El aula abierta en espacios naturales: Una experiencia en el Bosque Ramón Álvarez

Recibido 07 de noviembre de 2010 • Aceptado 09 de marzo de 2011 • Corregido 04 de mayo de 2011      El artículo presenta la experiencia de acercar los espacios naturales a la realidad educativa, como una estrategia para la formación de valores en educación ambiental y conservación. La misma constituye una experiencia de aula abierta en espacios naturales, ejecutada en el Bosque Ramón Álvarez y desarrollada por docentes universitarios y estudiantes de la Sede Guanacaste, de la Universidad de Costa Rica. En dicha experiencia, se han integrado docentes, niños y niñas de instituciones educativas de la región.

La importancia de la educación ambiental ante la problemática actual

The dominant development system with its neoliberal policies and market-centered approaches contribute to aggravate the socio-environmental problems, under the context of the globalization of the market. For that reason, the concern about the sustainable development of the environment makes highly necessary the structuring of an environmental education that forms and informs about this problem. As a result, environmental education constitutes the educational process that deals with the relation between the human being and his/her environment (natural and man-made) and with itself, as well as the effects caused by this relation. In this way, environmental education must constitute an integral process, which plays its role throughout the whole teaching and learning intertwinement. For this reason it is necessary to establish an educational process that examines the relation of any topic or human being activity, within an analysis of the importance or incidence on social life, as it is the pedagogical part and its political essence.

La educación ambiental como una filosofía de vida

Recibido 08 de junio de 2011 • Aceptado 26 de agosto de 2011 • Corregido 10 de setiembre de 2011     Resumen. La educación ambiental (E. A.) resulta de gran importancia en la conservación del medio ambiente al transmitir valores acordes al desarrollo sustentable. Sin embargo, ante el actual paradigma ambiental cabe preguntar: ¿es necesario abordar la E. A. desde una perspectiva más amplia o nuestra visión de ella es reduccionista? La relación de las personas con el medio ambiente necesita adecuarse a la problemática. Esto implica que los esfuerzos y principios de la E. A. deberían adoptarse a nuestra vida cotidiana y aplicarse en esta, haciendo de ella una filosofía de vida, derivada del fuero interno de cada persona, meditada y basada en principios éticos. De esa manera podrían lograrse acciones y actitudes más responsables y comprometidas, que nos beneficien con su cuidado. Un aporte quizá pequeño pero continuo.

EL PAPEL DE LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN DEL RECURSO HÍDRICO

Esta ponencia pretende demostrar la importancia que tiene la educación ambiental en la crisis ambiental que en las últimas décadas ha impactado los modelos de crecimiento y desarrollo de las llamadas sociedades avanzadas. Resalta la importancia de la educación ambiental que tiende a fomentar el cambio social a partir del desarrollo de valores, actitudes y habilidades para asumir una responsabilidad ambiental en la formación de hábitos de preservación de la naturaleza, y así trabajar desde la comprensión de las acciones cotidianas en el despertar de una conciencia que aporte al bien común. Este tema se aborda desde la experiencia particular del Proyecto Saber Ambiental, donde se demuestra que es posible la construcción de un pensamiento crítico trabajado en forma nierdisciplinaria, el cual favorece el intercambio y la revalorización de los saberes, promocionando un protagonismo creativo de las comunidades en la gestión ambiental participativa.Abstract: This presentation intends to show the importance of the environmental education inside the environmental crisis that in the last decades has impacted the modeis of growth and development of the calls companies advanced. Standing out the importance of the environmental educaion tending toward promoting the social change from the development of values, atiudes and abilities to assume an environmental responsibility in the preservation habits formation of the Nature, and thus to work since the comprehension of the routine actions in the to awake of a conscience that contribute al well common. This theme is undertaken since the private experience of dic Project to Know Environmental where is shown that is possible the construction of a critical thought worked in form interdisciplinaria which favors the exchange and the revaluation of the saberes promoting a creative prominence of the communities in dic panicipatory environmental management.

