An analysis of installation of submarine pipelines

There are different methods of construction of outfall pipelines, all of them have to solve the problem of placing a tube over a known location in sea bed. This process has sometimes to be done in difficult conditions as waves, current or depths greater than 30 metres, where a diver cannot go safely beyond. Also the placement of the pipeline must be carried out without any damage to the tube, therefore a close control of the deflections and stresses in the structure must be performed. The importance of this control should be not diminished because a damage during the construction would imply a very difficult and expensive repair, that should be avoided with a proper design of the construction process. This paper is focused in the analysis of the tube during its placement according to a very well known construction method consisting in placing the tube from a boat, where all the connections between consecutive tube segments are performed, and also the whole process is controlled. This method is used for outfall as well as offshore pipelines, and it will be described in Section 2

(Table 8.2, Page 178) Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from submarine photographs acquired by the R/V Vityaz in the Pacific Ocean

Prof. H. H. W. Menard has brought together nearly all that was known of the Pacific geology in the early 1960s. His book contains a particular chapter on manganese nodules giving a stimulating review of the features and processes known to govern their distribution and chemical composition.

Worldwide submarine challenges /

Mode of access: Internet.

Sedimentation in submarine canyons in San Diego County, California, 1984-1987 : Coast of California storm and tidal waves study /

Mode of access: Internet.

Meeting the submarine challenge : a short history of the Naval Underwater Systems Center /

Shipping list no.: 97-0340-P.

Status of the Trident submarine and missile programs, Department of the Navy : report to the Congress /

Publication date stamped on cover.

Photographic investigation of sediment texture, bottom current activity, and benthonic organisms in the Wilmington Submarine Canyon, U.S.C.C.C. Rockaway-Smithsonian Institution cruise (RoS2) December 1967

"CG 373-22."

First-interim report on the hydrodynamics and stability and control of a tandem propeller submarine.

"Contract Nonr-3659(00) (FBM)."