862 resultados para Goal-directed navigation


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The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical and radiographic results after TKA (PFC, DePuy), performed either by computer assisted navigation (CAS, Brainlab, Johnson&Johnson) or by conventional means. Material and methods: Between May and December 2006 we reviewed 36 conventional TKA performed between 2002 and 2003 (group A) and 37 navigated TKA performed between 2005 and 2006 (group B) by the same experienced surgeon. The mean age in group A was 74 years (range 62-90) and 73 (range 58-85) in group B with a similar age distribution. The preoperative mechanical axes in group A ranged from -13° varus to +13° valgus (mean absolute deviation 6.83°, SD 3.86), in group B from -13° to +16° (mean absolute deviation 5.35, SD 4.29). Patients with a previous tibial osteotomy or revision arthroplasty were excluded from the study. Examination was done by an experienced orthopedic resident independent of the surgeon. All patients had pre- and postoperative long standing radiographs. The IKSS and the WOMAC were utilized to determine the clinical outcome. Patient's degree of satisfaction was assessed on a visual analogous scale (VAS). Results: 32 of the 37 navigated TKAs (86,5%) showed a postoperative mechanical axis within the limits of 3 degrees of valgus or varus deviation compared to only 24 (66%) of the 36 standard TKAs. This difference was significant (p = 0.045). The mean absolute deviation from neutral axis was 3.00° (range -5° to +9°, SD: 1.75) in group A in comparison to 1.54° (range -5° to +4°, SD: 1.41) in group B with a highly significant difference (p = 0.000). Furthermore, both groups showed a significant postoperative improvement of their mean IKSS-values (group A: 89 preoperative to 169 postoperative, group B 88 to 176) without a significant difference between the two groups. Neither the WOMAC nor the patient's degree of satisfaction - as assessed by VAS - showed significant differences. Operation time was significantly higher in group B (mean 119.9 min.) than in group A (mean 99.6 min., p <0.000). Conclusion: Our study showed consistent significant improvement of postoperative frontal alignment in TKA by computer assisted navigation (CAS) compared to standard methods, even in the hands of a surgeon well experienced in standard TKA implantation. However, the follow-up time of this study was not long enough to judge differences in clinical outcome. Thus, the relevance of computer navigation for clinical outcome and survival of TKA remains to be proved in long term studies to justify the longer operation time. References 1 Stulberg SD. Clin Orth Rel Res. 2003;(416):177-84. 2 Chauhan SK. JBJS Br. 2004;86(3):372-7. 3 Bäthis H, et al. Orthopäde. 2006;35(10):1056-65.

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The need for better gene transfer systems towards improved risk=benefit balance for patients remains a major challenge in the clinical translation of gene therapy (GT). We have investigated the improvement of integrating vectors safety in combining (i) new short synthetic genetic insulator elements (GIE) and (ii) directing genetic integration to heterochromatin. We have designed SIN-insulated retrovectors with two candidate GIEs and could identify a specific combination of insulator 2 repeats which translates into best functional activity, high titers and boundary effect in both gammaretro (p20) and lentivectors (DCaro4) (see Duros et al, abstract ibid). Since GIEs are believed to shield the transgenic cassette from inhibitory effects and silencing, DCaro4 has been further tested with chimeric HIV-1 derived integrases which comprise C-ter chromodomains targeting heterochromatin through either histone H3 (ML6chimera) or methylatedCpGislands (ML10). With DCaro4 only and both chimeras, a homogeneous expression is evidenced in over 20% of the cells which is sustained over time. With control lentivectors, less than 2% of cells express GFP as compared to background using a control double-mutant in both catalytic and ledgf binding-sites; in addition, a two-times increase of expression can be induced with histone deacetylase inhibitors. Our approach could significantly reduce integration into open chromatin sensitive sites in stem cells at the time of transduction, a feature which might significantly decrease subsequent genotoxicity, according to X-SCIDs patients data.Work performed with the support of EC-DG research within the FP6-Network of Excellence, CLINIGENE: LSHB-CT-2006-018933

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BACKGROUND: Practice guidelines for examining febrile patients presenting upon returning from the tropics were developed to assist primary care physicians in decision making. Because of the low level of evidence available in this field, there was a need to validate them and assess their feasibility in the context they have been designed for. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study were to (1) evaluate physicians' adherence to recommendations; (2) investigate reasons for non-adherence; and (3) ensure good clinical outcome of patients, the ultimate goal being to improve the quality of the guidelines, in particular to tailor them for the needs of the target audience and population. METHODS: Physicians consulting the guidelines on the Internet (www.fevertravel.ch) were invited to participate in the study. Navigation through the decision chart was automatically recorded, including diagnostic tests performed, initial and final diagnoses, and clinical outcomes. The reasons for non-adherence were investigated and qualitative feedback was collected. RESULTS: A total of 539 physician/patient pairs were included in this study. Full adherence to guidelines was observed in 29% of the cases. Figure-specific adherence rate was 54.8%. The main reasons for non-adherence were as follows: no repetition of malaria tests (111/352) and no presumptive antibiotic treatment for febrile diarrhea (64/153) or abdominal pain without leukocytosis (46/101). Overall, 20% of diversions from guidelines were considered reasonable because there was an alternative presumptive diagnosis or the symptoms were mild, which means that the corrected adherence rate per case was 40.6% and corrected adherence per figure was 61.7%. No death was recorded and all complications could be attributed to the underlying illness rather than to adherence to guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: These guidelines proved to be feasible, useful, and leading to good clinical outcomes. Almost one third of physicians strictly adhered to the guidelines. Other physicians used the guidelines not to forget specific diagnoses but finally diverged from the proposed attitudes. These diversions should be scrutinized for further refinement of the guidelines to better fit to physician and patient needs.

