Protein-responsive polymers for point-of-care detection of cardiac biomarker

This work describes a novel use for the polymeric film, poly(o-aminophenol) (PAP) that was made responsive to a specific protein. This was achieved through templated electropolymerization of aminophenol (AP) in the presence of protein. The procedure involved adsorbing protein on the electrode surface and thereafter electroploymerizing the aminophenol. Proteins embedded at the outer surface of the polymeric film were digested by proteinase K and then washed away thereby creating vacant sites. The capacity of the template film to specifically rebind protein was tested with myoglobin (Myo), a cardiac biomarker for ischemia. The films acted as biomimetic artificial antibodies and were produced on a gold (Au) screen printed electrode (SPE), as a step towards disposable sensors to enable point-of-care applications. Raman spectroscopy was used to follow the surface modification of the Au-SPE. The ability of the material to rebind Myo was measured by electrochemical techniques, namely electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). The devices displayed linear responses to Myo in EIS and SWV assays down to 4.0 and 3.5 μg/mL, respectively, with detection limits of 1.5 and 0.8 μg/mL. Good selectivity was observed in the presence of troponin T (TnT) and creatine kinase (CKMB) in SWV assays, and accurate results were obtained in applications to spiked serum. The sensor described in this work is a potential tool for screening Myo in point-of-care due to the simplicity of fabrication, disposability, short time response, low cost, good sensitivity and selectivity.

Label-free human chorionic gonadotropin detection at picogram levels using oriented antibodies bound to graphene screen-printed electrodes

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a key diagnostic marker of pregnancy and an important biomarker for cancers in the prostate, ovaries and bladder and therefore of great importance in diagnosis. For this purpose, a new immunosensor of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) is presented here. The device was fabricated by introducing a polyaniline (PANI) conductive layer, via in situ electropolymerization of aniline, onto a screen-printed graphene support. The PANI-coated graphene acts as the working electrode of a three terminal electrochemical sensor. The working electrode is functionalised with anti-hCG, by means of a simple process that enabled oriented antibody binding to the PANI layer. The antibody was attached to PANI following activation of the –COOH group at the Fc terminal. Functionalisation of the electrode was analysed and optimized using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Chemical modification of the surface was characterised using Fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy with confocal microscopy. The graphene–SPE–PANI devices displayed linear responses to hCG in EIS assays from 0.001 to 50 ng mL−1 in real urine, with a detection limit of 0.286 pg mL−1. High selectivity was observed with respect to the presence of the constituent components of urine (urea, creatinine, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, potassium sulphate and sodium chloride) at their normal levels, with a negligible sensor response to these chemicals. Successful detection of hCG was also achieved in spiked samples of real urine from a pregnant woman. The immunosensor developed is a promising tool for point-of-care detection of hCG, due to its excellent detection capability, simplicity of fabrication, low-cost, high sensitivity and selectivity.

A new biomimetic sensor for detecting carnitine, a potential biomarker in ovarian cancer

1st ASPIC International Congress

The potential of molecular imprinting as a biosensing devices for monitoring the CEA cancer biomarker

6th Graduate Student Symposium on Molecular Imprinting

Sol-gel biomimetic material designed to target CEA cancer biomarker

1st ASPIC International Congress

Effect of selenization conditions on the growth and properties of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin films

The opto-electronic properties of copper zinc tin sulfide can be tuned to achieve better cell efficiencies by controlled incorporation of selenium. In this paper we report the growth of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) using a hybrid process involving the sequential evaporation of Zn and sputtering of the sulfide precursors of Cu and Sn, followed by a selenization step. Two approaches for selenization were followed, one using a tubular furnace and the other using a rapid thermal processor. The effects of annealing conditions on the morphological and structural properties of the films were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were employed to investigate the morphology and composition of the films. Structural analyses were done using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Structural analyses revealed the formation of CZTSSe. This study shows that regardless of the selenization method a temperature above 450 °C is required for conversion of precursors to a compact CZTSSe layer. XRD and Raman analysis suggests that the films selenized in the tubular furnace are selenium rich whereas the samples selenized in the rapid thermal processor have higher sulfur content.

Avaliação de estado de uma escultura de bronze: “Jean d’Aire” de Auguste Rodin

Dissertação para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Conservação e Restauro, Especialização em Metais

Isolamento e caracterização de enzimas multihémicas de origem microbiana e sua aplicação no desenvolvimento de biossensores

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Química Sustentável

Caracterização química de contas de vidro arqueológicas do século VII a.C. provenientes da Quinta do Almaraz, Cacilhas

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Ciências da Conservação, Departamento de Conservação e Restauro

Biodeterioração de reproduções de vitrais por fungos

Nas últimas décadas, vários estudos revelaram que os microrganismos são agentes de deterioração do vidro, sendo que os fungos se destacam com particular relevância. Os vitrais históricos possuem elementos modificadores como Ca, K e Na que os tornam particularmente vulneráveis a agressões ambientais (corrosão) e à corrosão induzida pelos microrganismos. Deste modo, realizou-se um estudo de biodeterioração acelerada através da inoculação de duas espécies de fungos seleccionadas de um caso de estudo (Penicillium sp. e Cladosporium sp.) efectuada sobre amostras de vidro de três variedades (cores), preparadas a partir do estudo da composição de dois vitrais. A alteração das superfícies foi estudada por μ-EDXRF, μ-Raman e μ-FTIR, microscopia óptica e SEM-EDS, tendo-se comparado dois estados iniciais de superfície: superfícies de vidro não corroídas e corroídas. As principais conclusões deste estudo são que: os organismos são capazes de produzir dano morfológico e químico após somente 2,5 meses de incubação em todas as superfícies, independentemente do seu estado inicial de corrosão, quando há condições de elevada humidade relativa e temperatura moderada. A biocorrosão ocorre de forma diferenciada em termos de taxa de e grau de ataque para os vidros das três cores. Verifica-se, ainda, que as amostras de controlo, sem meio de cultura (fonte de nutrientes) desenvolveram colonização biológica ao fim de 4,5 meses num ambiente previamente esterilizado.

Efeito da temperatura na emissão de electrões secundários em amostras de carbono amorfo

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Física

Caracterização da paleta de Diogo de Torres. Quatro pinturas Retabulares do séc. XVI. Estudo da descoloração do azul de esmalte

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Conservação e Restauro

Printed electronics for ubiquitous computing applications

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Química

Os Livros de Horas (séc. XV) na colecção do Palácio Nacional de Mafra: estudo e conservação

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Conservação e Restauro. Especialização em documentos gráficos

A Capela de S. João Baptista: o esplendor do mosaico vítreo - Caracterização dos elementos colorantes

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Conservação e Restauro