Avaliação de impactos ambientais de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos através de inventário dos materiais usados na fabricação

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

Análise da dinâmica de fragmentos florestais: estudo de caso de Sorocaba-SP

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

Análise da queda de granizo em Guarulhos-SP e seus impactos socioeconômicos

The climate and weather have direct implications on society, are factors that can to regulate or restrict human occupation in a determined space. In this way, studies of climate and weather are justified to be extremely necessary for urban planning and economic activities, especially agriculture. The precipitation of hail, which enters in the classification of severe storm, causes large, direct and indirect impacts on society, mainly when it occurs in urban areas. This work aims to study the precipitation of hail, explain what is a severe storms and how hail is formed in clouds, making use of a literature review in geography and also in weather sciences. It is also an aim of this work analyze the genesis, evolution and dissipation of a specific case of precipitation of hail occurred in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, especially in Guarulhos, on 21st of September 21 of 2010, through the use of GOES-12’ satellite’s images and the use of São Roque’s weather radar. And in this way, show the potential impact of hail storms in society and contribute to a greater preparedness of the population, urban planners associations and emergency management, such as municipalities, the civil defense and fireman

Impactos Ambientais do Território de Botucatu

Não disponível

Fluxo institucional de resíduos de equipamentos elétricos e eletrônicos e identificação de seus potenciais impactos ambientais e na saúde

A preocupação ambiental em relação aos resíduos de equipamentos elétricos e eletrônicos (REEE) vem crescendo muito nos últimos anos devido à presença de substâncias perigosas que podem causar danos ao ambiente e à saúde. O trabalho teve por objetivo investigar o destino de REEE gerados no Campus Quadrilátero da Saúde/Direito (CQS/D) da Universidade de São Paulo (Faculdade de Medicina, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Instituto de Medicina Tropical e Faculdade de Direito), a partir do momento em que os mesmos deixam as dependências da Instituição e identificar potenciais riscos à saúde e ao ambiente, decorrentes das atuais ações de gerenciamento dos REEE nas unidades estudadas. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se em 3 etapas: a) pesquisa bibliográfica e documental; b) visitas às unidades que compõem o CQS/D, e identificação de cinco intituições filantrópicas como principais destinos; c) visitas aos locais identificados para investigar as atividades desenvolvidas para a recuperação de equipamentos, componentes ou materiais recicláveis, com base em um formulário desenvolvido. Adicionalmente, foram realizadas visitas a outros quatro locais de destino de REEE. Foi identificado que as etapas realizadas nas instituições são: recebimento, teste, conserto e desmontagem manual e que o destino dos REEE pode ser considerado problemático, já que os rejeitos acabam sendo descartados como resíduo comum, podendo causar danos ao ambiente e à saúde. Além disso há riscos ocupacionais, pois os trabalhadores, além de não utilizarem equipamentos de proteção individual necessários, nem sempre recebem capacitação para exercer suas funções

Estimativa dos impactos das mudanças climáticas na distribuição das espécies montanas do gênero Brachycephalus (Amphibia: anura) através da modelagem de nicho ecológico

The genus Brachycephalus is endemic to the Atlantic rainforest and is distributed mainly in the southeastern and southern Brazil. Currently, it has 17 recognized species, most of them, associated with mountainous habitats along the Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira ridges. Here we use an ecological niche modelling approach based on climatic variables, to assess the potential niche of the mountainous species of this genus. The model generated was then projected to future scenarios considering the last IPCC report, in order to estimate the impacts of climate changes on these species distribution. Results show a decrease in the total suitable area for the mountainous Brachycephalus species, as well as tendencies already observed for other organisms, such as, pole and upward migrations. A southern area on Planalto de Paranapiacaba increases in suitability for these species. We suggest special efforts on new surveys and conservation on the northern part of their distribution, once this seems to be the region more affected by climate changes on the projected scenarios

Avaliação da erosão hídrica, transporte de sedimentos e qualidade da água na bacia do córrego Monjolo Grande

