River and Hillslope Response to Localized Uplift Along a Left Bend of the San Andreas Fault, Santa Cruz Mountains, CA

Studying landscape evolution of the Earthís surface is difficult because both tectonic forces and surface processes control its response to perturbation, and ultimately, its shape and form. Researchers often use numerical models to study erosional response to deformation because there are rarely natural settings in which we can evaluate both tectonic activity and topographic response over appropriate time scales (103-105 years). In certain locations, however, geologic conditions afford the unique opportunity to study the relationship between tectonics and topography. One such location is along the Dragonís Back Pressure Ridge in California, where the landscape moves over a structural discontinuity along the San Andreas Fault and landscape response to both the initiation and cessation of uplift can be observed. In their landmark study, Hilley and Arrowsmith (2008) found that geomorphic metrics such as channel steepness tracked uplift and that hillslope response lagged behind that of rivers. Ideal conditions such as uniform vegetation density and similar lithology allowed them to view each basin as a developmental stage of response to uplift only. Although this work represents a significant step forward in understanding landscape response to deformation, it remains unclear how these results translate to more geologically complex settings. In this study, I apply similar methodology to a left bend along the San Andreas Fault in the Santa Cruz Mountains, California. At this location, the landscape is translated through a zone of localized uplift caused by the bend, but vegetation, lithology, and structure vary. I examine the geomorphic response to uplift along the San Andreas Fault bend in order to determine whether predicted landscape patterns can be observed in a larger, more geologically complex setting than the Dragonís Back Pressure Ridge. I find that even with a larger-scale and a more complex setting, geomorphic metrics such as channel steepness index remain useful tools for evaluating landscape evolution through time. Steepness indices in selected streams of study record localized uplift caused by the restraining bend, while hillslope adjustment in the form of landsliding occurs over longer time scales. This project illustrates that it is possible to apply concepts of landscape evolution models to complex settings and is an important contribution to the body of geomorphological study.

Christian Andreas Viktor Hensen and his studies of plankton

This paper gives a brief account of the attempt by the German zoologist Christian Andreas Viktor Hensen to quantify the amount of floating organisms in the sea, which he defined for the first time as plankton. To do this, he invented new collecting and analysing methods, and in 1887 led the first major German oceanographic expedition. Despite arousing criticisms, his methods influenced others to begin quantitative sampling and led to his recognition as one of the founders of ecology.

Christian Andreas Viktor Hensen and his studies of plankton

This paper gives a brief account of the attempt by the German zoologist Christian Andreas Viktor Hensen to quantify the amount of floating organisms in the sea, which he defined for the first time as plankton. To do this, he invented new collecting and analysing methods, and in 1887 led the first major German oceanographic expedition. Despite arousing criticisms, his methods influenced others to begin quantitative sampling and led to his recognition as one of the founders of ecology.

Andreas von Mayendorff, Magdeburgischen Landraths, Bericht von der deutschen Freiheit und Regiment, Collecten, item was auf Landtägen vorgehet, und wie der Eingeseßenen des Ertzstifts Magdeburg ihre Gerechtsame und gute Landesverfassung, mit des Landes-Herrn Interesse übereinkomme und bestehen könne : Geschrieben in der zweiten Hälfte des sechszehnten Jahrhunderts; Nebst einem Anhange aus der Regierungsgeschichte Königs Friedrich Wilhelms I. Majestät

Aus einer Original-Handschrift herausgegeben von G. H. M. von Wedell, Magdeburgischem Landrath und Ritter des eisernen Kreuzes

An Index to Place Names Found in the A.T. Andreas Illustrated Historical Atlas of the State of Iowa, 1998

Index of place names in the A.T. Andreas illustrated historical Atlas of Iowa

Karl-Oswald Bauer / Andreas Bohn / Pierre Kemna / Niels Logemann: Pädagogische Qualität messen. Ein Handbuch. Münster/ New York/ München/ Berlin: Waxmann 2010 [Rezension]

Rezension von: Karl-Oswald Bauer / Andreas Bohn / Pierre Kemna / Niels Logemann: Pädagogische Qualität messen. Ein Handbuch. Münster/ New York/ München/ Berlin: Waxmann 2010 (184 S.; ISBN 978-3-8309-2415-9)

Andreas Knoke / Anja Durdel (Hrsg.): Steuerung im Bildungswesen, Zur Zusammenarbeit von Ministerien, Schulaufsicht und Schulleitungen. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften 2011 [Rezension]

Rezension von: Andreas Knoke / Anja Durdel (Hrsg.): Steuerung im Bildungswesen, Zur Zusammenarbeit von Ministerien, Schulaufsicht und Schulleitungen, Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften 2011 (166 S.; ISBN 978-3-531-17888-2)

Reform der Erziehung. Eine Auseinandersetzung mit Andreas Flitner

Hans-Ulrich Grunder diskutiert am Beispiel von Andreas Flitners „Reform der Erziehung", ob eine pädagogische Aktualisierung ohne Rückgriff auf die Ergebnisse der bildungshistorischen Forschung möglich ist. Er versucht die These zu begründen, daß ohne Beachtung der Historiographie eine legitime Pädagogik nicht entwickelt werden kann. (DIPF/Orig.)

