894 resultados para Newton-Krylov
Resumo:
In this work commercial filters papers were organomodified with tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APTS), aiming at the development of a new analytical procedure for in-situ speciation of labile and inert metal species in aquatic systems. Parameters that exert influence on the metal lability such as pH, chelating time, concentration and characteristics of the organic matter were studied in the laboratory using tests for metal recuperation. The results showed slower kinetics for Cu ion than for Ni, Mn and Cd in the absence of aquatic humic substances (AHS). The relative lability observed for complexed metals in aquatic humic substances using organomodified filter papers was Cu>>Cd>Ni>Mn. The pH values, structural characteristics and concentration of AHS exert strong influence on the lability of the metals. The results obtained showed that the utilization of organomodified filter papers can be an interesting and promising alternative for in situ characterization of metal lability in aquatic systems.
Resumo:
S(-) Bupivacaine (S(-)BVC) and Lidocaine (LDC) are widely used local anesthetics (LA). Hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) is used as a drug-carrier system. The aim of this work was to characterize inclusion complexes between LA and HP-beta-CD. The affinity constants determined at different pHs show favourable complexation. The release kinetics experiments showed that S(-)BVC and LDC changed the released profiles in the presence of HP-beta-CD. Nuclear magnetic resonance experiments gave information about the interaction between LA and the cyclodextrin cavity. This study focused on the physicochemical characterization of drug-delivery formulations that come out as potentially new therapeutic options for pain treatment.
Resumo:
In this paper we describe the preparation poly (L-lactide) (PLA) nanocapsules as a drug delivery system for the local anesthetic benzocaine. The characterization and in vitro release properties of the system were investigated. The characterization results showed a polydispersity index of 0.14, an average diameter of 190.1± 3 nm, zeta potential of -38.5 mV and an entrapment efficiency of 73%. The release profile of Benzocaine loaded in PLA nanocapsules showed a significant different behavior than that of the pure anesthetic in solution. This study is important to characterize a drug release system using benzocaine for application in pain treatment.
Resumo:
Cellulose acetate polymeric membranes had been prepared by a procedure of two steps, combining the method of phase inversion and the technique of hydrolysis-deposition. The first step was the preparation of the membrane, and together was organomodified with tetraethylortosilicate and 3-aminopropyltrietoxysilane. Parameters that exert influence in the complexation of the metallic ion, as pH, time of complexation, metal concentration, had been studied in laboratory using tests of metal removal. The membranes had presented resistance mechanics and reactivity to cations, being able to be an alternative for the removal, daily pay-concentration or in the study of the lability of metals complexed.
Resumo:
This paper describes a project, construction and test of a low cost air pycnometer, developed to be used preferentially in pharmaceutical research. A complete discussion of the construction, test and calibration of this equipment is presented and some measurements are made using pharmaceutical powders and dry granulations. The equipment performance has been estimated through its calibration curve, and the obtained value to its volume resolution is about 1%. This equipment is accomplished at the Applied Nuclear Physics Laboratory of University of Sorocaba (LAFINAU) in Sorocaba, SP, Brazil and it was denominated "Picnômetro a Ar Uniso - PICNAU".
Resumo:
Monitoring of soil carbon storage may indicate possible effects of climate change on the terrestrial environment and it is therefore necessary to understand the influence of redox potential and chemical characteristics of humic substances (HS) of Antarctic soil. Five soils from King George Island were used. HS were extracted, quantified and characterized by potentiometry and the content of total carbon and nitrogen determined. HS of these soils had greater aliphatic character, low content of phenolic groups, lower acidity and lower formal standard electrode potential, compared to HS of soils from other regions, suggesting they are more likely to be oxidized.
Resumo:
O artigo procura demonstrar que ocorre, no pensamento de Carl Schmitt, a fusão entre a figura do legislador tal como tratada na Antigüidade e aquela do soberano moderno. Resulta disso que o conceito de exceção passa a ocupar o núcleo da vida política.
