Corpo e fronteira: o diário de Samuel Fritz e a conquista do espaço amazônico

Considering that the Jesuitical tradition which Father Samuel Fritz belonged, has a clear political and institutional dimension that reveals itself in the missionary initiative placed since the Trento Council, his journal is a experience story as missionary at Maynás region during the period from 1686 until 1725. In his narrative, a series of data related to the conquer of Amazonia, conflicts among the Iberic Kingdoms and french, dutches and british, transformation of culture and space close the period of the Madrid Deal. I´ll explore the men and space relationship, in this case, the missionary in his special practice, therefore an effective and geometrical politic for border control was only applied at 1750 with reformist governments and that Amazônia was, until now, an object of autonomous initiatives, not being until now a priority focused state politics action like the ones in the central regions (silver mines) and that the missionary action of Samuel Fritz represented ant that moment represented the most important border advance to the Spanish Kingdom, coinciding with the end of the borders previously set in Madrid and Santo Idelfonso, I´ll put the question of how and with which politics the experience of Fritz in Maynás could represent an advance about Amazônia space. Then I´ll approach the problem about three aspects that are chapters: The first one was focused to the Iberic Kingdoms atlantic politics and the internal geopolitical relationships they created as the centre and the border emerging a new order; in the second chapter I studied the special transformation cause by the encounter and conflicts between the Indian and European order generating a new organization; in the third chapter I´ll examined the political border of the state and the emergency of the missionary body as an institution, with the tradition and missionary action as support, or not, to the exploration of the east border of Spanish America influencing the delimitation process of the border between Portugal and Spain

Dinâmica do uso e ocupação do solo no litoral de Macau-RN no período de 1978 a 2008

This study was developed in the northern coast of the city of Macau, a total area of 88,52 km², located in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. It presents relatively plain surface, with interlaced of streams and gamboas, characterized by contributions of oceanic water, flooding areas of swamps. Altogether, the climatic and topographical conditions provide an ideal environment for the development of saline activity. Inserted in the geologic context of the Potiguar Basin, the region presents favorable conditions for the production of hydro-carbons. It still presents natural conditions for shrimp breeding and artisanal fishing. This work analyzes the transformations occurred in the land use, using air photographs of 1978, Landsat 5 ETM Images of 1988, 1998 and 2008. A secular analyzes was carried through the dynamics of the use of the territory and the transformations occurred in the landscape due to the increment of the productive activities. In the survey of the data for study of the area, it was verified that little alteration occurred in the 30 years. The saline activity that was present since the year of 1978 having an increase of about 5% in thirty years; the shrimp breeding activity that had its presence in the decade of 1990, presented a high growth in the land use, therefore in 1998 it presented 0.45% and currently it presents 6.59%. In the field it was observed that great areas used previously for the saline activity, today it is prepared for shrimp breeding and that the areas of petroleum exploration occupy salt mines, beaches and trays. In 1988 it presented a percentage of 0, 07% and currently it occupies 0.46%, having grown 50% in the last 10 years. Although the variation of the occupation of the area has been little expressive, shrimp breeding showed a growth of 1,200% in only 10 years. In regards to petroleum activity, there wasn t any demonstration of an increasing impact in the land use in the area of study in 26 years of exploration

A review of complete albinism in bats with five new cases from Brazil

Complete albinism is a rare phenomenon that occurs in all vertebrate groups. In bats, albinism has been recorded in several species but this information has not previously been reviewed in detail nor has there been an analysis of its importance. In this study, cases of albinism from the literature are checked and new cases are presented. Complete albinism in bats is documented in eight families, 38 species, and at least 64 individuals (47.4% female female and 52.6% males; n = 38). of these, 39 individuals were observed and/or captured in sheltered roosts, such as caves (51.3%), mines and galleries (20.5%), buildings (17.9%), and hollow-trees and bird boxes (7.7%). Only one albino bat (2.6%) was captured in an external roost (foliage). This individual is the fruit bat, Artibeus planirostris, which is recorded here for the first time. Information on four additional cases of albino individuals of the common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus, is also presented. It is suggested that sheltered roosts favour survival of albino bars, offering protection against sunlight, water loss, and visually hunting predators.

Tree population and community dynamics in a Brazilian tropical semideciduous forest

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Fluvial transport of lead, zinc and copper contents in polluted mining regions

Ore mines installed in the lower-middle portion of Ribeira de Iguape River (São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil), together with the Panelas Plant are responsible for the contamination of the Iguape-Cananeia-Paranagua lagoon-estuarine complex. The lower-middle portion of Grande Creek Basin, located in the district of Adrianopolis (Parana State, southern Brazil) is under environmental impact because of mining activities. The mines of Perau, at Perau Creek, Canoas at Canoas Creek, and Barrinha at Barrinha Creek and Laranjal Creek have been paralyzed. The transport of lead in fluvial sediments is mainly associated with organic matter, carbonates, the residual fraction, and adsorbables, whereas the transport of zinc is associated with the organic and residual fraction, oxides and hydroxides of iron and manganese, carbonate, and adsorbables. The transport of copper is associated with the residual fraction and oxides and hydroxides of iron and manganese, organic matter, carbonate, and adsorbables.

Morcegos cavernícolas da região do Distrito Federal, centro-oeste do Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Platinum Group Minerals in Eastern Brazil GEOLOGY AND OCCURRENCES IN CHROMITITE AND PLACERS

Brazil does not have working platinum mines, nor even large reserves of the platinum metals, but there is platinum in Brazil. In this paper, four massifs (mafic/ultramafic complexes) in eastern Brazil, in the states of Minas Gerais and Ceara, where platinum is found will be described. Three of these massifs contain concentrations of platinum group minerals or platinum group elements, and gold, associated with the chromitite rock found there. In the fourth massif, in Minas Gerais State, the platinum group elements are found in alluvial deposits at the Bom Sucesso occurrence. This placer is currently being studied.

