975 resultados para media consumption


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This paper proposes the Optimized Power save Algorithm for continuous Media Applications (OPAMA) to improve end-user device energy efficiency. OPAMA enhances the standard legacy Power Save Mode (PSM) of IEEE 802.11 by taking into consideration application specific requirements combined with data aggregation techniques. By establishing a balanced cost/benefit tradeoff between performance and energy consumption, OPAMA is able to improve energy efficiency, while keeping the end-user experience at a desired level. OPAMA was assessed in the OMNeT++ simulator using real traces of variable bitrate video streaming applications. The results showed the capability to enhance energy efficiency, achieving savings up to 44% when compared with the IEEE 802.11 legacy PSM.

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Much has happened in the past fifty years, and the broadcasting system and in fact the entire media landscape have changed in many significant ways. Yet, the debate on the role of public service media and the involvement of the state in them still perseveres. It has indeed been reinvigorated due to the tectonic shifts in media production, distribution, access and consumption caused by digital technologies in general, and the Internet in particular. The gist of the debates has however curiously remained almost the same and is still focused on a set of economic arguments that call for state intervention in public media, and not unimportantly, on the various political interpretations of these economic arguments. In Europe, the debate has another essential core too, as Public Service Broadcasting (PSB) has been traditionally entrusted to serve some higher goals intrinsically related to key democratic and cultural processes. Accordingly, PSB in Western Europe has developed as the core media institution at the national level and has become deeply embedded in many facets of the nation’s economic, political, social and cultural life. Against the backdrop of PSB’s history, its vital tasks in society, as well as the dramatic changes brought about by the digitally networked environment, the question on the future of PSB and its transition into Public Service Media (PSM) is very interesting, to say the least, and highly challenging at the same time. The book by Karen Donders, Public Service Media and Policy in Europe (Palgrave, 2012), makes an essential contribution to these complex debates, and more importantly, adds some new value to an otherwise saturated discourse.

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The widespread deployment of wireless mobile communications enables an almost permanent usage of portable devices, which imposes high demands on the battery of these devices. Indeed, battery lifetime is becoming one the most critical factors on the end-users satisfaction when using wireless communications. In this work, the optimized power save algorithm for continuous media applications (OPAMA) is proposed, aiming at enhancing the energy efficiency on end-users devices. By combining the application specific requirements with data aggregation techniques, {OPAMA} improves the standard {IEEE} 802.11 legacy Power Save Mode (PSM) performance. The algorithm uses the feedback on the end-user expected quality to establish a proper tradeoff between energy consumption and application performance. {OPAMA} was assessed in the OMNeT++ simulator, using real traces of variable bitrate video streaming applications, and in a real testbed employing a novel methodology intended to perform an accurate evaluation concerning video Quality of Experience (QoE) perceived by the end-users. The results revealed the {OPAMA} capability to enhance energy efficiency without degrading the end-user observed QoE, achieving savings up to 44 when compared with the {IEEE} 802.11 legacy PSM.

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Background. The high prevalence of obesity among children has spurred creation of a list of possible causative factors, including the advertising of foods of minimal nutritional value, a decrease in physical activity, and increased media use. Few studies show prevalence rates of these factors among large cohorts of children. ^ Methods. Using data from the 2004-2005 School Physical Activity and Nutrition project (SPAN), a secondary analysis of 7907 4th-grade children (mean age 9.74 years) was conducted. In addition, a comic-book–based intervention that addressed advertised food consumption, physical activity, and media use was developed and evaluated using a pre-post test design among 4th-grade children in an urban school district. ^ Results. Among a cohort of 4th-grade children across the state of Texas, children who had more than 2 hours of video game or computer time the previous day were more than twice as likely to drink soda and eat candy or pastries. In addition, children who watched more than 2 hours of TV the previous day were more than three times as likely to consume chips, punch, soda, candy, frozen desserts, or pastries (AOR 3.41, 95% CI: 1.58, 7.37). A comic-book based intervention held great promise and acceptance among 4th-grade children. Outcome evaluation showed that while results moved in a positive direction, they were not statistically significant. ^ Conclusion. Statistically significant associations were found between screen time and eating various types of advertised food. The comic book intervention was widely accepted by the children exposed to it, and pre-post surveys indicated they moved constructs in a positive direction. Further research is needed to look at more specific ways in which children are exposed to TV, and the relationship of the TV viewing time with their consumption of advertised foods. In addition, researchers should look at comic book interventions more closely and attempt to utilize them in more in studies with a longer follow-up time. ^