APUNTES PARA UN ESTUDIO DE IMPACTO DEL TURISMO EN EL AMBIENTE: EL CASO DE MONTEZUMA, PUNTARENAS

Este artículo desarrolla el diagnostico de los impactos del turismo en el ambiente, en Montezuma, Puntarenas. Se evaluó los efectos de la actividad turísticas en los recursos hídricos, fauna, vegetación y tenencia de la tierra, encontrando que el desarrollo de la actividad, en Montezuma, ha sido sin ninguna planificación y ha venido a alterar la cotidianidad de este pueblo. Aunque se han presentado algunos efectos positivos como son el nacimiento  de una conciencia ambiental entre los diversos grupos de la comunidad, se han desarrollado varios problemas ambientales que están íntimamente ligados a la falta de planificación.Este problema es la alta contaminación del agua, porque no existen sistemas de tratamiento de la misma, además que los antes responsables no supervisan el tratamiento de las aguas tanto potables como servidas en las instalaciones turísticas, las cuales aumentaron aceleradamente durante los últimos cinco años. Por otro lado, se han presentado cambios en el paisaje, han introducido especies exóticas que alteran las condiciones naturales del medio. En cuanto a la tenencia de la tierra en la zona marítima terrestre, ésta se encuentra bajo el dominio de los extranjeros, los costarricenses tienen más números de concesiones pero los extranjeros tienen más superficie (69%). Todos los efectos negativos de turismo en Montezuma, se relaciona con la falta de planificación, por lo que resulta urgente realizar una estrategia de turismo sustentable para el área.ABSTRACTS This article diagnosed the tourism impacts on the environment, in Montezuma, Puntarenas. It e evaluated the effects of tourism in water, wildlife, vegetation and land tenure. It found that tourism in Montezuma have been without planning and it altered the routine life of this town, Even there have been some positive effects like increasing of environmental education, there have been several problems that are very related to the planning lack. Those problems are high water pollution because there is not any system to treat water and also none monitored the water treatment in the hotels, even those increased very fast during the last five years. Changing in the landscape are provoking to loose species even plants or animal, due they have used exotic species in the new hotel. The land tenure in the marine terrestrial zone is controled by foreigners, Costa Ricans have more numbers of concessions but foreigners have more surface (More 69%). Because, all the negative effects of tourism in Montezuma, are related to lack of planning, it is urgent to carry out a management plan for a sustainable tourism in this place.

Algorithmique et complexité des systèmes à compteurs

Réalisé en cotutelle avec l'École normale supérieure de Cachan – Université Paris-Saclay

Pecados y virtudes de las ciencias sociales: Una contribución al debate

Hace un breve recuento de las Ciencias Sociales en América Latina, situando sus principales momentos. Enfoca la crisis de las Ciencias Sociales como una crisis paradigmática del marxismo y resalta la necesidad de repensar el papel de las Ciencias Sociales ante un actual escenario signado por la complejidad y la incertidumbre. Plantea algunas posibilidades que se abren como virtudes en las Ciencias Sociales: la interdisciplinariedad, un nuevo perfil profesional, la transformación social, el conocimiento de la realidad como instrumento de lucha, el develamiento de la realidad y la capacidad prepositiva. Abstract The article does a brief review of the Social Sciences in Latin America stating its main moments. Addresses the Social Sciences crisis as a paradigmatical crisis of Marxism and emphasizes the need to re-think the role of the Social Sciences in the current world situation marked by complexity as well as uncertainty. The article also proposes certain posibilities that are presented as virtues of the Social Sciences: the interdisciplinary approach, the new professional profile, the social trasnformation, the knowledge of the reality as a tool for struggle and the unveiling of the reality and the prepositive capacity.

Algorithmique et complexité des systèmes à compteurs

Réalisé en cotutelle avec l'École normale supérieure de Cachan – Université Paris-Saclay

Non-formal education for schistosomiasis prevention: the experience of the Museu Arqueológico de Central, Bahia, Brazil

The activities described here form part of an extensive programme in place in the Região Arqueológica de Central, state of Bahia, Brazil. After malacological and socio-environmental surveys in the area, a strategy comprising formal and non-formal education with an emphasis on schistosomiasis prevention was developed, introduced, and evaluated. Interviews were conducted of 142 students and 11 teachers, totalling 11 classes at six primary schools. On the basis of those interviews, four display cases and seven panels were prepared. In addition a table was set up where students could participate directly on the subject, drawing and recognising the factors involved in the schistosomiasis cycle. The exhibition was held at the Museu Arqueológico de Central. The endeavours of this paper underline the importance of health education as well as exhibitions to disease prevention activities.

