Developmental and physical-fitness associations with gross motor coordination problems in peruvian children

he aims of this cross-sectional study were to examine the developmental characteristics (biological maturation and body size) associated with gross motor coordination problems in 5193 Peruvian children (2787 girls) aged 6–14 years from different geographical locations, and to investigate how the probability that children suffer with gross motor coordination problems varies with physical fitness. Children with gross motor coordination problems were more likely to have lower flexibility and explosive strength levels, having adjusted for age, sex, maturation and study site. Older children were more likely to suffer from gross motor coordination problems, as were those with greater body mass index. However, more mature children were less likely to have gross motor coordination problems, although children who live at sea level or at high altitude were more likely to suffer from gross motor coordination problems than children living in the jungle. Our results provide evidence that children and adolescents with lower physical fitness are more likely to have gross motor coordination difficulties. The identification of youths with gross motor coordination problems and providing them with effective intervention programs is an important priority in order to overcome such developmental problems, and help to improve their general health status.

Fator cobertura e manejo da equação universal de perda de solo para soja e trigo em um cambissolo húmico alumínico submetido a diferentes sistemas de manejo.

O fator cobertura e manejo do solo (fator C da Equação Universal de Perda de Solo- EUPS) é um dos mais importantes na redução das perdas de solo por erosão hídrica. Com objetivo de avaliar as razões de perda de solo (RPS) e o fator C, conduziu-se um experimento sob chuva natural em um Cambissolo Húmico alumínico léptico, com declividade média de 0,102 m m-1, em Lages, SC, no período de novembro de 2002 a outubro de 2005, compreendendo seis ciclos culturais. Os parâmetros foram avaliados em cinco estádios, com base na cobertura do solo pelo dossel das plantas. Foram estudados três sistemas de manejo do solo: aração + duas gradagens (PC), escarificação + uma gradagem (CM) e semeadura direta (SD), submetidos a sucessão soja (Glycine max) e trigo (Triticum aestivum L.), além de um tratamento adicional, com aração + duas gradagens sem culturas (SC). As RPS e os fatores C, variaram quanto aos ciclos, estádios das culturas e sistemas de manejo do solo. A SD reduziu as RPS, em 85% e 48% em relação ao PC e CM, respectivamente, durante os cultivos de soja e em 60% e 55% nos cultivos de trigo. Na média dos três anos de estudo, os valores do fator C, foram de 0,073 (PC), 0,016 (CM) e 0,007 (SD) Mg ha Mg-1 ha-1 durante os cultivos de soja e 0,126 (PC), 0,083 (CM) e 0,035 (SD) Mg ha Mg-1 ha-1 durante os cultivos de trigo. Para a sucessão de culturas soja-trigo, os valores do fator C foram de 0,198, 0,099 e 0,042 Mg ha Mg-1 ha-1, para PC, CM e SD, respectivamente.

Vulnerabilidade de sub-bacias hidrográficas por meio da equação universal de perda de solo e da integração de parâmetros morfométricos, topográficos, hidrológicos e de uso/cobertura da terra no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

Sub-bacias delimitadas para o estado do Rio de Janeiro foram parametrizadas por meio de duas metodologias que indicam vulnerabilidade, a equação universal de perda de solo que estima a perda de solo em toneladas por hectare/ano; e a integração temática de parâmetros morfométricos, topográficos, hidrológicos e de uso/cobertura da terra, que resulta em um índice de vulnerabilidade adimensional. Os parâmetros de cada método e os resultados foram analisados e comparados para verificação do grau de associação entre as metodologias, concluindo-se que os métodos são complementares para indicar vulnerabilidade de sub-bacia.

