Reforzando un pilar fiscal: el impuesto a la renta dual a la uruguaya

Incluye Bibliografía

Strengthening a fiscal pillar: the Uruguayan dual income tax

Includes bibliography

Application of a bounded upwinding scheme to complex fluid dynamics problems

This paper is concerned with an overview of upwinding schemes, and further nonlinear applications of a recently introduced high resolution upwind differencing scheme, namely the ADBQUICKEST [V.G. Ferreira, F.A. Kurokawa, R.A.B. Queiroz, M.K. Kaibara, C.M. Oishi, J.A.Cuminato, A.F. Castelo, M.F. Tomé, S. McKee, assessment of a high-order finite difference upwind scheme for the simulation of convection-diffusion problems, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 60 (2009) 1-26]. The ADBQUICKEST scheme is a new TVD version of the QUICKEST [B.P. Leonard, A stable and accurate convective modeling procedure based on quadratic upstream interpolation, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 19 (1979) 59-98] for solving nonlinear balance laws. The scheme is based on the concept of NV and TVD formalisms and satisfies a convective boundedness criterion. The accuracy of the scheme is compared with other popularly used convective upwinding schemes (see, for example, Roe (1985) [19], Van Leer (1974) [18] and Arora & Roe (1997) [17]) for solving nonlinear conservation laws (for example, Buckley-Leverett, shallow water and Euler equations). The ADBQUICKEST scheme is then used to solve six types of fluid flow problems of increasing complexity: namely, 2D aerosol filtration by fibrous filters; axisymmetric flow in a tubular membrane; 2D two-phase flow in a fluidized bed; 2D compressible Orszag-Tang MHD vortex; axisymmetric jet onto a flat surface at low Reynolds number and full 3D incompressible flows involving moving free surfaces. The numerical simulations indicate that this convective upwinding scheme is a good generic alternative for solving complex fluid dynamics problems. © 2012.

Effect of ceramic shade on the degree of conversion of a dual-cure resin cement analyzed by FTIR

Objectives: The aim of this research was to evaluate the degree of monomer conversion of different resin cement shades when photocured under different feldspathic ceramic shades. The photocuring time was also evaluated as well as the translucency of each ceramic shade. Methods: Three VITA VM7 ceramic shades (Base Dentin 0M1, Base Dentin 2M2 and Base Dentin 5M3) were used to determine the translucency percentage. A spectrophotometer MiniScan was used to measure the opacity percentage of each specimen (2-mm-thick) and then the translucency was calculated. To measure the degree of conversion (DC), the resin cement (Variolink II; A3 Yellow and transparent) specimens (thickness: 100 μm) were photocured under a ceramic block (2-mm-thick) for 20 or 40 s. Specimens photocured without the ceramic block were used as control. Sixteen groups (n = 3) were evaluated. Micro-ATR/FTIR spectrometry was used to evaluate the extent of polymerization of all specimens after 24 h. The %DC was calculated of experimentally polymerized versus maximally polymerized composite. Results: The translucency percentages of 0M1, 2M2 and 5M3 ceramics were 12.41 (1.02)%, 5.75 (1.91)% and 1.07 (0.03)%, respectively. The %DC of both resin cement shades cured under ceramic 5M3 was significantly lower than the other groups (p < 0.05). The %DC of 0M1 groups exhibited no significant difference from 2M2 groups (p > 0.05), with the exception of the transparent cement photocured for 40 s. Conclusion: Photocuring under 2 mm ceramic showed that the increase in chroma saturation significantly decreased Variolink II resin cement %DC (100-μm-thick). © 2013 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Correspondence between the self-dual model and the topologically massive electrodynamics: A new view

Following the study of the Topologically Massive Theories under the Hamilton-Jacobi, we now analyze the constraint structure of the Self-Dual model as well as its correspondence with the Topologically Massive Electrodynamics. © 2013 American Institute of Physics.

