扫描型哈特曼检测装置研究

在传统哈特曼检验法基础上研制成功一种扫描型哈特曼检测新装置。可对最大口径为Ф300mm的聚焦镜在全口径范围内进行采样测量。该检测装置由大口径标准平行光管、扫描式哈特曼光阑、被俭聚焦镜、CCD摄像机及计算机组成。在水平和垂直两个径向上开有等间距排列且相互错开半个间距的小孔。并且在步进电机的驱动下绕光轴旋转。可对被检聚焦镜进行全口径连续采样。对有效口径为夺154mm的斐索平面干涉仪非球面准直物镜的球差及焦斑能量集中度进行了测量。进而由球差计算得到了波像差。并用干涉法对该准直物镜进行了测量。球差的理论值与测量值

靶镜光学质量检测技术的研究

提出了一种利用扫描型哈特曼检测装置检验靶镜光学质量的技术.该装置对传统哈特曼检验装置的光阑进行了改进,通过扫描型哈特曼光阑的旋转扫描,可对被检靶镜全口径范围内连续采样.利用该扫描型哈特曼检测装置对一块口径为φ270 mm的非球面靶镜的能量集中度和波像差进行了检验,其结果与激光数字波面干涉仪的测量结果相吻合,其中能量集中度的相对测量误差为7.7%,波像差的相对测量误差为10.2%,验证了该检测技术的有效性.

Rodadas de Interação: um modelo para o projeto de interfaces de websites que potencializem a motivação em interagir

Este trabalho tem por objetivo propor um modelo de pensamento projetual que oriente o designer de experiências interativas no formato de websites. Baseia-se em um corpo teórico e diretrizes adequadas para estimular a manutenção da atividade do usuário e o prolongamento da experiência interativa no tempo, aumentando a probabilidade da ocorrência de momentos memoráveis e emocionalmente positivos ao interator, sem prejuízo à usabilidade do sistema. Esta abordagem se afasta do paradigma de projeto voltado para o cumprimento de objetivos e tarefas, no qual procura-se reduzir o tempo de interação aumentando a produtividade do interator. Ao contrário, aqui se propõe um olhar voltado para o engajamento em uma atividade, sendo esta o fim em si.

A sede do deserto: Lavoura arcaica e a parábola do pródigo

Desde que foi publicado, em 1975, Lavoura arcaica vem intrigando os leitores com a sua dessemelhança. Em meio a livros que absorviam a violência do regime militar brasileiro, Raduan Nassar surgiu com uma obra estranha, que se nutria de uma linguagem poética profundamente ressonante, do pensamento monoteísta mediterrâneo, da herança cultural árabe, da subversão pela via da sexualidade. O tempo passou, o escritor abandonou a literatura, muita coisa interessante foi dita sobre o romance, mas seus enigmas são ainda sementes lançadas em solo fértil. Lavoura arcaica é mais uma releitura da prolífica parábola do filho pródigo, presente no Evangelho de Lucas e reelaborada inúmeras vezes ao longo dos seus dois mil anos de existência. A história do jovem rebelde que decide romper os laços com a família para se lançar no mundo tem se mostrado generosa para com a imaginação de muitos autores, que se dispuseram a reescrevê-la com o filtro de suas óticas particulares. Alguns deles estão no presente trabalho: Gide, Kipling, Kafka, Rilke, Dalton Trevisan, Lúcio Cardoso e também o teólogo católico Henri Nouwen. Apesar das variações, a volta para casa ocupa em todas as narrativas um lugar privilegiado. Essa é uma história, afinal, sobre os motivos que levam o sujeito a ir embora e, mais ainda, sobre as razões que fazem com que regresse. Arrependimento, recomeço, fraqueza, derrota, amor? A despeito das muitas antíteses que encontramos no texto de Raduan, elas não exigem que façamos uma escolha entre o arcaico e o moderno, entre ficar ou partir, entre o individual e o coletivo, entre a contenção e a entrega. Essa é a questão: Lavoura arcaica não é um livro sobre a luta do bem contra o mal, da liberdade contra a opressão, mas um painel que mostra como tudo isso se mistura na mesma paisagem ou, parafraseando o personagem André, como as coisas só se unem se desunindo

Os diagramas do sistema de atendimento à infância: suas lentes punitivas.

