Initial letter sounds.

Está indicado para los niños que están empezando a aprender fonética. Se trata de hacer coincidir la letra de la solapa con el sonido que le corresponde y, de oír el sonido inicial de cada palabra. Los conocimientos y habilidades fónicos se pueden desarrollar con toda la clase, en grupos, o individualmente. También hay más actividades, así como una guía de pronunciación al final del libro.

End sounds.

Indicado para los niños que están aprendiendo fonética y ya pueden entender el sonido inicial de las palabras. Se trata de distinguir qué letra o letras de la solapa coinciden con un sonido, y,ayudar a los alumnos a que escuchen con atención los sonidos finales de cada palabra. Los conocimientos y habilidades fónicos se pueden desarrollar con toda la clase, en grupo, o individualmente.

Sounds poems.

Esta selección de poesía se ha elegido para que coincida con temas de interés para el grupo de edad: sonidos. Aunque los poemas son completamente independientes de otras historias, pueden ser introducidos junto con libros de cuentos. Destinado a escuelas infantiles, puede utilizarse para el trabajo curricular transversal, así como para la enseñanza de la lectura y el disfrute de la poesía, ritmo y rima. Desarrolla en los niños habilidades fonológicas y el conocimiento de la rima y los introduce en la poesía desde las primeras etapas de la lectura. Ofrece orientación para hablar y escuchar, con especial atención a la lectura en voz alta.

Jungle sounds.

Una pantera, un hipopótamo, un cocodrilo, un oso, un tigre y una serpiente emiten unos sonidos como feroces criaturas de la jungla provocados por pequeños animales, del tipo de: un mono, un gato, un pato, unos ratones.

Letters, sounds, and rhymes. Photocopy masters book 2 : stages 4-9.

Ayuda a desarrollar en los niños las habilidades para la lectura y la ortografía, a conocer los fonemas vocales y a distinguir entre fonema y grafema. Todo esto con el apoyo fónico de las historias, de esta misma serie, contadas para las etapas escolares de la cuatro a la seis y de la siete a la nueve. Cumple con los requisitos del plan de estudios del Reino Unido, y, en particular, con la Estrategia nacional de alfabetización (National Literacy Strategy).

Letters, sounds, and rhymes from starter stage. Teacher's guide.

Comprende una serie de materiales que satisfacen las demandas de aprendizaje de lectura y escritura de los niños dentro de un plan de estudios diseñados además conforme a unos principios: textos estructurados, de agradable y enriquecedora lectura. Para ello, tiene textos de ficción y no ficción, para edades de 4 a 7 años y, que pueden ser utilizados para la lectura compartida, para trabajo en grupo y para lectura independiente.

Sounds like a good idea : using audio technology in the classroom.

La generación actual de estudiantes está familiarizada con medios tecnológicos del tipo: MP3, podcasts, descargas, redes sociales, teléfonos móviles, etc, por ello, el autor del texto considera que el profesorado debe conocer la tecnología audio y su uso para la enseñanza en clase. Así, a los docentes se les proporcionan consejos prácticos para la grabación, edición y mezcla de audio, sobre la elección de equipos, y se les muestra, también, que es un medio para involucrar a los alumnos, de primaria y de secundaria, en el aprendizaje y, también, para el desarrollo de otras habilidades necesarias para su vida fuera de la escuela.

Elizabeth Bishop’s sounds of sanity

In this article, I examine the implications of rewriting definitions of sanity and insanity through the use of noise, silence, and language,positioningElizabeth Bishop’s short story “In the Village” as a form of resistance against traditional readings of madness, logocentrism, and identity. I suggest that by writing her characters as undivided from the world of sound, Elizabeth Bishop’s story shifts understandings of insanity, which is often conceptualized through denials of agency, allowing her characters to escape in noises and hesitations in language and communication. “In the Village” avoids silencing the “insane” mother through her placement in a caesura of sound and silence. This article avoids a biographical reading of “In the Village,” which is often connected with her own mother’s “mental breakdown,” because Bishop’s writing would have been as much affected by her conscious awareness of her past as it was by the unconscious impulses and histories of writing in the West. Rather, I take into account Bishop’s own personal history as well as the repetitions that reflect a placement in a tradition appearing in the story itself. Using this particular lens, I believe a rereading of “In the Village” is in order, where the “mad mother” is not silenced by the oppressive social structures that control the insane,” but she instead finds escape in the multitudes of sounds that associate with her, erasing the power of language and opening a new world where agency exists in a scream or in a striking hammer.

Dichotic identification of complex sounds

This paper is a study of speech perception and related variables to better understand the psychoacoustics of speech.