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Las clases medias en Argentina se han caracterizado, sobre todo desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, por ser un sector social dinámico, por su optimismo en cuanto al progreso y por las amplias posibilidades de ascenso social que les brindaba la situación económica del país, posibilidades que el peronismo extendió luego a las clases trabajadoras. Durante los primeros años de la década del noventa, el país logró estabilizarse económicamente dejando atrás el fantasma hiperinflacionario, permitiendo un notable, si bien breve, crecimiento económico. La Convertibilidad permitió a gran parte de la población acceder a nuevos patrones de consumo; los shoppings y los barrios cerrados comenzaron a formar parte del paisaje urbano. A consecuencia se produce una mutación en las condiciones de vida y en los hábitos de consumo, sobre todo de los sectores medios. Al correr la década se advierten los costos del modelo neoliberal: el aumento veloz e inédito del desempleo, la caída en los ingresos de la mayoría de los trabajadores, el aumento de la pobreza y la marginalidad. En definitiva, la estructura social del país se vio modificada y sus efectos fueron sentidos por la gran mayoría de la población, aunque de diferente manera y en diferentes momentos. Los más afectados fueron los sectores de menores ingresos, pero en gran medida también aquellos ubicados en los sectores medio-bajo de la estructura social, que en su mayoría pasaron a conformar una nueva categoría social: los nuevos pobres. La investigación indaga acerca del impacto de la crisis económica en la subjetividad de los jóvenes de clase media, en particular en su visión acerca del país y en sus perspectivas a futuro. Al mismo tiempo, intenta delinear las nuevas prácticas, creencias y valores que adquieren las clases medias post-crisis, que debieron adaptarse a las nuevas circunstancias, y en muchos casos modificar sus hábitos de vida y patrones de consumo. Algunos hallazgos permitan afirmar que las transformaciones que ha sufrido el país en lo social y económico han sido tan profundas que impactaron en el imaginario e identidad social de los sectores medios: se desmoronan las tradicionales perspectivas de ascenso social, se desarrollan nuevas estrategias de consumo; el optimismo se revierte a consecuencia del futuro incierto, mientras que la educación parece ser uno de los pocos valores que se niegan a relegar

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Las clases medias en Argentina se han caracterizado, sobre todo desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, por ser un sector social dinámico, por su optimismo en cuanto al progreso y por las amplias posibilidades de ascenso social que les brindaba la situación económica del país, posibilidades que el peronismo extendió luego a las clases trabajadoras. Durante los primeros años de la década del noventa, el país logró estabilizarse económicamente dejando atrás el fantasma hiperinflacionario, permitiendo un notable, si bien breve, crecimiento económico. La Convertibilidad permitió a gran parte de la población acceder a nuevos patrones de consumo; los shoppings y los barrios cerrados comenzaron a formar parte del paisaje urbano. A consecuencia se produce una mutación en las condiciones de vida y en los hábitos de consumo, sobre todo de los sectores medios. Al correr la década se advierten los costos del modelo neoliberal: el aumento veloz e inédito del desempleo, la caída en los ingresos de la mayoría de los trabajadores, el aumento de la pobreza y la marginalidad. En definitiva, la estructura social del país se vio modificada y sus efectos fueron sentidos por la gran mayoría de la población, aunque de diferente manera y en diferentes momentos. Los más afectados fueron los sectores de menores ingresos, pero en gran medida también aquellos ubicados en los sectores medio-bajo de la estructura social, que en su mayoría pasaron a conformar una nueva categoría social: los nuevos pobres. La investigación indaga acerca del impacto de la crisis económica en la subjetividad de los jóvenes de clase media, en particular en su visión acerca del país y en sus perspectivas a futuro. Al mismo tiempo, intenta delinear las nuevas prácticas, creencias y valores que adquieren las clases medias post-crisis, que debieron adaptarse a las nuevas circunstancias, y en muchos casos modificar sus hábitos de vida y patrones de consumo. Algunos hallazgos permitan afirmar que las transformaciones que ha sufrido el país en lo social y económico han sido tan profundas que impactaron en el imaginario e identidad social de los sectores medios: se desmoronan las tradicionales perspectivas de ascenso social, se desarrollan nuevas estrategias de consumo; el optimismo se revierte a consecuencia del futuro incierto, mientras que la educación parece ser uno de los pocos valores que se niegan a relegar

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Las clases medias en Argentina se han caracterizado, sobre todo desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, por ser un sector social dinámico, por su optimismo en cuanto al progreso y por las amplias posibilidades de ascenso social que les brindaba la situación económica del país, posibilidades que el peronismo extendió luego a las clases trabajadoras. Durante los primeros años de la década del noventa, el país logró estabilizarse económicamente dejando atrás el fantasma hiperinflacionario, permitiendo un notable, si bien breve, crecimiento económico. La Convertibilidad permitió a gran parte de la población acceder a nuevos patrones de consumo; los shoppings y los barrios cerrados comenzaron a formar parte del paisaje urbano. A consecuencia se produce una mutación en las condiciones de vida y en los hábitos de consumo, sobre todo de los sectores medios. Al correr la década se advierten los costos del modelo neoliberal: el aumento veloz e inédito del desempleo, la caída en los ingresos de la mayoría de los trabajadores, el aumento de la pobreza y la marginalidad. En definitiva, la estructura social del país se vio modificada y sus efectos fueron sentidos por la gran mayoría de la población, aunque de diferente manera y en diferentes momentos. Los más afectados fueron los sectores de menores ingresos, pero en gran medida también aquellos ubicados en los sectores medio-bajo de la estructura social, que en su mayoría pasaron a conformar una nueva categoría social: los nuevos pobres. La investigación indaga acerca del impacto de la crisis económica en la subjetividad de los jóvenes de clase media, en particular en su visión acerca del país y en sus perspectivas a futuro. Al mismo tiempo, intenta delinear las nuevas prácticas, creencias y valores que adquieren las clases medias post-crisis, que debieron adaptarse a las nuevas circunstancias, y en muchos casos modificar sus hábitos de vida y patrones de consumo. Algunos hallazgos permitan afirmar que las transformaciones que ha sufrido el país en lo social y económico han sido tan profundas que impactaron en el imaginario e identidad social de los sectores medios: se desmoronan las tradicionales perspectivas de ascenso social, se desarrollan nuevas estrategias de consumo; el optimismo se revierte a consecuencia del futuro incierto, mientras que la educación parece ser uno de los pocos valores que se niegan a relegar