Understanding the linkages between the natural elements is essential for being promoted the land use, occupation and sustainable management of environmental systems. Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), as a predictive model of erosion, is important to allowing the prevention of possible environmental impacts which may drastically interfere in natural or anthropic environments, as well as prevent potential financial wastes and even contribute to greater efficiency of agricultural production. This research will be working some USLE parameters, emphasizing topographic factor from Ribeirão Monjolo Grande watershed. Among the factors considered by the USLE, the Topographic Factor interferes directly in the erosive dynamic of a watershed because it involves variables related to hydrological processes that occur on it. In this research, were discussed different methods for obtaining the Topographic Factor (BERTONI e LOMBARDI NETO, 1985; MOORE e BURCH, 1986; DESMET E GOVERS, 1996) in GIS environment. After comparison between the methods, was indicated that best represents the conditions of geometry strand of the study area. Finally, other factors (R, K, C, P) considered by the USLE were obtained. The attainment of these parameters were guided by the use of geotechnologies, especially in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), with the assistance of secondary data and periodic field visits. The results obtained contributed to the understanding of hydrosedimentological dynamic in this area and serve as a viable strategy for studies of soil loss, aiming at developing consistent material for future researches about environmental planning and land management

Os impactos da política nacional de resíduos sólidos no setor de eletrônicos

A Revolução Tecnológica vem colocando no mercado um número cada vez maior de equipamentos eletrônicos, enquanto a absorção dos impactos pelo ecossistema se torna cada vez mais difícil. A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos reúne o conjunto de princípios, diretrizes, metas e ações para o gerenciamento ambientalmente adequado dos resíduos. Comparando o cenário brasileiro com medidas de outros países, a proposta é analisar os impactos econômicos e ambientais da nova lei sobre a indústria de produtos eletroeletrônicos

Urbanização, turismo e seus impactos nos recursos naturais no município de Ilhabela - SP

The urbanization process in the Brazilian cities is directly linked to its main economic activities, and causes several impacts on the natural resources. It can be seen at the city of Ilhabela, an archipelago located at the north coast of the state of São Paulo, that still has a great area of preserved Atlantic Rainforest, and where today the tourism is the main economic activity. With this in sight, this paper aimed to make a prospect of the current situation of the city, looking at the main aspects of its economic and urban development and the environmental impacts related to them. Among the aspects studied, are the irregular occupations at preservation areas on the island: the pressure on the sea ecosystems by the fishing and the boat circulation, and at the beaches by the tourists flow. Were also observed the characteristics of the city’s urban infrastructure, such as the water supply, sewer and road networks and the waste collecting. Finally, it was analyzed the way that the government acts over the preservation of the island’s natural resources, by the Municipality and the Ilhabela State Park, so that the acting of these two agents could be compared

O FUNDEB e seus impactos na oferta da educação infantil conveniada: um estudo em municípios paulistas de grande porte

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Os ventos e seus impactos na área urbana de Rio Claro (SP) entre 2005 e 2010: um análise através dos jornais e dos boletins de ocorrência

The intensive development in the urbanization process implied a series of economic, social, and gradually, environmental transformations, essentially, since its intensification, which took place from the Industrial Revolution in Europe and North America. In Latin American countries, including Brazil, there was such acceleration in urban sprawl, only in the middle of the twentieth century, fomented by a peculiar industrialization, coming from the scientific-technical revolution, which occurred in developing countries. In this context, and with a lack of planning and an effective organization, cities of the dependent countries face an inordinate population growth and an unprecedented industrial swelling. Brazil, following this trend, presents several issues regarding the gaps in the provision of necessary infrastructure to meet the most basic needs of its population and the intense activity and anthropogenic effects on the environment. In this sense, environmental problems, related to air and water pollution, degradation and contamination of soil, paving roads, reduction of green areas, urban heat island, among others, reaching ever deeper into the Brazilian urban areas. It is important the analysis in this final project, the weather events related to episodes of strong winds and the events and the impacts to the population of Rio Claro (SP) in the period 2005 to 2010, basing themselves in Geographical Climatology and Urban climate studies. In this scenario, we found the prevalence of occurrences linked to falling trees in the study area, connected, at the same time, to the occurrence and to the absence of episodes of extreme events, with measurements of strong winds, showing a connection between the events and external facts to episodes of winds