Conditioning the chinchilla to novel sounds

This paper is a review of a study on chinchillas to test discrimination of sounds and related factors such as novelty, habituation and same-different discrimination.

Coronary heart disease risk screening: the community pharmacy Healthy Heart Assessment Service

Objectives We examined the characteristics and CHD risks of people who accessed the free Healthy Heart Assessment (HHA) service operated by a large UK pharmacy chain from August 2004 to April 2006. Methods Associations between participants’ gender, age, and socioeconomics were explored in relation to calculated 10-year CHD risks by cross-tabulation of the data. Specific associations were tested by forming contingency tables and using Pearson chi-square (χ2). Results Data from 8,287 records were analysable; 5,377 were at low and 2,910 at moderate-to-high CHD risk. The likelihood of moderate-to-high risk for a male versus female participant was significantly higher with a relative risk ratio (RRR) 1.72 (P < 0.001). A higher percentage of those in socioeconomic categories ‘constrained by circumstances’ (RRR 1.15; P < 0.05) and ‘blue collar communities’ (RRR 1.13; P < 0.05) were assessed with moderate-to-high risk compared to those in ‘prospering suburbs’. Conclusions People from ‘hard-to-reach’ sectors of the population, men and people from less advantaged communities, accessed the HHA service and were more likely to return moderate-to-high CHD risk. Pharmacists prioritised provision of lifestyle information above the sale of a product. Our study supports the notion that pharmacies can serve as suitable environments for the delivery of similar screening services.

Uptake of a free coronary heart disease risk screening programme in community pharmacy: the Healthy Heart Assessment service

Introduction Health promotion (HP) aims to enhance good health while preventing ill-health at three levels of activity; primary (preventative), secondary (diagnostic) and tertiary (management).1 It can range from simple provision of health education to ongoing support, but the effectiveness of HP is ultimately dependent on its ability to influence change. HP as part of the Community Pharmacy Contract (CPC) aims to increase public knowledge and target ‘hard-to-reach’ individuals by focusing mainly on primary and tertiary HP. The CPC does not include screening programmes (secondary HP) as a service. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the UK. While there is evidence to support the effectiveness of some community pharmacy HP strategies in CHD, there is paucity of research in relation to screening services.2 Against this background, Alliance Pharmacy introduced a free CHD risk screening programme to provide tailored HP advice as part of a participant–pharmacist consultation. The aim of this study is to report on the CHD risk levels of participants and to provide a qualitative indication of consultation outcomes. Methods Case records for 12 733 people who accessed a free CHD risk screening service between August 2004 and April 2006 offered at 217 community pharmacies were obtained. The service involved initial self-completion of the Healthy Heart Assessment (HHA) form and measurement of height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol and highdensity lipoprotein levels by pharmacists to calculate CHD risk.3 Action taken by pharmacists (lifestyle advice, statin recommendation or general practitioner (GP) referral) and qualitative statements of advice were recorded, and a copy provided to the participants. The service did not include follow-up of participants. All participants consented to taking part in evaluations of the service. Ethical committee scrutiny was not required for this service development evaluation. Results Case records for 10 035 participants (3658 male) were evaluable; 5730 (57%) were at low CHD risk (<15%); 3636 (36%) at moderate-to-high CHD risk (≥15%); and 669 (7%) had existing heart disease. A significantly higher proportion of male (48% versus 30% female) participants were at moderate- to-high risk of CHD (chi-square test; P < 0.005). A range of outcomes resulted from consultations. Lifestyle advice was provided irrespective of participants’ CHD risk or existing disease. In the moderate-to-high-risk group, of which 52% received prescribed medication, lifestyle advice was recorded for 62%, 16% were referred and 34% were advised to have a re-assessment. Statin recommendations were made in 1% of all cases. There was evidence of supportive and motivational statements in the advice recorded. Discussion Pharmacists were able to identify individuals’ level of CHD risk and provide them with bespoke advice. Identification of at-risk participants did not automatically result in referrals or statin recommendation. One-third of those accessing the screening service had moderate-to-high risk of CHD, a significantly higher proportion of whom were men. It is not known whether these individuals had been previously exposed to HP but presumably by accessing this service they may have contemplated change. As effectiveness of HP advice will depend among other factors on ability to influence change, future consultations may need to explore patients’ attitude towards change in relation to the Trans Theoretical Model4 to better tailor HP advice. The high uptake of the service by those at moderate-to-high CHD risk indicates a need for this type of screening programme in community pharmacy, perhaps specifically to reach men who access medical services less.