Convergence Of Soil Nitrogen Isotopes Across Global Climate Gradients.

Quantifying global patterns of terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling is central to predicting future patterns of primary productivity, carbon sequestration, nutrient fluxes to aquatic systems, and climate forcing. With limited direct measures of soil N cycling at the global scale, syntheses of the (15)N:(14)N ratio of soil organic matter across climate gradients provide key insights into understanding global patterns of N cycling. In synthesizing data from over 6000 soil samples, we show strong global relationships among soil N isotopes, mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), and the concentrations of organic carbon and clay in soil. In both hot ecosystems and dry ecosystems, soil organic matter was more enriched in (15)N than in corresponding cold ecosystems or wet ecosystems. Below a MAT of 9.8°C, soil δ(15)N was invariant with MAT. At the global scale, soil organic C concentrations also declined with increasing MAT and decreasing MAP. After standardizing for variation among mineral soils in soil C and clay concentrations, soil δ(15)N showed no consistent trends across global climate and latitudinal gradients. Our analyses could place new constraints on interpretations of patterns of ecosystem N cycling and global budgets of gaseous N loss.

New Fefe-hydrogenase Genes Identified In A Metagenomic Fosmid Library From A Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant As Revealed By High-throughput Sequencing.

A fosmid metagenomic library was constructed with total community DNA obtained from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWWTP), with the aim of identifying new FeFe-hydrogenase genes encoding the enzymes most important for hydrogen metabolism. The dataset generated by pyrosequencing of a fosmid library was mined to identify environmental gene tags (EGTs) assigned to FeFe-hydrogenase. The majority of EGTs representing FeFe-hydrogenase genes were affiliated with the class Clostridia, suggesting that this group is the main hydrogen producer in the MWWTP analyzed. Based on assembled sequences, three FeFe-hydrogenase genes were predicted based on detection of the L2 motif (MPCxxKxxE) in the encoded gene product, confirming true FeFe-hydrogenase sequences. These sequences were used to design specific primers to detect fosmids encoding FeFe-hydrogenase genes predicted from the dataset. Three identified fosmids were completely sequenced. The cloned genomic fragments within these fosmids are closely related to members of the Spirochaetaceae, Bacteroidales and Firmicutes, and their FeFe-hydrogenase sequences are characterized by the structure type M3, which is common to clostridial enzymes. FeFe-hydrogenase sequences found in this study represent hitherto undetected sequences, indicating the high genetic diversity regarding these enzymes in MWWTP. Results suggest that MWWTP have to be considered as reservoirs for new FeFe-hydrogenase genes.

The Southern Brazilian shelf: general characteristics, quaternary evolution and sediment distribution

Extending from latitude 34ºS to 22ºS the Southern Brazilian shelf constitutes the only part of the Brazilian shelf with a subtropical to temperate environment. The studies on the different geological aspects of the area began in the 1960's and have recently been reassessed after studies related to the determination of the Economic Exclusive Zone. In terms of morphology, the Southern Brazilian shelf may be divided into three sectors, the São Paulo Bight, the Florianópolis-Mostardas Sector and the Rio Grande Cone, characterized by conspicuous differences in terms of geological determining factors, bathymetry, declivities and the presence of canyons and channels. Despite the existence of hundreds of radiocarbon datings the sea level changes curve of southern Brazil during the Last Glacial Cycle is still a matter of debate. A recent controversy on the Middle and late Holocene sea level changes curve raised the question of the amplitude of the oscillations which occurred in the period. Also, a few but relatively consistent radiocarbon datings suggest the occurrence of a high sea level during Isotope Stage 3. In terms of sedimentary cover the Southern Brazilian shelf exhibits a very strong hydrodynamic control, both latitudinal and bathymetrical. The sector southward from 25ºS is characterized by the influence of the plume of water carrying sediments originating from the Río de La Plata. Actually its presence is conspicuous up to 28ºS, with the area between this latitude and 25ºS constituting a transitional zone. In terms of bathymetry the outer shelf is marked by the "floor-polisher" effect of the Brazil Current, which is responsible for the maintenance of a relict facies in areas deeper than 100 meters.