Resolu����o de problemas no ensino da matem��tica: uma experi��ncia com base no rali matem��tico

Since the 1980s, problem solving has been recommended by international curriculum proposals for the teaching of mathematics. In Brazil, with the publication of the National Curriculum Guidelines in 1997, this trend was reinforced and became the central activity of the classroom. Troubleshooting is seen as an asset in the learning process of the student, providing a context for learning concepts, mathematical methods and attitudes. However, this methodological approach requires deeper research, especially for new teaches. This work aims at a further study in this subject and in the experiences with problem solving in the classroom of High School students. The ground basis for this was the Mathematical Transalpine Rally, a competition between classrooms that seeks to facilitate the problem solving within mathematics teaching, and through an autonomous and creative work, performed collectively. The results of this experience, as well as the contribuition for the student���s education are presented

Um estudo sobre as intera����es discursivas numa aula experimental de F��sica

This is a study on importance the discourse of the teacher associated with social interactions triggered in classroom from of an experimental activity. We will analyzed a trial class in which a physics teacher of a public school Guaratinguet�� city interacted with their student, seeking to categorize certain movements of the teacher's speech and identify the moments when this could establish the definition of the situation, mediation semiotic and intersubjectivity

As poss��veis rela����es entre moralidade e perd��o em crian��as do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental

This research aims to show how children can learn the meaning of forgiveness in order to build their autonomy and moral . Research is essential to support teachers to work morale within the classroom with their students , so that conflicts a re minimized or even eliminated . Through Piagetian clinical method was observed and interviewed students from the first year of elementary school , trying to identify those who can take a perspective other than you r own . All this in order to inve stigate the possibility of these becoming autonomous and can measure th e consequences of their actions . To develop the moral and intellectual autonomy of the students , Piaget (1994 ) shows the importance of children to act properly by choice , not by pres sure punishments or rewards , and that they have the correct answers , not because someone showed you , but because found . Through research , we found that students are able to forgive, but often requiring that the colleague is also punished in some way. Fo r in fact the children act autonomously it is necessary that the school provides situations where they can experience the cooperation , reciprocity, mutual respect , and thus gradually build their autonomy

Matem��tica e Arte: interdisciplinaridade

The objective of this study is to perform a theoretical study of the possible relationship between mathematics and art. For some people, the association between these fields of knowledge may simply seem absurd, possibly because they do not know what is in common between an area considered rigorous, rational, objective, and a more emotional, intuitive, subjective. In this context, interdisciplinarity has an important role, in proposing the contextual integration between the subject content, such as projective geometry and the renaissance. Are also presented as examples of this union, the technique of Moses and the geometric patterns of indigenous crafts, as well as the work of artist Maurits Cornelis Escher, a legitimate representative of the relationship between art and mathematics

Estudo de sistemas com din��mica pouco suave: brinquedos envolvendo este tipo de modelo

This work aims to study the movement periodically interrupted realized by four handmade toys. Such movement can be studied by nonlinear dynamics, but this topic is not covered in the general undergraduate courses in Physics. The study presented aim to observe, search, identify and measure physical quantities characteristic of toys according to the information provided by the dynamic, in this case, the formalism of moment of forces and energy. It also allows an approach to non-formal education in physics, since the measures and instruments differ from formal laboratory approach. These toys are unknown examples of simple machines studied in Mechanics and allow to illustrate passive walkers in Robotics

A utiliza����o de s��lidos geom��tricos com alunos do ensino fundamental

This research analyzed if the interactions between teacher and student, and among students, with the use of manipulative materials in the Mathematics teaching in a middle school class and provided the comprehension of the subjects worked. The analysis of the results was based in Vygotsky���s socio-historical theory, that prioritizes the interactions in learning-teaching process. The results of this research showed that these interactions mediated by the use of such materials provide the student with the motivation needed to take part in the math classes as an active actor in his development process, as well as understanding the concepts

A no����o de campo el��trico: reflex��es de uma futura professora sobre o processo de ensino

This work offers an overview about didactic reflections in the introduction of the electrical field concept in Physics Teaching activities aimed to the High School by means of a teaching methodology based in a low cost experiment (FERREIRA E RAMOS, 2008). We analyzed the particular use of an experiment named electrostatic vector and its use in the teaching of the line force ideas, proposed by Faraday in 19th century. In the frame of this work we analyzed how this unconventional approach differs of the methodology generally presented in the didactic textbooks. We discussed that the use of low cost experiments, will not cause the student to learn, but the work of the teacher, offering an interaction between the student and the electrostatic vector, play an important role in the classroom

Reflex��es sobre o ensino de portugu��s para estrangeiros e sobre o ensino de portugu��s para falantes de l��ngua materna