Some of the challenges and experiences of formal education in a Mobile-Centric Society (MCS) = Algunos retos y experiencias de la educación formal en la Sociedad Móvil-Céntrica (SMC)

The aim of the paper is to describe some of the challenges faced by schools, or by formal education in general, as a consequence of today"s mobilecentric society (henceforth MCS), the term we will use to denote the new, networked learning ecology that has arisen from the massive penetration of digital media in everyday life. After revisiting some of the ideas of McLuhan and Vygotsky in the light of this new technological scenario, we describe five traits of the MCS and the challenges illustrated through educational practices that we believe schools will face if they wish to preserve their function of individualization and socialization. We believe that despite the emergence of the MCS, the main function of the school is still to provide the"box of tools" (a set of psychological instruments, such as reading, writing, mathematical notation, digital literacy, etc.) that enables people to develop their learning skills and life projects and to become part of communities and groups. However, the complexity and mobility of the new learning environments means that the position held by schools needs to be reevaluated in the face of the informal learning paths and experiences both online and offline to which learners now have access. We also need to reevaluate the meaning of the school itself as an institution and the model of learner it should be training

Innovation in a Non-Formal Adult Education Organisation – Multi-Case Study in Four Adult Education Centres

More than ever, education organisations are experiencing the need to develop new services and processes to satisfy expanding and changing customer needs and to adapt to the environmental changes and continually tightening economic situation. Innovation has been found in many studies to have a crucial role in the success of an organisation, both in the private and public sectors, in formal education and in manufacturing and services alike. However, studies concerning innovation in non-formal adult education organisations, such as adult education centres (AECs) in Finland, are still lacking. This study investigates innovation in the non-formal adult education organisation context from the perspective of organisational culture types and social networks. The objective is to determine the significant characteristics of an innovative non-formal adult education organisation. The analysis is based on data from interviews with the principals and fulltime staff of four case AECs. Before the case study, a pre-study phase is accomplished in order to obtain a preliminary understanding of innovation at AECs. The research found strong support for the need of innovation in AECs. Innovation is basically needed to accomplish the AEC system’s primary mission mentioned in the ACT on Liberal Adult Education. In addition, innovation is regarded vital to institutes and may prevent their decline. It helps the institutes to be more attractive, to enter new market, to increase customer satisfaction and to be on the cutting edge. Innovation is also seen as a solution to the shortage of resources. Innovative AECs search actively for additional resources for development work through project funding and subsidies, cooperation networks and creating a conversational and joyful atmosphere in the institute. The findings also suggest that the culture type that supports innovation at AECs is multidimensional, with an emphasis on the clan and adhocratic culture types and such values as: dynamism, future orientation, acquiring new resources, mistake tolerance, openness, flexibility, customer orientation, a risk-taking attitude, and community spirit. Active and creative internal and external cooperation also promote innovation at AECs. This study also suggests that the behaviour of a principal is crucial. The way he or she shows appreciation the staff, encouragement and support to the staff and his or her approachability and concrete participation in innovation activities have a strong effect on innovation attitudes and activities in AECs.

International evaluation of current and future requirements for environmental engineering education

The field of environmental engineering is developing as a result of changing environmental requirements. In response, environmental engineering education (E3) needs to ensure that it provides students with the necessary tools to address these challenges. In this paper the current status and future development of E3 is evaluated based on a questionnaire sent to universities and potential employers of E3 graduates. With increasing demands on environmental quality, the complexity of environmental engineering problems to be solved can be expected to increase. To find solutions environmental engineers will need to work in interdisciplinary teams. Based on the questionnaire there was a broad agreement that the best way to prepare students for these future challenges is to provide them with a fundamental education in basic sciences and related engineering fields. Many exciting developments in the environmental engineering profession will be located at the interface between engineering, science, and society. Aspects of all three areas need to be included in E3 and the student needs to be exposed to the tensions associated with linking the three.

Pedagogia do esporte : organização, sistematização, aplicação e avaliação de conteúdos esportivos na educação não formal = Sport pedagogy : organization, systematization and application of sports content in non-formal education

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Trajetórias de vida : lembranças, caminhos e constituições dos saberes docentes de professores de Educação Física = Paths and trajectories of life : memories, paths and establishment of teaching knowledge of Physical Education Professors

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física