Federalismo e gestão metropolitana: subsídios para o planejamento territorial dos serviços de saúde.

Esta tese analisou o planejamento, a gestão e a configuração do sistema de saúde na região metropolitana do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Tem com base o referencial teórico do federalismo e apoiou-se em pesquisa qualitativa de caráter descritivo. A pesquisa versou sobre aspectos político-institucionais; normativos, organizacionais; práticos e estruturais da rede de serviços de saúde na região. A análise empreendida aponta as características do modelo tridimensional do federalismo brasileiro a Constituição Federal de 1988 transfere o poder de instituir regiões metropolitanas aos estados, mas na prática, anula a capacidade de intervenção nos municípios e reduz o papel político e administrativo dos estados. Entre os desafios apontados pela tese estão: o comportamento autárquico dos municípios; a disparidade existente entre eles; o enfraquecimento do papel de coordenação do governo estadual; a descontinuidade e pouca integração entre políticas públicas para as regiões metropolitanas; a falta de experiência em planejamento regional e intersetorial; a necessidade de institucionalizar um órgão metropolitano que, entre outras funções, estabeleça fundos financeiros, com definição de fontes de receitas e critérios de alocação de recursos regionais. Quanto à política de regionalização da saúde análise da capacidade instalada dos municípios na integração de serviços de saúde regionais , a tese destaca as fragilidades e desigualdades na distribuição da oferta de serviços; a relação concorrencial entre os municípios para incorporar maior força produtiva qualificada, a oferta de serviços especializados, o adensamento e a concentração de serviços e profissionais de saúde no núcleo metropolitano (a cidade do Rio de Janeiro). O trabalho destaca o potencial de atuação do novo pacto de gestão, representado pelo Contrato Organizativo de Ação Pública em Saúde (COAP) e dos Mapas de Saúde como instrumentos político-institucionais na regulação regional e metropolitana da saúde. Apesar disso, sinaliza que avanços na governança regional serão possíveis com a institucionalização de um órgão que tenha autonomia para tomada de decisões regionais. O estudo reforça a importância da revalorização da gestão das regiões metropolitanas e o potencial de conectividade entre as políticas públicas urbanas através da organização de redes de serviços públicos na agenda política em detrimento das práticas municipalistas.

MIMO system capacity improvements using radio-over-fibre distributed antenna system technology

The effect of antenna separation in a 3×3 MIMO system using RoF DAS technology is investigated. Larger antenna separation is found to improve the throughput due to reduced channel correlation and improved SNR. © 2011 Optical Society of America.

The Southeast Bering Sea Ecosystem: implications for marine resource management (Final Report: Southeast Bering Sea Carrying Capacity).

Southeast Bering Sea Carrying Capacity (SEBSCC, 1996–2002) was a NOAA Coastal Ocean Program project that investigated the marine ecosystem of the southeastern Bering Sea. SEBSCC was co-managed by the University of Alaska Fairbanks, NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, and NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. Project goals were to understand the changing physical environment and its relationship to the biota of the region, to relate that understanding to natural variations in year-class strength of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma), and to improve the flow of ecosystem information to fishery managers. In addition to SEBSCC, the Inner Front study (1997–2000), supported by the National Science Foundation (Prolonged Production and Trophic Transfer to Predators: Processes at the Inner Front of the S.E. Bering Sea), was active in the southeastern Bering Sea from 1997 to 1999. The SEBSCC and Inner Front studies were complementary. SEBSCC focused on the middle and outer shelf. Inner Front worked the middle and inner shelf. Collaboration between investigators in the two programs was strong, and the joint results yielded a substantially increased understanding of the regional ecosystem. SEBSCC focused on four central scientific issues: (1) How does climate variability influence the marine ecosystem of the Bering Sea? (2) What determines the timing, amount, and fate of primary and secondary production? (3) How do oceanographic conditions on the shelf influence distributions of fish and other species? (4) What limits the growth of fish populations on the eastern Bering Sea shelf? Underlying these broad questions was a narrower focus on walleye pollock, particularly a desire to understand ecological factors that affect year-class strength and the ability to predict the potential of a year class at the earliest possible time. The Inner Front program focused on the role of the structural front between the well-mixed waters of the coastal domain and the two-layer system of the middle domain. Of special interest was the potential for prolonged post-spring-bloom production at the front and its role in supporting upper trophic level organisms such as juvenile pollock and seabirds. Of concern to both programs was the role of interannual and longer-term variability in marine climates and their effects on the function of sub-arctic marine ecosystems and their ability to support upper trophic level organisms.

Development, validation, and utilization of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies against Brucella species in marine mammals

A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was developed by using a whole-cell antigen from a marine Brucella sp. isolated from a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). The assay was designed to screen sera from multiple marine mammal species for the presence of antibodies against marine-origin Brucella. Based on comparisons with culture-confirmed cases, specificity and sensitivity for cetacean samples tested were 73% and 100%, respectively. For pinniped samples, specificity and sensitivity values were 77% and 67%, respectively. Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi; n = 28) and bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus; n = 48) serum samples were tested, and the results were compared with several other assays designed to detect Brucella abortus antibodies. The comparison testing revealed the marine-origin cELISA to be more sensitive than the B. abortus tests by the detection of additional positive serum samples. The newly developed cELISA is an effective serologic method for detection of the presence of antibodies against marine-origin Brucella sp. in marine mammals.