Importancia del sector informal en los futuros asentamientos urbanos: la metrópolis dual = Importance of the informal sector in future urban settlements: the dual metropolis

Incluye Bibliografía

Investigação e aplicação de métodos primal - dual pontos interiores em problemas de despacho econômico e ambiental

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Procedimento híbrido envolvendo os métodos primal-dual de pontos interiores e branch and bound em problemas multiobjetivo de aproveitamento de resíduos de cana-de-açúcar

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

OPUS: interactive software for solving linear programming models using the simplex algorithm

Includes bibliography

Pobreza y crecimiento dual en Paraguay

Incluye Bibliografía

Regressão Simplex aplicada a delineamentos de mistura e utilização do Algoritmo Boosting

In the composition of this work are present two parts. The first part contains the theory used. The second part contains the two articles. The first article examines two models of the class of generalized linear models for analyzing a mixture experiment, which studied the effect of different diets consist of fat, carbohydrate, and fiber on tumor expression in mammary glands of female rats, given by the ratio mice that had tumor expression in a particular diet. Mixture experiments are characterized by having the effect of collinearity and smaller sample size. In this sense, assuming normality for the answer to be maximized or minimized may be inadequate. Given this fact, the main characteristics of logistic regression and simplex models are addressed. The models were compared by the criteria of selection of models AIC, BIC and ICOMP, simulated envelope charts for residuals of adjusted models, odds ratios graphics and their respective confidence intervals for each mixture component. It was concluded that first article that the simplex regression model showed better quality of fit and narrowest confidence intervals for odds ratio. The second article presents the model Boosted Simplex Regression, the boosting version of the simplex regression model, as an alternative to increase the precision of confidence intervals for the odds ratio for each mixture component. For this, we used the Monte Carlo method for the construction of confidence intervals. Moreover, it is presented in an innovative way the envelope simulated chart for residuals of the adjusted model via boosting algorithm. It was concluded that the Boosted Simplex Regression model was adjusted successfully and confidence intervals for the odds ratio were accurate and lightly more precise than the its maximum likelihood version.

Luciferase de Macrolampis SP como gene repórter dual em biosensores simultâneos de expressão gênica e variações de intracelulares de ph, concentrações de fosfato e cátions divalentes de metais pesados

Trata-se a presente invenção de um produto da área de biotecnologia constituído de Luciferase de Microlampis SP recombinante apresenta espectro de bioluminescência bimodal e sensibilidade elevada a mudanças de pH- e temperatura, como gene repórter dual que codifica uma proteína bioluminosa para uso em biosensores simultâneos de expressão gênica e variações de intracelulares de PH, com concentrações de Fosfato e Cátions divalentes de metais pesados, e presença de ATP e como biosensor intracelular de mudanças de pH e outras condições homeostáticas.

MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF DUAL AND MULTIPHASE STEELS APPLIED TO AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity) and DP (Dual-Phase) steels are written in a new series of steels which present excellent mechanical properties. As for microstructure aspect, TRIP steels consist on a ferrite matrix with a second phase dispersion of other constituents, such as bainite, martensite and retained austenite, while dual-phase steels consist on martensite dispersion in a ferrite matrix. In order to identify the different microconstituents present in these materials, microstructure characterization techniques by optical microscopy (using different etchants: LePera, Heat-Tinting and Nital) and scanning electron microscopy were carried out. This being so, microstructures were correlated with mechanical properties of materials, determined by means of tensile tests. It is concluded that steels assisted by TRIP effect have a strength and elongation relation higher than the dual-phase one. With microstructure characterization, it was observed phases present in these materials microstructure.

Lower limb muscle coactivation levels in healthy younger and older adults during functional dual-task gait

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of daily cognitive task on stiffness of old and young female adults during the gait. The study included 17 physically active younger and 18 older women, with low risk of falls. The volunteers were asked to walk on the treadmill at two different gait conditions: normal gait and functional dual-task gait. The electromyographic signals were collected of the lower limb muscles. The percentage of coactivation for the tibialis anterior/gastrocnemius lateralis and tibialis anterior/soleus were significantly higher in elderly than in younger in the normal gait and dual-task gait. Our results suggest that the elderly have a greater stiffness in the ankle joint during gait normal and daily dual task gait. Thus, we conclude that challenging cognitively situations during the gait may increase the risk of falls in this population.