O presente trabalho se propõe a colocar em análise as relações de três famílias pobres com o Sistema de Garantia de Direitos (SGD), as quais, por fim, tiveram o seu poder familiar destituído, sob a perspectiva da moralização, da disciplina, da vigilância e do controle. As tramas e os caminhos tortuosos, as práticas sociais punitivas e penais, as relações de verdades e os poderes que se exercem e se atualizam, as resistências e os jogos de tensões e forças que se apresentam, tudo isso está posto e descrito nas linhas desta pesquisa, à luz de autores clássicos como Foucault (principalmente), Deleuze, Guattari, Lourau, Nietzche, Donzelot, bem como contribuições mais próximas de autores nacionais, que se debruçam em estudos e pesquisas sobre os temas acima e dialogam com as situações em análise nesta pesquisa. Desnaturalizar os lugares constituídos à luz da moral, das produções subjetivas contemporâneas, dos costumes higienistas e correcionais, das tentativas de enquadramento das práticas familiares, de um jeito de ser pai e mãe, é um dos principais propósitos desta pesquisa. Trata-se de pensar e criar outras possibilidades, como um sopro de liberdade, de desconstrução de lugares, de outras perspectivas e práticas possíveis.

A holographic projection system with an electrically tuning and continuously adjustable optical zoom

A holographic projection system with optical zoom is demonstrated. By using a combination of a LC lens and an encoded Fresnel lens on the LCoS panel, we can control zoom in a holographic projector. The magnification can be electrically adjusted by tuning the focal length of the combination of the two lenses. The zoom ratio of the holographic projection system can reach 3.7:1 with continuous zoom function. The optical zoom function can decrease the complexity of the holographic projection system.

Can nanotubes be lens array?

Thumbnail image of graphical abstract Reflective binary Fresnel lenses fabricated so far all suffer from reflections from the opaque zones and hence degradation in focusing and lensing properties. Here a solution is found to this problem by developing a carbon nanotube Fresnel lens, where the darkest man-made material ever, i.e., low-density vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays, are exploited.

Low-cost PCB-integrated 10-Gb/s optical transceiver built with a novel integration method

A novel integration method for the production of cost-effective optoelectronic printed circuit boards (OE PCBs) is presented. The proposed integration method allows fabrication of OE PCBs with manufacturing processes common to the electronics industry while enabling direct attachment of electronic components onto the board with solder reflow processes as well as board assembly with automated pick-and-place tools. The OE PCB design is based on the use of polymer multimode waveguides, end-fired optical coupling schemes, and simple electro-optic connectors, eliminating the need for additional optical components in the optical layer, such as micro-mirrors and micro-lenses. A proof-of-concept low-cost optical transceiver produced with the proposed integration method is presented. This transceiver is fabricated on a low-cost FR4 substrate, comprises a polymer Y-splitter together with the electronic circuitry of the transmitter and receiver modules and achieves error-free 10-Gb/s bidirectional data transmission. Theoretical studies on the optical coupling efficiencies and alignment tolerances achieved with the employed end-fired coupling schemes are presented while experimental results on the optical transmission characteristics, frequency response, and data transmission performance of the integrated optical links are reported. The demonstrated optoelectronic unit can be used as a front-end optical network unit in short-reach datacommunication links. © 2011-2012 IEEE.

Aspheric surface testing with a liquid compensatory interferometer

A simple method of testing deep aspheric surfaces is presented. The apparatus consists of a Twyman-Green interferometer and a liquid compensatory container. Two lenses, one with spherical surfaces and the other with a spherical surface and an aspheric surface, were tested by using this method. The device is very simple and easy to assemble. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

Diffractive microlens with a cascade focal plane fabricated by single mask UV-photolithography and common KOH:H2O etching

