Selective response of ternary complex factor Sap1a to different mitogen-activated protein kinase subgroups.

Mitogenic and stres signals results in the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinases (SAPK/JNKs), respectively, which are two subgroups of the mitogen-activated protein kinases. A nuclear target of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases is the ternary complex factor Elk-1, which underlies its involvement in the regulation of c-fos gene expression by mitogenic and stress signals. A second ternary complex factor, Sap1a, is coexpressed with Elk-1 in several cell types and shares attributes of Elk-1, the significance of which is not clear. Here we show that Sap1a is phosphorylated efficiently by ERKs but not by SAPK/JNKs. Serum response factor-dependent ternary complex formation by Sap1a is stimulated by ERK phosphorylation but not by SAPK/JNKs. Moreover, Sap1a-mediated transcription is activated by mitogenic signals but not by cell stress. These results suggest that Sap1a and Elk-1 have distinct physiological functions.

Evaluation and research program of the U.S. censuses of population and housing, 1960 : accuracy of data on population characteristics for subgroups of the total population.

Bibliography: p. 76.

Subgroups of the group G[subscript n] /

Originally presented as the author's thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Centralizers of finite subgroups of automorphisms and outer automorphisms of free groups /

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, August, 1998.

Groups of order pm which contain cyclic subgroups of order pm-3,

Mode of access: Internet.

Demographic and Geographic Heterogeneity between Subgroups of Cyclists

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Leaders and their treatment of subgroups: implications for evaluations of the leader and the superordinate group

This experiment examined members' evaluations of a group leader and the group in contexts where a superordinate group comprised two subgroups and the group leader was aligned with one or other subgroup. The design varied group leader (ingroup, outgroup) and leader behavior (ingroup favoring, outgroup favoring) as well as the broader comparative context (intragroup, intergroup). Across a number of measures, results indicated a consistent Group Leader x Leader Behavior interaction that was independent of comparative context. Although group members were most satisfied with an ingroup leader who favored the ingroup, ingroup leaders were perceived positively irrespective of their behavior Outgroup leaders who unexpectedly favored the other subgroup were also perceived positively. However, outgroup leaders who favored their own subgroup were perceived as less fair and as more biased than other leaders. They also engendered less identification with the superordinate group and a less unified perception of the group. Results demonstrate the importance of social identity concerns to leadership in nested group contexts and emphasize the fact that perceptions of leader fairness and concern for the common group mediate responses to the superordinate category. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.

Nucleocapsid gene variability reveals two subgroups of Lettuce necrotic yellows virus

The complete nucleocapsid (N) genes of eight Australian isolates of Lettuce necrotic yellows virus (LNYV) were amplified by reverse transcription PCR, cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses of these sequences revealed two distinct subgroups of LNYV isolates. Nucleotide sequences within each subgroup were more than 96% identical but heterogeneity between groups was about 20% at the nucleotide sequence level. However, less than 4% heterogeneity was noted at the amino acid level, indicating mostly third nucleotide position changes and a strong conservation for N protein function. There was no obvious geographical or temporal separation of the subgroups in Australia.

Groups with Decomposable Set of Quasinormal Subgroups

A subgroup H of a group G is said to be quasinormal if HX = XH for all subgroups X of G. In this article groups are characterized for which the partially ordered set of quasinormal subgroups is decomposable.

On Parabolic Subgroups and Hecke Algebras of some Fractal Groups

* The authors thank the “Swiss National Science Foundation” for its support.

Groups with the Minimal Condition on Non-“Nilpotent-by-Finite” Subgroups

We characterize the groups which do not have non-trivial perfect sections and such that any strictly descending chain of non-“nilpotent-by-finite” subgroups is finite.

Sylow P-Subgroups of Abelian Group Rings

2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 20C07, 20K10, 20K20, 20K21; Secondary 16U60, 16S34.

Kneser and Hereditarily Kneser Subgroups of a Profinite Group

2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 20E18, 12G05, 12F10, 12F99.

Finite Groups as the Union of Proper Subgroups

2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 20D60,20E15.

On Groups whose Contranormal Subgroups are Normally Complemented

2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 20F16, 20E15.