretagarens värld : En undersökning för ökad förståelse om den grafiska identitetens betydelse för småföretagare

För att skapa ett bra varumärke krävs en tydlig grafisk identitet. Syftet med föreliggande rapport var att undersöka med semi-strukturerade djupintervjuer hur småföretagare (1-10 personer) ser på och arbetar med sin grafiska identitet. Studien avsåg även med en enkätundersökning förstå konsumenters attityder mot företag som har eller saknar en tydlig grafisk identitet. Resultatet av intervjuerna visade att företagarna anser att deras grafiska identitet inte är den viktigaste resursen. Det viktigaste är företagets rykte och kunders omdömen. Företagarna nöjer sig med en signatur och en hemsida, utvecklandet av den grafiska identiteten har inte hög prioritet. Av enkätundersökningen framgick det att företag som har en konsekvent grafisk identitet har större sannolikhet att bli anlitade än de som inte arbetar konsekvent med detta. Resultatet visar även att de som arbetar konsekvent med sin grafiska identitet uppfattas som mer seriösa än de som inte är konsekventa i detsamma.

Sociologförbundet har ordet : Om vetenskapliga allmänningar

Sociologisk Forsknings digitala arkiv

Sociologförbundet har ordet

Sociologisk Forsknings digitala arkiv

Repliker : Replik på Anders Ramsays recension

Sociologisk Forsknings digitala arkiv

Mechanical and tribological properties of PVD-coated cemented carbide as evaluated by a new multi-pass scratch testing method

A new test method based on multipass scratch testing has been developed for evaluating the mechanical and tribological properties of thin, hard coatings. The proposed test method uses a pin-on-disc tribometer and during testing a Rockwell C diamond stylus is used as the “pin” and loaded against the rotating coated sample. The influence of normal load on the number of cycles to coating damage is investigated and the resulting coating damage mechanisms are evaluated by posttest scanning electron microscopy. The present study presents the test method by evaluating the performance of Ti0.86Si0.14N, Ti0.34Al0.66N, and (Al0.7Cr0.3)2O3 coatings deposited by cathodic arc evaporation on cemented carbide inserts. The results show that the test method is quick, simple, and reproducible and can preferably be used to obtain relevant data concerning the fatigue, wear, chipping, and spalling characteristics of different coating-substrate composites. The test method can be used as a virtually nondestructive test and, for example, be used to evaluate the fatigue and wear resistance as well as the cohesive and adhesive interfacial strength of coated cemented carbide inserts prior to cutting tests.

Microstructural, Mechanical and Tribological Characterisation of CVD and PVD Coatings for Metal Cutting Applications

The present thesis focuses on characterisation of microstructure and the resulting mechanical and tribological properties of CVD and PVD coatings used in metal cutting applications. These thin and hard coatings are designed to improve the tribological performance of cutting tools which in metal cutting operations may result in improved cutting performance, lower energy consumption, lower production costs and lower impact on the environment.  In order to increase the understanding of the tribological behaviour of the coating systems a number of friction and wear tests have been performed and evaluated by post-test microscopy and surface analysis. Much of the work has focused on coating cohesive and adhesive strength, surface fatigue resistance, abrasive wear resistance and friction and wear behaviour under sliding contact and metal cutting conditions. The results show that the CVD deposition of accurate crystallographic phases, e.g. α-Al2O3 rather than κ-Al2O3, textures and multilayer structures can increase the wear resistance of Al2O3. However, the characteristics of the interfaces, e.g. topography as well as interfacial porosity, have a strong impact on coating adhesion and consequently on the resulting properties.  Through the deposition of well designed bonding and template layer structures the above problems may be eliminated. Also, the presence of macro-particles in PVD coatings may have a significant impact on the interfacial adhesive strength, increasing the tendency to coating spalling and lowering the surface fatigue resistance, as well as increasing the friction in sliding contacts. Finally, the CVD-Al2O3 coating topography influences the contact conditions in sliding as well as in metal cutting. In summary, the work illuminates the importance of understanding the relationships between deposition process parameters, composition and microstructure, resulting properties and tribological performance of CVD and PVD coatings and how this knowledge can be used to develop the coating materials of tomorrow.

Efeito do tamanho de partícula e da altura de colheita das plantas de milho (Zea mays L.) sobre perdas, valor nutritivo de silagens e desempenho de novilhos confinados