A diffractive microlens with a cascade focal plane along the main optical axis of the device is fabricated using a low-cost technique mainly including single mask ultraviolet (UV) photolithography and dual-step KOH:H2O etching. Based on the evolutionary behavior of converse pyramid-shaped microholes (CPSMs) preshaped over a {100}-oriented silicon wafer in KOH etchant, the first-step KOH etching is performed to transfer initial square micro-openings in a SiO2 film grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and patterned by single mask UV-photolithography, into CPSMs with needed dimension. After completely removing a thinned SiO2 mask, basic annular phase steps with a relatively steep sidewall and scheduled height can be shaped in the overlapped etching region between the neighboring silicon concave-arc microstructures evolved from CPSMs through the second-step KOH etching. Morphological measurements demonstrate a desirable surface of the silicon microlens with a roughness in nanometer scale and the feature height of the phase steps formed in the submicrometer range. Conventional optics measurements of the plastic diffractive microlens obtained by further hot embossing the fine microrelief phase map over the nickel mask made through a common electrochemical method indicate a highly efficient cascaded focusing performance.

A new axial injection beam line of the SFC

A new axial beam injection system is designed and being constructed at the HIRFL. It consists of 2 GLASSER lenses, 1 dipole, 5 quadrupoles and 3 solenoids. There are two beam line branches for 14.5GHz ECR ion source and 18.5GHz super conducting ECR ion source. Both transverse and longitudinal beam optics are improved in contrast with the old one. The layout, beam optics calculation results and further improved design are given.

散景效果的真实感绘制

针对现有方法绘制的散景效果真实感较差的问题,提出一种基于几何光学理论的散景效果真实感绘制方法.该方法以光线传播的折射定律为基础,利用序列光线追踪方法对相机镜头的光学成像特性进行精确建模;对相机镜头的内部结构进行精确模拟,包括孔径光阑和渐晕光阑,以绘制出由孔径形状和渐晕共同作用的散景效果;利用几何光学理论和序列光线追踪方法精确计算出出射光瞳的位置和大小,以辅助光线采样,提高光线追踪效率.绘制结果表明,利用该方法能够绘制出较为逼真的散景效果,正确模拟了孔径形状和渐晕对散景效果的影响,并具有较高的光线追踪效率.

The multicolour three-photon resonant ionization spectrum studies in uranium atom

The multicolour three-photon resonant ionization spectra of U-238 were measured by using the pulsed dye lasers system synchronously pumped by a frequency doubled Nd:YAG-laser 532 nm output(operated at 10 Hz),a device for atomic beam of U, time-of-flight mass spectrometer and boxcar integrator. The dye laser pulses have a 6 ns duration. Beams from the dye lasers, which have the same polarization direction and are focused by lenses, entered an interaction chamber through opposite windows on a common axis and spatialy overlapped the U atomic beam. The optical pulse from dye laser DL2 was delayed to arrive at the interaction region 8 ns after the pulse from dye laser DL1; in the same way,the pulse from DL3 was delayed 8 ns after from DL2. The atomic beam device was made from stainless steel. We generated the U vapor by heating solid U in a graphite crucible by e-type electron -field on first excited states were studied in uranium atom. The question how to determine single-colour, two-colour and three-colour three-photon resonant ionization peak in the three-colour three-photon resonant ionization spectra diagram were solved.

Characteristics of shallow gas hydrate in Okhotsk Sea

Multidisciplinary field investigations were carried out in Okhotsk Sea by R/V Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev (LV) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) in May 2006, supported by funding agencies from Korea, Russia, Japan and China. Geophysical data including echo-sounder, bottom profile, side-scan-sonar, and gravity core sample were obtained aimed to understand the characteristics and formation mechanism of shallow gas hydrates. Based on the geophysical data, we found that the methane flare detected by echo-sounder was the evidence of free gas in the sediment, while the dome structure detected by side-scan sonar and bottom profile was the root of gas venting. Gas hydrate retrieved from core on top of the dome structure which was interbedded as thin lamination or lenses with thickness varying from a few millimeters to 3 cm. Gas hydrate content in hydrate-bearing intervals visually amounted to 5%-30% of the sediment volume. This paper argued that gases in the sediment core were not all from gas hydrate decomposition during the gravity core lifting process, free gases must existed in the gas hydrate stability zone, and tectonic structure like dome structure in this paper was free gas central, gas hydrate formed only when gases over-saturated in this gas central, away from these structures, gas hydrate could not form due to low gas concentration.