Molecular characterization of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and A-thiooxidans strains isolated from mine wastes in Brazil

Nineteen strains of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, including 12 strains isolated from coal, copper, gold and uranium mines in Brazil, strains isolated from similar sources in other countries and the type strains of the two species were characterized together with the type strain of A. caldus by using a combination of molecular systematic methods, namely ribotyping, BOX- and ERIC-PCR and DNA-DNA hybridization assays. Data derived from the molecular fingerprinting analyses showed that the tested strains encompassed a high degree of genetic variability. Two of the Brazilian A. ferrooxidans organisms (strains SSP and PCE) isolated from acid coal mine waste and uranium mine effluent, respectively, and A. thiooxidans strain DAMS, isolated from uranium mine effluent, were the most genetically divergent organisms. The DNA-DNA hybridization data did not support the allocation of Acidithiobacillus strain SSP to the A. ferrooxidans genomic species, as it shared only just over 40% DNA relatedness with the type strain of the species. Acidithiobacillus strain SSP was not clearly related to A. ferrooxidans in the 16S rDNA tree.

Transforming open mining pits into fish farms: Moving towards sustainability

The legacy of mining activities has typically been land 'returned to wildlife', or, at some sites, degraded to such an extent that it is unsuitable for any alternate use. Progress towards sustainability is made when value is added in terms of the ecological, social and economic well-being of the community. In keeping with the principles of sustainable development, the innovative use of flooded open pits and tailings impoundments as commercial, recreational or ornamental fish farms should be considered in some locations, as it could make a significant contribution to the social equity, economic vitality and environmental integrity of mining communities. This article highlights the growing significance of aquaculture and explores the benefits and barriers to transforming flooded pits and impoundments into aquaculture operations. Among other benefits, aquaculture may provide a much-needed source of revenue, employment and, in some cases, food to communities impacted by mine closure. Further, aquaculture in a controlled closed environment may be more acceptable to critics of fish farming who are concerned about fish escapes and viral transmissions to wild populations. Despite the potential benefits, aquaculture in flooded pits and impoundments is not without its complications - it requires a site-specific design approach that must consider issues ranging from metals uptake by fish, to the long-term viability of the aquatic system as fish habitat, to the overall contribution of aquaculture to sustainability. © 2004 United Nations. Published by Blackwell Publishing.

Mechanical tillage of degraded mining areas at Jamari national forest (Amazonian forest, Rondônia - BR)

According to the environmental legislation enforced in Brazil and the process of marketing globalization, the commitment of the nations to the preservation of the environment is intensified. By reason of nature's negative responses to its intensive use, awareness then appears from enterprises and agencies about how the anthropic action over the environment needs to be minimized, becoming a challenge: development and sustainability. In this context, the present work made use of the Mechanical tillage of the soil, as a technique to apply, in a large scale, the strategies and methods to recover mined areas that were researched and developed experimentally by researchers on a theme project about the recovering of degraded areas. This work was conducted in the Amazon ecosystem, inside the Jamari National Forest - Rondônia (FLONA do Jamari), in deactivated cassiterite mines. The objectives of this work were to: Develop a computational program capable of managing a database and assist in the selection of machines and preparation methods to execute the operations of topographical reconstitution and tillage of surfaces in areas degraded by the mineral exploitation of cassiterite. Use the program that was developed in the planning of costs and operational development, for the operations required in the strategies for recovering the areas. Analyze the vegetable productivity in the mobilized areas and the quality of the superficial mobilization, making use of indicators and tillage methods. Evaluate, through biological indicators, the efficiency of the recovery strategies and techniques that were mechanized and applied on the location. The results showed that the developed computational program (SGMAD) served the methodological purposes (the analysis of costs and operational capacity) established for the planning and the selection of the tillage machines and methods in the areas of mineral exploitation of cassiterite. The applied methods and quality of the superficial mobilization were significant to the development of leguminous plants in the areas. The use of biological indicators (microbial biomass and enzymatic activity) in the evaluation of the adopted techniques and strategies revealed that the planting of leguminous plants and their posterior incorporation have been promoting gradually positive alterations in some of the analyzed soil/substract parameters. © 2010 WIT Press.

Geoelectrical prospection of disseminated sulfide mineral occurrences in Camaquã Sedimentary Basin, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

The mineral exploration is a complex activity that should involve a combination of direct and indirect techniques of geological investigation. The growing demand for base metals in the national and international market provides the revaluation of mineral occurrences that can become deposits and mines. This paper presents the results of the electrical resistivity and induced polarization geophysical methods in azimuthal arrangement, applied in a mineral occurrence of disseminated copper sulfides, previously studied through trenches and core drilling, located in the Camaquã Sedimentary Basin, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The inversion models indicate the coincidence of high chargeability and low resistivity values. The integration of geophysical data permitted the elaboration of 3D attributes visualization models for the mineralization enclosed in volcanic tuffs. The integrated geophysical and geological analysis indicates the potential of a new mineralized area. © 2012 Sociedade Brasileira de Geofísica.

Aspectos ecológicos de um minador foliar em Erythroxylum tortuosum Mart. (Erythroxylaceae): qualidade da planta, anatomia das minas e variação hierárquica de traços vegetais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Modernização da agricultura e (re)organização do espaço no município de Jataí-GO

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Rogadinae e Orgilinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) em cultura de café em Cravinhos, SP, Brasil

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV

Modelo estrutural da jazida de sulfetos de NI-CU-CO e MGP, Fortaleza de Minas, MG

Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE