Status of the biodiversity of St. Martin's Island, Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

A total of 234 species of fish have been recorded from the St Martin Island. Of which, 98 species are coral associated. The total number of recorded mollusc and crab species stands at 187 and 7 species respectively. A total of 66 coral species were recorded, of which 19 are fossil corals, 36 living corals and the rest are under 6 families of subclass Octocorallia (soft corals). A total of 14 species of algae have been recorded from the St. Martin's Island. There is an estimated amount of 1500 MT red sea weed biomass available around the St. Martin's Island. The island contains some of the most unique, benthic community associations in Bangladesh, not found anywhere else in the South Asian region. The unique marine communities have very high scientific value for research and monitoring and there are only a few examples worldwide, where coral-algal communities dominate rocky reefs. The economy of the island is based on fishing. It is estimated that, about 1650 MT of fish are caught annually. Over-exploitation of renewable marine and coastal resources (e.g., rocky reef fisheries, coral and shell extraction; removal of coastal vegetation from inter-tidal and sub-tidal habitats) is a major threat to this ecosystem. Destructive fishing practices, mainly the use of rock-weighted gill nets over the inshore boulder reefs is of prime aggravates. Proper implementation of the rules and regulation for Ecologically Critical Areas (ECA's), alternative livelihood for the local people and further research should be immediately taken for sustainable utilization and to save the rich biodiversity of the only coral island in Bangladesh.

丰宫并殖吸虫染色体核型的研究

：首次报道丰宫并殖吸虫(Paragonimus proliferus)染体数目为2n--22，n=ll，染色体核型南I砖大型和2对小型 的中着丝粒染色体(m)、4对大型和4对小型的亚端着丝粒染色体(st)组成。丰宫并殖吸虫染色体核型与克氏、大平并殖 吸虫以及斯氏狸殖吸虫的核型比较存在差异，这些差异为确立丰宫并殖吸虫在分类学上的独立地位提供了依据。

金属离子对湖南产五步蛇蛇毒磷脂酶A_2活性的影响

测定结果示，对湖南产五步蛇蛇毒磷脂酶Ａ２，Ｋ＋可使酶活性增加，而Ｆｅ３＋等则不同程度地抑制酶活性

滇金丝猴(Rhinopithecus bieti)现状及其保护对策研究

滇金丝猴生活在海拔3800-4300m的原始冷杉林中, 但有时也会在4300-4700m的低矮灌丛、草甸和流石滩上活动达数小时之久, 甚至能跨越近千米的无林高海拔地带。松萝是它们的主要食物, 取食松萝的时间占总取食时间的91%。猴群活动范围可达近百平方公里。笔者在历时8年的野外考察中, 已查明这一物种的全部现存自然种群只有13个, 分布在云南的德钦、兰坪、潍西、丽江和西藏的芒康这五县境内, 其现存种群数量为1000-1500只; 所有现存自然种群几乎均处在相互隔离的状态, 群间已不可能进行基因交流, 充分表明它们已到达灭绝边缘。

滇金丝猴地理分布、种群数量与相关生态学的研究

经过８年的野外考察, 我国特有的珍稀濒危动物滇金丝猴(Rhinopithecus bieti)的现状已基本查明. 这一物种的全部现存自然种群只有13个, 分布在云南的德钦、兰坪、维西、丽江和西藏的芒康５县境内. 其现存种群数量约为1000-1500只. 该物种分布范围的东界是金沙江, 西界是澜沧江, 分布最北的１个猴群的纬度为29°20′Ｎ, 最南的１个猴群的纬度为26°14′Ｎ. 所有现存自然种群几乎均处在相互隔离状态, 呈岛屿分布, 群间不可能进行基因交流. 其栖息地内的森林中, 高大乔木主要为冷杉, 林中灌木主要为杜鹃和竹林。

菊小长管蚜的化学防治研究

菊小长管蚜Macrosiphorniella sanborni是昆明地区花卉主要害虫之一，该虫对菊花嫩叶，嫩梢，花柄及花勒为害率达65.0%，个别大棚高达100，损失产量25.0%。室内外用1.8爱福丁3000，2500，2000倍液敌敌畏1500，1000，800倍液进行毒杀试验，爱福丁室内的毒杀率达96.6%，敌敌畏达96.3%；田间爱福丁害83.39%，敌敌畏达80.20%。