Le pr��sent travail intitul�� �� R��flexions sur l���enseignement de la langue portugaise aux ��trangers et sur l���enseignement de la langue portugaise aux natifs ��, a eu pour objectif d���enqu��ter sur les consensus et les d��sacords dans l���enseignement de la langue portugaise aux differents interlocuteurs. Des lectures pr��alables sur des textes de difusion scientifique qui ont pour but de divulguer des exp��riences sur l���enseignement du portugais aux ��tangers ont r��v��l�� l���importance atribu��e �� la connaisance de la culture quand il s���agit d���enseigner une langue donn��e �� de tels interlocuteurs. La connaissance de la culture est tr��s importante dans ce cas de figure car il s���agit d���une conception plus ample : celle de l���interculturalisme. C���est pourquoi, nous faisons des lectures pr��alables dont la m��thodologie propos��e pour l���enseignement de la langue portugaise aux ��trangers s���organise d���une telle fa��on que l���interlocuteur se trouve immerg�� dans la culture locale. N��anmoins, quand il s���agit de r��fl��chir �� l���enseignement de la langue portugaise d��di�� aux natifs et bas�� sur les propositions curriculaires de la langue portugaise au coll��ge et au lyc��e, dat��s de 1993 e 1998, qui constituent des textes de vulgarisation scientifique, on peut constater la pr��occupation �� r��fl��chir sur les conceptions de langage, langue, discours, texte et grammaire, des connaissances consid��r��es comme importantes �� la proposition de methodologies de l���enseignement de la langue portugaise dans le contexte tr��s formel de l���enseignement scolaire. Le principal objectif de ce travail a consist�� �� analyser l���importance de la culture dans l���enseignement de la langue portugaise aux ��trangers et natifs, le rapport entre culture, language, langue, discours, texte et grammaire dans l���enseignement du portugais aux ��trangers et du portugais aux natifs, ainsi qu����� identifier le poids ...

Experimenta����o e educa����o ambiental: contribui����es metodol��gicas

During the last centuries, the human being have been considered the center of the universe. The man believed that nature was at his disposal. Appropriated their processes, their cycles changed, redefined their spaces. Today, when faced with an environmental crisis which threatens the planet life, including the human life, the Science Education can contribute to a reconstruction of man-nature relationship in other terms. The transformation of teaching practices in the school environment, to be reflective, it is still a process that challenges the vast majority of teachers. As has been indicated by Guerra (2004), among others, the traditional teaching of content delivery is still very strong and certainly more deeply embedded in ideas and activities of the teachers who focus on environmental education. With it, a theory and pedagogical discourses in critical-reflexive actions is still a major obstacle. Therefore, new proposals for education and continuing education activities need to be formulated and presented based on the characteristics and needs breathing. Therefore propose changes in the way of teaching, where there is more room for a theory and praxis alone or with a only scientific truth. The scenery of society requires that knowledge is constructed to interconnect all disciplines, joining theory and practice so we can understand the whole and their relations in an integrated manner. It was proposed here a way to build a school and applying theoretical and practical activities involving experimental and seeking to meet the principles of Environmental Education for the training of citizens aware and critical. At the same time cares to use textbooks very rich in its pedagogical character that are present in schools and often are, forgotten and unused by teachers. From this way, I chose to Experimentoteca, ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

A utiliza����o de jogos l��dico-did��ticos no ensino de l��ngua inglesa

Nowadays the accelerated development arising from globalization and the interrelation of the nations, the great increase in communication between different countries and the necessity for knowledge in different linguistic structures, the interest in learning a foreign language is crescent, and thinking about it, this work has the scope to verify how young and adult learners of a foreign language, in this case English, behave, that is, how best to develop the four language skills of the language: listening, writing, speaking, and reading and how the use of recreational and educational games can help this dichotomy between teaching-learning. The present research, theoretical and analytical basis, aims to make a study on how fun games can influence the teaching and learning of English in an audience of young and adult people and that includes a study of how human history has evolved, more precisely, as history of education was influenced by the playful and how the human mind also becomes over time. Nowadays, the playful is a tool that has been widely used pedagogically in teaching foreign languages and every day opens new manners and ways of teaching languages, always with its array of spaced more possibilities. Under this assumption, the focus of this research is discover how the use of recreational and educational games may influence grammar greater understanding and language development of young and adults students in learning English, and also what better way to introduce these games, that is, a contextualized content being discussed each time during the school way, so that the games may be, of course, used for relaxation of the students, but also (and especially) for their intellectual growth and language development

Experimentos de baixo custo para o ensino de eletrost��tica no n��vel fundamental