Resumo:
O objetivo deste estudo é identificar a existência e avaliar o funcionamento de associações de docentes e alunos de graduação (núcleos, ligas, grupos de estudo e ações) dedicadas à complementação extracurricular do ensino de Oftalmologia e à prestação de ser viços comunitários. Realizou-se estudo transversal descritivo e compôs-se amostra de conveniência formada por estudantes de graduação de Medicina e residentes em Oftalmologia das 107 faculdades de Medicina do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista, mediante aplicação de questionário, em fevereiro e março de 2002. Encontraram-se 12 ligas de Oftalmologia. O critério de seleção para ingresso inclui, na maior parte, presença em curso introdutório e/ou realização de prova. O número de membros varia de 9 a 30. Metade das ligas aceita alunos a partir do terceiro ano de graduação. Todas as associações apresentam participação de docentes, e 75%, de residentes. As atividades mais comuns incluem participação em aulas teóricas e em projetos comunitários, atendimento em ambulatório e/ou pronto-socorro e realização de pesquisa científica. A maioria das ligas de Oftalmologia preenche os requisitos para suplementar o ensino de Oftalmologia na graduação médica, porém o número de ligas ainda é pequeno.
Resumo:
This paper is a historical companion to a previous one, in which it was studied the so-called abstract Galois theory as formulated by the Portuguese mathematician José Sebastião e Silva (see da Costa, Rodrigues (2007)). Our purpose is to present some applications of abstract Galois theory to higher-order model theory, to discuss Silva's notion of expressibility and to outline a classical Galois theory that can be obtained inside the two versions of the abstract theory, those of Mark Krasner and of Silva. Some comments are made on the universal theory of (set-theoretic) structures.
Resumo:
Digital reproduction, The National Library of Finland, Centre for Preservation and Digitisation, Mikkeli
Resumo:
Digital reproduction, The National Library of Finland, Centre for Preservation and Digitisation, Mikkeli
Resumo:
Digital reproduction, The National Library of Finland, Centre for Preservation and Digitisation, Mikkeli
Resumo:
Digital reproduction, The National Library of Finland, Centre for Preservation and Digitisation, Mikkeli
Resumo:
Resumen El articulo tiene por objetivo la reconstrucción alternativa del concepto de estructura, motivado por los articulos (1) y (3), como una generalización abstracta de lo que es un objeto matemático. Primero, mostramos su construcción, que tiene que ver con la teoría de tipos y orden en lógica, dando a lugar a propiedades y varios ejemplos interesantes. Luego avanzamos hacia una semántica concreta, para su análisis, y para permitirnos operar sobre ellas, sabiendo de este modo, lo que es "lo verdadero en ella". Obtenido ello, mostraremos los resultados de reducción de orden y de individuos, pero vistos en este contexto, así formalizando completamente en nuestra teoría de tipos la discusión de (1) (Ver también (2) y (3)) sobre estos temas.
Resumo:
Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar o ajuste do modelo volumétrico de Schumacher e Hall por diferentes algoritmos, bem como a aplicação de redes neurais artificiais para estimação do volume de madeira de eucalipto em função do diâmetro a 1,30 m do solo (DAP), da altura total (Ht) e do clone. Foram utilizadas 21 cubagens de povoamentos de clones de eucalipto com DAP variando de 4,5 a 28,3 cm e altura total de 6,6 a 33,8 m, num total de 862 árvores. O modelo volumétrico de Schumacher e Hall foi ajustado nas formas linear e não linear, com os seguintes algoritmos: Gauss-Newton, Quasi-Newton, Levenberg-Marquardt, Simplex, Hooke-Jeeves Pattern, Rosenbrock Pattern, Simplex, Hooke-Jeeves e Rosenbrock, utilizado simultaneamente com o método Quasi-Newton e com o princípio da Máxima Verossimilhança. Diferentes arquiteturas e modelos (Multilayer Perceptron MLP e Radial Basis Function RBF) de redes neurais artificiais foram testados, sendo selecionadas as redes que melhor representaram os dados. As estimativas dos volumes foram avaliadas por gráficos de volume estimado em função do volume observado e pelo teste estatístico L&O. Assim, conclui-se que o ajuste do modelo de Schumacher e Hall pode ser usado na sua forma linear, com boa representatividade e sem apresentar tendenciosidade; os algoritmos Gauss-Newton, Quasi-Newton e Levenberg-Marquardt mostraram-se eficientes para o ajuste do modelo volumétrico de Schumacher e Hall, e as redes neurais artificiais apresentaram boa adequação ao problema, sendo elas altamente recomendadas para realizar prognose da produção de florestas plantadas.