Implementação da eficiência global de equipamento (OEE) no padrão de produção e análise de impactos

Nowadays, there is a need for improvements in production processes for companies to be competitive, as it is an obligation of businesses, it is necessary to know about the production processes accurately, to learn where improvements in work and thus have large impacts results. The calculation of efficiency of production lines is necessary to know as much about the progress of production and for product costing, when the measurement is not suitable, it generates negative impacts on the company. Due to the impact generated by this parameter, the graduation work carry out the study of change in a method that does not include all requirements necessary, by another method known as Overall Equipment Effectiveness, and according to studies, covering various parameters, showing become more consistent. These values are contained in the pattern production which is used to fund the product, thereby also occur financial impacts. Thus the work will study the change along with the analysis of impacts caused by the change

Impactos socioespaciais do uso e ocupação do solo urbano na área de entorno do Aeroporto Internacional de São Paulo - Guarulhos - Andre Franco Montoro

The construction of the São Paulo International Airport in Guarulhos recorded significant economic growth for the whole region, especially for services and jobs generated. Despite the importance of its presence in Guarulhos, we note the absence of an articulate and committed planning to urban development of the city, mainly in adjacent areas to this airport system planning. Through this stud, we analyzed primarily the major interferences and modifications afforded by its presence in guarulhense spatiality. We found that the government was, to some extent, tolerant to mounting housing in the surrounding area to the airport, from the moment that allowed the diverse urban land use in the place where it was planned to build such equipment. We further note that the airport is developed autonomously to the municipality in which the investments and related works only aim to meet the needs of the enterprise

O Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida, o mercado imobiliário e o direito à cidade: análise dos impactos do programa na cidade de São Carlos - SP

This article discusses, in general matters, the economic and social motivations, the organization and development of the program Minha Casa Minha Vida, made in 2009, by Federal Government of Brazil. The objective of this work was to analyse the Brazilian economic and housing context, and the program relation with the Subprime international crisis, which has been started at United States in 2008, as well as analysing and discussing the logistics and the program accessibility. The MCMV program, part of the PAC – Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento – has the intention to combat the economic crisis that had been installed and also minimize the deficit housing of the country. From PAC's initial estimate, US$250 Bi, it has been spent US$129 Bi and it has already been approved more than US$125 Bi designated for the second stage of the program, whose the estimate of PAC2 is about one trillion and a half of brazilian reais. One million homes were built between 2009 and 2012, and the goal for 2014 is two million and a half of new residences. If comparing the current program with the oldest programs, progress were observed ,however, problems and inconsistences are clearly seen: in the real concernment, the truly beneficiary, and contradiction between a social and economic program to urban demands, among other situational factors. It’s also evident, the incentivation for a new residential and closed neighbourhoods, thereby adding to the fragmentation of the urban space, beyond of the exclusion socioespacial caused financing of residences in farest allotments. The capitalist production of the space it’s clearly thriving in analysis of thisfinancing package of the urban habitation, where the biggest glebas rise between central neighbourhood and the newest generated suburb, they evidence the negligence of the authorities in well managing the space, not executing the application of urban instruments of planning the social function, and...

A estrutura produtiva da soja e seus impactos: um quadro comparativo entre Paraguai, Argentina e Uruguai

The presented text aims to evaluate the causes that led to the formation of the current agrarian structure in Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay as well as the characteristics of the agro-export model that takes place in these countries, which is based on production and export of soybeans. Because of its contemporary importance and represent the bulk of agricultural production in the countries under study, is established the objective of identifying the particularities and commonalities between these soybean production, with regard to its production structure and the benefits and impacts generated by this. Finally, statistical historical data are presented, enabling this comparison, showing the development and crucial moments for the establishment of the current standard