The experimentation in the teaching of physics has been extensively studied over the years because of its potential as a tool demonstration of physics phenomena studied in classroom. In such a perspective view of the action of apprentice student involving teaching future teachers of physics, under the Program PIBID CAPES, developed since 2009, seeks ways to improve the teaching of physics experiments using the theme chosen for the electrostatic work was . In this particular work, we report the development of the project in a State School located in the city of Rio Claro, in two rooms in the 9th grade in elementary school. It is planned with the activities of teaching physics at this level of education, look at how two different ways of displaying the contents of electrostatics in a playful way for elementary students and implement a library of experiments so that students can take the experiments to their homes

A origem da vida: por entre estudos e saberes escolares

Este trabalho foi proposto baseado na relev��ncia do tema a origem da vida para uma nova abordagem de sala de aula de forma que os alunos poderiam estar mais perto da proposta de entender como funciona a ciência e de forma que o aprendizado pode ser diferenciado para a aprendizagem comum. As ciências biol��gicas passaram por muito tempo a merc�� de teorias de que a origem da vida era algo natural do nosso planeta, ou seja, a origem de um novo ser sem ter vindo a partir de outro. No entanto com v��rios experimentos com destaque ao de Oparin, j�� com o conhecimento de microorganismo, se provou que a origem da vida n��o surgia t��o facilmente como se esperava. A partir da quebra desse paradigma houve um crescente desenvolvimento de experimentos que comprovaram que v��rios compostos importantes para a vida se formaria naturalmente numa Terra primitiva. No entanto h�� muita controversa de como a vida de fato teria surgido, dividindo opini��es de forma que a apresenta����o de uma gama de possibilidades para origem da vida �� a melhor forma de apresentar um tema com teorias n��o comprovadas ou contestadas. ���O CADERNO DO ALUNO��� E O ���CADERNO DO PROFESSOR��� ambos de biologia, fazem luz uma grande possibilidade de desenvolvimento de uma aula que foge a do cotidiano, com discuss��es e possibilidade de se conhecer a ciência. Entretanto, verificou-se que a falta de conhecimento pr��vio pode ser um empecilho para uma discuss��o apurada e que se deve tomar cuidado nessa discuss��o para n��o ferir a concep����o de cada aluno. Muito do se pede no Curr��culo do Estado de S��o Paulo para o professor desenvolver tamb��m contempla uma grande possibilidade de desenvolvimento do tema com foco em sa��das do campo, pr��tica e envolvimento com toda a escola de forma que o tema poderia ser eficaz de maneira diferencial de um tema proposto para o terceiro ano do ensino m��dio. As aulas do tema descritas mostram a import��ncia de um n��mero maior de educadores ser...

Matem��tica comercial e financeira com a utiliza����o de recursos digitais: uma experi��ncia no ensino m��dio

This work aimed to investigate the possible contributions of the use of digital resources in the teaching and learning process of Commercial and Financial Mathematics concepts to high school students. Its development has included a survey of some researches on the topic as well as an experimental study of a qualitative type, in which the Webquest was used as methodology. It uses the computer, more precisely the internet resources, to assist students in building up knowledge. Eight meetings were held, in the after-school period, with a group of students of the second year of high school at a state public school in the city of Guaratinguet��. Aiming to evaluate the knowledge that students had about the theme, it was applied a diagnosis at first glance for further analysis and development of activities and interventions according to the students��� answers. Once the research data was analyzed, it was noted that the students had little knowledge regarding the basic contents of Commercial and Financial Mathematics, in addition to presenting difficulties in handling some of the digital resources used in the meetings. Nonetheless, from the students��� works, it was seen significant advances in understanding and building up knowledge on concepts such as percentage, simple and compound interest, savings, and sales involving prompt payment or in arrears

As atividades experimentais no ensino de f��sica

This work was developed from a literature search in order to provide teachers of physics theoretical and methodological requirements for the use of experimentation in physics teaching, with the aim of contributing to the teaching practice of these teachers and, consequently, for improving teaching this discipline. Therefore, to deal in the course of this research, the goals and types of practical activities, new information and communication technologies that fit the experimental approaches and the role of the teacher in this context, specifying the variables that influence and relate with experimental activities. Studies are presented on the methodology and planning of experimental activities to draw attention to the teacher and the important issues relevant to the preparation of these activities as, for example, the proposed objectives and types of discourse and existing approaches for the conduct of practical activities. In this sense, the trend is highlighted for walks where the approach of practical activities, within the context of practices interactionist and are pointed out strengths and weaknesses of different types of activities presented. We also highlight aspects of the learning process associated with some theoretical reference that are on that subject, as Piaget, Vigotski and Ausubel, so that the teacher can apply the concepts in their theories worked in the practical lessons of physics