Gross and Microscopic Morphological Anatomical Study of the Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) and the Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), Aimed at the Preparation of a Comparative Anatomical Atlas of the Different Systems

In recent years, there has been an exponential increase in the so-called “new pets”, including the domestic guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) and the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), two closely related Caviid rodents native to South America. Both historically bred for food purposes, they have more recently become increasingly popular as pets in the European and American continents, respectively. This led to an increasing veterinary interest in deepening the knowledge regarding their normal anatomy, as a basic contribution to other fields of veterinary medicine, including diagnostic imaging, surgery, and pathological anatomy. Being part of a bilateral framework co-tutelage agreement leading to a joint Doctoral Degree between the Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, Italy and the Universidad Nacional del Litoral of Santa Fe, Argentina, this research project was partly carried out in Italy (study of guinea pigs) and partly in Argentina (study of capybaras). It consisted in the macroscopic study, through anatomical dissections of carcasses of both species as well as the use of anatomical casts, and in the histological study of the various systems in the two species, and was aimed at creating a gross and microscopic comparative anatomical atlas. From the gross and microscopic morphological and morphometrical anatomical study of the different system of the guinea pig and capybara, several analogies and differences emerged. The creation of a comparative anatomical atlas of gross and microscopic anatomy of the capybara and the guinea pig might prove useful for clinical, zootechnical and research purposes.

Micromorphology Of The Dental Pulp Is Highly Preserved In Cancer Patients Who Underwent Head And Neck Radiotherapy.

Teeth are often included in the radiation field during head and neck radiotherapy, and recent clinical evidence suggests that dental pulp is negatively affected by the direct effects of radiation, leading to impaired sensitivity of the dental pulp. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the direct effects of radiation on the microvasculature, innervation, and extracellular matrix of the dental pulp of patients who have undergone head and neck radiotherapy. Twenty-three samples of dental pulp from patients who finished head and neck radiotherapy were analyzed. Samples were histologically processed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin for morphologic evaluation of the microvasculature, innervation, and extracellular matrix. Subsequently, immunohistochemical analysis of proteins related to vascularization (CD34 and smooth muscle actin), innervation (S-100, NCAM/CD56, and neurofilament), and extracellular matrix (vimentin) of the dental pulp was performed. The morphologic study identified preservation of the microvasculature, nerve bundles, and components of the extracellular matrix in all studied samples. The immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the morphologic findings and showed a normal pattern of expression for the studied proteins in all samples. Direct effects of radiotherapy are not able to generate morphologic changes in the microvasculature, innervation, and extracellular matrix components of the dental pulp in head and neck cancer patients.

Twin-twin Transfusion Syndrome: Neurodevelopmental Screening Test.

Objective To assess the neurodevelopmental functions (cognition, language and motor function) of survivors of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Method Observational cross-sectional study of a total of 67 monochorionic diamniotic twins who underwent fetoscopic laser coagulation (FLC) for treatment of TTTS. The study was conducted at the Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Ages ranged from one month and four days to two years four months. Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Screening Test-III, were used for evaluation. Results Most children reached the competent category and were classified as having appropriate performance. The preterm children scored worse than term infants for gross motor subtest (p = 0.036). Conclusion The majority of children reached the expected development according to their age. Despite the good neurodevelopment, children classified at risk should be monitored for development throughout childhood.

Modelagem matemática e simulação numérica do resfriamento rápido de morango com ar forçado

This work approaches the forced air cooling of strawberry by numerical simulation. The mathematical model that was used describes the process of heat transfer, based on the Fourier's law, in spherical coordinates and simplified to describe the one-dimensional process. For the resolution of the equation expressed for the mathematical model, an algorithm was developed based on the explicit scheme of the numerical method of the finite differences and implemented in the scientific computation program MATLAB 6.1. The validation of the mathematical model was made by the comparison between theoretical and experimental data, where strawberries had been cooled with forced air. The results showed to be possible the determination of the convective heat transfer coefficient by fitting the numerical and experimental data. The methodology of the numerical simulations was showed like a promising tool in the support of the decision to use or to develop equipment in the area of cooling process with forced air of spherical fruits.

Calibração da Reflectometria no Domínio do Tempo (TDR) para a estimativa da concentração da solução no solo

Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is a reliable method for in-situ measurements of the humidity and the solution concentration at the same soil volume. Accurate interpretation of electrical conductivity (and soil humidity) measurements may require a specific calibration curve. The primary goal of this work was to establish a calibration procedure for using TDR to estimate potassium nitrate concentrations (KNO3) in soil solution. An equation relating the electrical conductivity measured by TDR and KNO3 concentration was established enabling the use of TDR technique to estimate soil water content and nitrate concentration for efficient fertigation management.

PREDIÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE DE ÁGUA E RELAÇÃO ENTRE A ATIVIDADE DE ÁGUA E A DEPRESSÃO DO PONTO DE CONGELAMENTO DE SUCOS DE FRUTAS

This work proposes to determine the water activity and the freezing point depression of tangerine, pineapple and lemon juices at various concentrations (10-55oBrix) and to achieve a correlation between these properties. The freezing point depression was determined with a LAKTRON cryoscope and common laboratory materials. The water activity was determined with a DECAGON CX-2 hygrometer in the temperature range of 15 to 30oC. With the results, the adjustment to CHEN (1987) water activity prediction equation to non-electrolyte mixtures was verified, through the calculation of the variation coefficient (CV). Being CV smaller than 3% for the proposed model, it can be said that the experimental data have adjusted well to the prediction equation. The water activity and the freezing point depression was correlated for tangerine, pineapple and lemon juices and r2 values were higher than 99%. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the water activity by knowing the freezing point depression of studied juices.

Assessment of ocular surface toxicity after topical instillation of nitric oxide donors

PURPOSE: To evaluate the ocular surface toxicity of two nitric oxide donors in ex vivo and in vivo animal models: S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine (SNAC) in a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) matrix at final concentrations 1.0 and 10.0 mM. METHODS: Ex vivo GSNO and SNAC toxicities were clinically and histologically analyzed using freshly excised pig eyeballs. In vivo experiments were performed with 20 albino rabbits which were randomized into 4 groups (5 animals each): Groups 1 and 2 received instillations of 150 µL of aqueous HPMC solution containing GSNO 1.0 and 10.0 mM, respectively, in one of the eyes; Groups 3 and 4 received instillations of 150 µL of aqueous HPMC solution-containing SNAC 1.0 and 10.0 mM, respectively, in one of the eyes. The contralateral eyes in each group received aqueous HPMC as a control. All animals underwent clinical evaluation on a slit lamp and the eyes were scored according to a modified Draize eye test and were histologically analyzed. RESULTS: Pig eyeballs showed no signs of perforation, erosion, corneal opacity or other gross damage. These findings were confirmed by histological analysis. There was no difference between control and treated rabbit eyes according to the Draize eye test score in all groups (p>0.05). All formulations showed a mean score under 1 and were classified as non-irritating. There was no evidence of tissue toxicity in the histological analysis in all animals. CONCLUSION: Aqueous HPMC solutions containing GSNO and SNAC at concentrations up to 10.0 mM do not induce ocular irritation.

Candidíase sistêmica com localização encefálica: estudo anátomo-clínico de cinco casos

Central nervous system involvement in Candida septicaemia is rare and not more than four cases have been published in Brazil. Five new cases of systemic candidiasis with cerebral lesions are reported. All patients (four adults and a child) had serious underlying diseases and were submitted to heavy long-term antibiotic therapy with multiple drugs. Seizures in one case and neck stiffness in another were the only neurologic signs that could be attributed to candidiasis. In no case were the lesions severe enough to be considered an immediate cause of death. In three patients, no macroscopic changes were evident in the brain, but microabscesses and granulomata were observed on microscopical examination; another patient had two gross areas with necrotic and haemorrhagic appearance in the cerebral hemispheres; the child had only two microscopic granulomata. The aetiological agent was demonstrated by Grocott's methenamine silver technique in all cases. Involvement of organs other than the central nervous system could be demonstrated in three autopsies. Discussion is confined mainly to such aspects as the contributory factors in the pathogenesis of systemic candidiasis as well as the marked rise in the incidence of this condition in the past few decades. It is suggested that the frequence of monilial septicaemia in Brazil may be far more serious than apparent from the scarcity of reported cases.

Efeitos do treinamento com pesos sobre a densidade mineral ossea, força muscular e variaveis funcionais na menopausa

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Estudo da correlação entre coordenação motora e habilidades motoras de pessoas com sindrome de down

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Basquetebol chileno : perspectivas e desenvolvimento

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

Modelo para análise do ataque no futebol = : A model to analyze soccer offensive phase

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física