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Contient : Rapport, par Nicolas LANGLOIS, de la mission dans les ports de Normandie, 1626-1627, qui lui avait été confiée en vertu de lettres patentes du 29 novembre 1626 ; Sur la création des directeurs de la navigation et commerce de France ; Actes de Louis XIII, concernant le commerce et la navigation, 1627 (f. 29), et 1626 (f. 33) ; « L'utilité de la navigation et commerce qu'on veut ériger en France » ; Traité ou projet de traité entre Louis XIV et Frédéric III, roi de Danemark, en 23 articles ; « Traité de commerce entre la France et le Dannemarck, fait en l'an 1663 », en 45 articles (f. 58), — comprenant un « Roolle ou tariffe du péage de la mer d'Oresunde, qui a esté réglé pour les marchands françois au mois d'aoust 1645 » [cf. ms. français 18592, f. 595] (f. 80)

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Contient : Le récit de cette seconde navigation commence par un discours adressé au roi François Ier ; Après ce discours, le récit s'ouvre (fol. 3) par : « Le dimanche jour et feste de la Pandecoste XVIme jour de may aud. an mil cinq cens trente cinq, du commandement du cappitaine et bon voulloir de tous, chascun se confessa et ressumes tous ensemblement nostre createur en l'eglise cathedral dudict Sainct-Malo... ». Derniers mots : « ... le priant, faisant fin à nostre navigation, nous donner sa grâce et paradis à la fin. Amen »

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Contient : « Table des memoires qui seront contenus en ce recueil » ; « Establissement de la compagnie des Anglois trafiquans ès Indes Orientales et les privileges octroyez à lad. compagnie pour 15 ans par Elizabeth, royne d'Angleterre. A Westmonster, à Londres, l'an 1600, le 31 decembre ». Résumé « extraict des Navigations et voyages des Anglois et autres, recueillis par Purchas et imprimez à Londres l'an 1625 » ; « Privileges octroyez par Michel Federwitz, empereur de Moscovie, à la compagnée des marchans anglois trafiquans en Moscovie. En la ville de Mosco, l'an 1620, le 11 de may ». Résumé « extrait des Navigations de Purchas » ; « Traicté de paix entre Michel Federwitz, empereur de Moscovie, et Gustave Adolphe, roy de Suede. A Stalbo, l'an 1616, le 27 febvrier ». Résumé « extraict des Navigations de Purchas » ; « Des empeschemens et difficultez qui se rencontrent au commerce de France en Moscovie » ; « De la pesche et du commerce des François en l'Amerique, devers la riviere de Canada ou de Sainct Laurent et devers l'isle de Terre Neuve ou Neufondlande, et comme les Anglois les y peuvent empescher. 1611-1621 » ; Blanc ; « Des usurpations des Anglois sur les François en la Nouvelle France, en l'Amerique, depuis l'an 1611 » ; « Don de la Nouvelle Escosse, cy devant comprise soubs le nom de la Nouvelle France, par JACQUES, roy de la Grand Bretagne, à Guillaume Alexandre, seigneur escossois. A Vindesore, l'an 1621, le 10 de septembre ». Acte en latin. Copie ; « Que la Nouvelle France et l'isle de Terre Neuve ont esté descouvertes par les François, dès l'an 1504 ». Extraits de « la Refutation de Pierre Plancius, cosmographe, contre les pretentions des Anglois pour la pesche ès costes de Spitzberg » et du livre Ier de l'Histoire de Bretagne de « Bertrand d'Argentré » ; « Traictez entre les roys de France et d'Angleterre, concernant les pyrateries et de predations sur mer et aussi touchant les lettres de represailles et de marque ; « Traicté entre Louys XII, roy de France, et HENRI VIII, roy d'Angleterre, concernant les pyrateries et depredations sur mer entre leurs subjects, ratifié par ledictroy Henry, à Westmonstier, l'an 1498, le 24 d'aoust ». En latin ; Art. 6, 9, 10, 13, 14 du « traicté de paix et de confederation et alliance entre Charles IX, roy de France, et Elizabeth, royne d'Angleterre, à Troyes, l'an 1564, le 11 d'apvril, ratifié par ladicte Elizabeth à Richemond, audict an, le 27 dudict mois ». En latin ; « Traicté entre Henry le Grand, roy de France, et Elizabeth, royne d'Angleterre, concernant les pyrateries et depredations sur mer, l'an 1600, extraict de l'Histoire de ladicte royne Elizabeth de Guillaume Camden, imprimée à Leyden, l'an 1625, p. 766-767 » ; « Extraict du traicté d'alliance et confederation entre Louys XIII, roy de France, et Jacques, roy de la Grande Bretagne, ratifié par le roy Louys XIII, à Paris, l'an 1610, le 14 de septembre » ; « Compagnées en Angleterre, Holande, Espagne et autres royaumes pour le trafic et commerce en divers pays » ; « Establissement es Provinces Unies des Pays-Bas d'une compagnée pour le trafic ès Indes Orientales, l'an 1602 »

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Référence bibliographique : Rol, 60692