O experimento de campo foi conduzido no Núcleo de Produção Animal (NUPRAN) da Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO) com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do tamanho de partícula (pequena: entre 0,2 e 0,6 cm ou grande: entre 1,0 e 2,0 cm) e da altura de corte das plantas de milho para ensilagem (baixo:15 cm ou alto: 39 cm), sobre perdas, valor nutritivo das silagens e desempenho animal em confinamento, constituindo-se os tratamentos: T1 – silagem de partícula pequena com altura de corte baixo; T2 – silagem de partícula grande com altura de corte baixo; T3 – silagem de partícula pequena com altura de corte alto; e T4 – silagem de partícula grande com altura de corte alto. Foram utilizados 36 novilhos inteiros da raça Charolês, com idade média de doze meses e com peso vivo médio inicial de 355 kg. O confinamento compreendeu 84 dias de avaliação. As silagens foram fornecidas ad libitum em dietas com uma relação volumoso:concentrado de 67:33. A colheita à altura de 15,2 cm propiciou incremento (P<0,05) de 7,1% na produção de matéria seca ensilável em relação à altura de corte de 38,6 cm. A silagem de milho produzida a partir de plantas cortadas à 38,6 cm apresentou menores teores de fibra em detergente neutro e maior concentração de energia digestível. Partículas de tamanho pequeno determinaram maior eficiência de compactação da massa ensilada, diminuindo gradientes de temperatura entre meio ambiente e silagem e de pH na desensilagem, frente às silagens de partículas grandes. A silagem com tamanho de partícula grande resultou em maiores (P<0,05) perdas físicas na desensilagem e durante a alimentação dos animais confinados. Embora a colheita das plantas de milho a 38,6 cm tenha melhorado o valor nutritivo da silagem, as variáveis relativas ao consumo de alimentos, ao ganho de peso médio diário e à conversão alimentar não foram afetadas (P>0,05). Mesmo reduzindo o tempo de ruminação dos animais (P<0,05), recomenda-se a inclusão de silagem de milho colhida à altura de 38,6 cm com tamanho de partícula pequena na dieta de bovinos jovens em confinamento, por proporcionar melhor lucratividade no sistema de produção. O uso de silagens de milho colhidas às alturas tanto de 15,2 cm ou de 38,6 cm, porém com tamanho de partícula pequena na produção de superprecoce resulta em maior rendimento de carcaça e menores perdas no resfriamento.

Efeito do grupo genético e heterose na terminação de vacas de descarte em confinamento

O experimento teve como objetivo avaliar, durante a fase de terminação, o peso, o consumo alimentar, o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar de vacas de descarte, puras (Charolês-C e Nelore-N) e cruzadas F1 ( ½ CN e ½ NC), bem como medir a heterose resultante. As vacas foram confinadas por um período de 80 dias, sendo todas alimentadas com a mesma dieta, contendo 10% de proteína bruta e uma relação volumoso:concentrado de 65:35. Vacas F1 foram mais pesadas no início (402 vs 362 kg) e no final do confinamento (524 vs 475 kg), sendo a heterose de 11,05 e 10,31%, respectivamente. O ganho de peso médio diário das vacas F1 (1,557 kg) foi similar ao das puras (1,424 kg). O consumo voluntário de matéria seca (CMS) em kg/animal/dia (CMSD) foi 11,26% superior nas vacas F1 em relação às puras. No entanto, ao expressar o CMS por unidade de peso metabólico (CMSM) e por 100 kg de peso vivo (CMSP), a diferença decresceu para 3,25 e 3,57%, respectivamente, e deixou de ser significativa. Vacas C foram mais pesadas e apresentaram maior ganho de peso médio diário que vacas N (1,554 contra 1,294 kg). Vacas ½ CN foram mais pesadas e mais eficientes na transformação de alimentos em ganho de peso que vacas ½ NC.

Live High-Train High increases hemoglobin mass in Olympic swimmers

This study tested whether 3-4 weeks of classical Live High-Train High (LHTH) altitude training increases swim-specific VO2max through increased hemoglobin mass (Hb(mass)).Ten swimmers lived and trained for more than 3 weeks between 2,130 and 3,094 m of altitude, and a control group of ten swimmers followed the same training at sea-level (SL). Body composition was examined using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Hb(mass) was determined by carbon monoxide rebreathing. Swimming VO2peak was determined and swimming trials of 4 x 50, 200 and 3,000 m were performed before and after the intervention.Hb(mass) (n = 10) was increased (P < 0.05)after altitude training by 6.2 +/- A 3.9 % in the LHTH group, whereas no changes were apparent in the SL group (n = 10). Swimming VO2peak was similar before and after training camps in both groups (LHTH: n = 7, SL: n = 6). Performance of 4 x 50 m at race pace was improved to a similar degree in both groups (LHTH: n = 10, SL: n = 10). Maximal speed reached in an incremental swimming step test (P = 0.051), and time to complete 3,000 m tended (P = 0.09) to be more improved after LHTH (n = 10) than SL training (n = 10).In conclusion, 3-4 weeks of classical LHTH is sufficient to increase Hb(mass) but exerts no effect on swimming-specific VO2peak. LHTH may improve performance more than SL training.

Comportamento de sistemas de informações geográficas por meio de classificação supervisionada em diferentes bacias hidrográficas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Geoprocessamento de variáveis morfométricas para caracterização da microbacia do Córrego do Petiço

This study aims to perform the morphometric characterization of the watershed stream Petiço, Botucatu-SP, through techniques of GIS by GIS IDRISI Selva and Charter planialtimetric Botucatu (SF-22-ZB-VI-3) , edited by IBGE (1969), scale 1: 50000 for ranking the drainage network and the morphometric analysis. The variables analyzed were the dimensions, the relief pattern, pattern of the drainage network and the shape variables. The results show that related to how the watershed has an oblong shape with environmental interpretation with low tendency to flooding and erosion. The sinuosity index of 1.22 shows that the channels of the micro tend to be somewhat sinuous, which allows to infer that is permeable soil with good water infiltration. Based on the results of the morphometric variables was found that the watershed is in good condition of conservation, however, presents certain risks of susceptibility to erosion, and environmental degradation in some points, being fundamental to the maintenance of vegetation cover, in view of the roughness coefficient (Rn). Thus, the evaluation of morphometric characteristics in the study watershed constitutes an important tool in conjunction with the use of GIS and Geographic Information Systems makes possible the planning and management of natural resources aimed at their conservation.