Socio-cultural visions of interactivity within Museums

The ideas on which this paper is based are drawn from my thesis “Interactivity in Museums. A Relationship Building Perspective” written in 2007 for the fulfillment of the Master Degree in Museology at the Reinwardt Academy in Amsterdam. The main arguments are that the notion of Interactivity conceptualized within a technological orientation coupled with the pedagogic approach of mere information transmission need to be reconsidered; that Interactivity in museums is a conception both misinterpreted and under-implemented; and that the problems of understanding Interactivity will resolve by identifying the aspects which define Interactivity and most importantly focus on why they matter in a broader socio-cultural context within museums. Without an intention to attribute all the developments and advances associated with new museological practice, in some deterministic way, solely to politics and economic change, I argue that the new strategies adopted by museums towards progression and broader accessibility –at least regarding interactivity, seem to be linked more with a dominant commercialization of culture and education, than with a belief towards an effect on social change through the promotion of social interaction within a pluralistic and multicultural society, acknowledging the diversity of nature, opinion and practices, which can be combined instead of contrasting each other.

Tiempos de zango y de guampín: transformaciones gastronómicas, territorialidad y re-existencia socio-cultural en comunidades Afro-descendientes de los valles interandinos del Patía (sur de Colombia) y Chota (norte del Ecuador), siglo XX

Si partimos del hecho de que comer es algo más que ingerir alimentos, plantearse el problema de la alimentación de las comunidades negras de los Valles interandinos del Patía en Colombia y del Chota-Mira en el Ecuador, pasa por considerar que esta temática sugiere aspectos interesantes para el abordaje, desde una perspectiva que nos permita observar tanto las implicaciones culturales del acto de comer, como la manera en que los alimentos son producidos. Lo anterior implica determinar cuáles han sido los conocimientos y prácticas alimentarias de estos pueblos negros, cómo y por qué factores se han transformado a través del tiempo, que tipo de estructura de tenencia de la tierra ha existido y con que sistemas productivos, máxime si consideramos que las comunidades asentadas en estas regiones de ambos países, se pueden considerar como campesinos negros con procesos de poblamiento diferenciados, así provengan de una misma matriz: la trata trasatlántica y la presencia de esclavizados/as negras y de cimarrones/as en el territorio que hoy denominamos América Latina. En este sentido, más allá del sostenimiento vital que la comida le representa al organismo, ésta se convierte en una construcción cultural. La comida se constituye en un elemento de construcción de identidades y de historias que están cruzadas por el lugar que ocupan en el mundo y las formas como se relacionan las comunidades con ese espacio en el que mediante las relaciones sociales hacen posible la territorialidad. Por otra parte, la comida se articula con el sistema de creencias que en el caso de las comunidades patiana y choteña, tiene una ruta larga desde el África y las adaptaciones en el nuevo continente. También, los tiempos rituales que estas comunidades han elaborado tienen implicaciones en las dinámicas gastronómicas en tanto posibilita la preparación de platos y viandas que solamente se elaboran en tiempos específicos de celebraciones. La producción de alimentos de las comunidades campesinas ha venido sufriendo, desde la implementación del proyecto modernizador, el paulatino abandono de sus sistemas y productos tradicionales que les han garantizado el sustento y han creado las bases culturales, hacia los modelos capitalistas diseñados para la comercialización, la implementación de monocultivos y la desaparición de los cultivos de corto tiempo o de pancoger, afectando de esta manera la seguridad alimentaria de las comunidades campesinas y degradando considerablemente el sistema alimentario culturalmente generado.

Socio-cultural Degeneration and State Patronage of the Arts: Mapplethorpe, Cultural Crisis, and the NEA

The goal of this paper is to investigate how the Untied States federal government, specifically through the National Endowment for the Arts, or NEA, has acted in the position of an arts patron in the past few decades. Specifically, this paper will focus on the past decade and a half since the 'arts crisis' of the late 1980s and the social and political backlash against the art community in the 1990s, which was only against ‘offensive’ art that was seen as morally and culturally corruptive. I explore the political, social, and economic forms the backlash took, particularly rooted in a perceived fear of degenerative arts as a corruption of and a catalyst for the eventual collapse of American culture and values. Additionally, I analyse the role the federal government played in ‘ameliorating’ the situation. I investigate how state arts patronage has affected and continues to affect both the concepts behind and the manifestations of art, as well as who is encouraged, sanctioned, or neglected in the production of art. To accomplish this, I explore how and why the federal government employs the arts to define and redefine morality and culture, and how does it express/allow the expressions of these through art.

Identificación de la reproducción de la pobreza socio-cultural en familias de escolares de bajo rendimiento académico

Incluye Bibliografía

Propuesta de identificación de la reproducción de la pobreza socio-cultural: estudio de las escuelas urbanas del interior

Incluye Bibliografía

Sport techniques in physical education school: a look at the socio-cultural trends

Teaching sports techniques lessons of Physical Education is a very controversial subject. We must emphasize the fact that called our attention, that dealing with sport in a critical way would be the same as being against the teaching of the art. Several factors contributed in shaping this reality, among them we suspect that the proposal's incomprehension made within the socio-cultural trends. Thus, the aim of this work was to investigate the technical aspects of sports in teaching of Physical Education, as socio-cultural trends part. Throughout the text it is possible to identify new goals considering sportive techniques such as the concern with interests of students who movement, consideration of cultural repertoire of these students, in addition to proposing that the lessons do not restrict implementation of these movements, but also includes the knowledge of social, political, economic and cultural universe of sports events.

The socio-cultural impact of the introduction of motorbike taxis in the rural community of Tombel, South West region, Cameroon

“The socio-cultural impact of the introduction of motorbike taxis in the rural community of Tombel, South West region, Cameroon” seeks to bring out the impact of commercial motorbike taxis on the lifestyle of the Bakossi. The principal objective of this research is to show how the introduction of motorbike taxis has modified the lifestyle of the Tombel population. This anthropological research defines the profile of a motorbike taxi rider, his role in society, the perception of the population towards this activity and the impact of this activity on the lifestyle of the rural population of Tombel. This study reveals that motorbike taxi riders are essentially made up of youths from all works of life who earn a living by riding a motorbike taxi on a daily bases for commercial purposes. The revenue earn here goes a long way to sustain the livelihood of the rider and his entourage, becoming an ascension tool into the social ladder. The activity is very dangerous not only for the riders buts also for the passengers because of the risks involved in riding for most of the riders do not have the basic knowledge of the road code. This research also reveals that motorbike taxi has become the preferred means of public transport of most inhabitants of Tombel to the point of monopolising certain destinations. The population of Tombel perceives this activity as an instrument of change that has brought development and progress. But this activity also constitutes a social ill because of the prevalent sexual promiscuity encouraged by the riders. This activity has also gotten a cultural impact on the society, changing perceptions and being involve in rituals. Motorbike taxis have become a force to reckon with in the organisation of the community. They are a “response from below” to the transport crises in Cameroon.