滇池控藻围隔中水生植物和浮游藻类对不同形态铁浓度的影响

运用围隔试验来研究围隔生态系统内浮游藻类的组成和数量以及水生植物变化对不同形态铁浓度的影响,再反过来探讨微量元素铁在蓝藻水华暴发过程中对水生植物和浮游藻类生态生理的作用,从而为探索治理蓝藻水华的新途径提供基础证据。从2003年6月至10月,定期采样测定了控藻围隔水体中的亚铁、颗粒态铁(>0.22μm)、小胶体态铁(0.22～0.025μm)、溶解态铁(<0.025μm)的浓度和叶绿素a的浓度,同时对浮游藻类进行了组成鉴定和细胞计数。结果表明,不同形态的铁之间是可以相互转化的,胶体态铁比颗粒态铁活跃,是溶解

高原浅水湖泊沉积物中磷、氮形态化学研究

以滇池马村湾和海东湾为研究对象,对其沉积物-间隙水-上覆水三界面中的磷、氮形态作研究,其中钙结合态磷占的比例最大,其次是有机/细菌聚合态磷和残渣磷;总氮含量很高,平均值为2.63mg/g,而亚硝酸盐氮含量很低,其它三种无机氮形态(硝酸盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮和氨氮)之间并不存在恒定的化学计量关系,这主要是无机氮循环还受水体和沉积物中有机氮的影响。调查还表明沉积物中Fe-P含量与间隙水中溶解性磷酸盐磷有着较好的线性关系,沉积物中Fe-P含量与间隙水Eh呈对数关系。

银鲫原肠胚差异表达基因的筛选

胚胎发育是基因组中各个基因在时间和空间上选择性表达的结果。为了鉴定参与鱼类早期胚胎发育和胚层分化的调控因了,分别构建了银鲫(Carassiusauratusgibelio)原肠胚和成熟卵子的SMARTcDNA文库,并采用差异筛选的方法,从银鲫原肠胚SMARTcDNA文库中筛选不同于成熟卵子的差异表达基因。通过菌斑和PCR产物的两轮斑点杂交,从大约1500个克隆中筛选出131个阳性克隆,从中选择58个克隆测序并将测得的序列进行了数据库比对分析,结果显示这些差异表达基因大部分为参与转录和翻译的调控因子和核糖体

Distribution matching for transduction

Many transductive inference algorithms assume that distributions over training and test estimates should be related, e.g. by providing a large margin of separation on both sets. We use this idea to design a transduction algorithm which can be used without modification for classification, regression, and structured estimation. At its heart we exploit the fact that for a good learner the distributions over the outputs on training and test sets should match. This is a classical two-sample problem which can be solved efficiently in its most general form by using distance measures in Hilbert Space. It turns out that a number of existing heuristics can be viewed as special cases of our approach.

Modelling and characterisation of an ortho-planar micro-valve

The main difficulties encountered in the development of microscale fluidic pumping systems stem from the fact that these systems tend to comprise highly three-dimensional parts, which are incompatible with traditional microproduction technologies. Regardless of the type of pumping principle, most of the hydraulic systems contain valves and in particular a one-way valve. This paper presents the design and modelling of an ortho-planar one-way microvalve. The main advantages of such a valve are that it is very compact and can be made from a single flat piece of material. An analytical model of the spring deflection has been developed and compared to FEM. A prototype with a bore of 1.5 mm has been build using a micro EDM (electro discharge machining) machine and also tested. © 2006 International Federation for Information Processing.

Clustering behaviors in networks of integrate-and-fire oscillators

Clustering behavior is studied in a model of integrate-and-fire oscillators with excitatory pulse coupling. When considering a population of identical oscillators, the main result is a proof of global convergence to a phase-locked clustered behavior. The robustness of this clustering behavior is then investigated in a population of nonidentical oscillators by studying the transition from total clustering to the absence of clustering as the group coherence decreases. A robust intermediate situation of partial clustering, characterized by few oscillators traveling among nearly phase-locked clusters, is of particular interest. The analysis complements earlier studies of synchronization in a closely related model. © 2008 American Institute of Physics.