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Local changes of the interfacial pH can significantly affect the rate and mechanism during the course of an electrodic reaction. For instance, different pH values will have a significant effect on the equilibrium properties of both solution and surface species, altering the reactions kinetics. Ethanol oxidation at platinum electrodes in alkaline media involves the fast consumption of OH− species that will change the local pH at the electrode surface, decreasing the reaction rate. In this study, the local pH change during ethanol oxidation in alkaline media is accomplished by using rotating ring-disc electrode (RRDE) experiments. The current at the ring when polarized at the onset of hydrogen evolution serves as a measure of the local pH in the vicinity of the electrode. The results show that the current at the ring at 0.1 V (vs. RHE) becomes more negative during ethanol oxidation, owing to a change in the equilibrium potential of the hydrogen evolution reaction caused by a change in the local pH.

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Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

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Nowadays, with the use of social media generalizing, increasingly more people gather online to share their passion for specific consumption activities. Despite this shared passion, conflicts frequently erupt in online communities of consumption (OCC). A systematic review of the literature revealed that a lot of knowledge has developed on OCC conflict. Different types of conflicts unfolding in an OCC context have been distinguished, various drivers of conflict identified and various consequences outlined at the individual level (experiential value) and the community level (collective engagement and community culture). However the specificity of conflicts unfolding in an OCC context has not been conceptualized. Past research is also inconclusive as to where and when does OCC conflict create or destroy value in communities. This research provides a theory of OCC conflict and its impact on value formation by conceptualizing OCC conflict as performances. The theory was developed by conducting a netnography of a clubbing forum. Close to 20,000 forum posts and 250 pages of interview transcript and field notes were collected over 27 months and analysed following the principles of grounded theory. Four different types of conflict performances are distinguished (personal, played, reality show and trolling conflict) based on the clarity of the performance. Each type of conflict performance is positioned with regard to its roots and consequences for value formation. This research develops knowledge on disharmonious interactions in OCCs contributing to the development of a less utopian perspective of OCCs. It indicates how conflict is not only a byproduct of consumption but it is also a phenomenon consumed. It also introduces the concept of performance clarity to the literature on performance consumption. This research provides guidelines to community managers on how to manage conflict and raises ethical issues regarding the management of conflict on social media.

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This millennium the number of mobile phones has exponentially grown in Western nations, however China is now the biggest mobile phone market. The present study contains questions about the sustainability aspects of purchasing mobile phones: both of the mobile phones purchase itself, and how mobile phones are used to gather environmental and health information for consumption. The results of the present study suggest, that mobile phones became an important source of information about environmental protection issues, but the specific applications do not play an important role as a source of information about environmental conscious consumption yet.

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A márkatulajdonosok számára elsődleges fontosságú, hogy feltérképezzék saját márkaközösségüket, ezáltal is elősegítve a közösségi fókuszú kommunikációs tevékenységüket. Különösen igaz ez a jellemzően kis- és középvállalati formában működő vendéglátóhelyek számára, ahol a közösségi média sokszor az egyetlen rendelkezésre álló marketingkommunikációs eszköz. Empirikus kutatásunkban fogyasztói narratívákat (n=151) elemzünk a tartalomelemzés módszertanával. A válaszadókat arra kértük, hogy írjanak kedvenc vendéglátóhelyükkel való kapcsolatukról az online térben. Elemzésünkben arra keressük a választ, hogy a márkaközösségek tagjai milyen belső indíttatásból kerültek kapcsolatba kedvenc vendéglátóhelyeikkel a közösségi platformokon. Az elsősorban fogyasztási élményekhez kötött kapcsolat online közösségi térbe való kiterjesztésére olyan belső motivációkat tártunk fel, mint a pragmatikusabb információközpontú indíttatások (pl. kizárólagos információk, naprakészség, vállalati ajánlatok, közösségimédia-specifikus tartalmakhoz való hozzáférés igénye), az érzelmi kötődés kifejezése (pl. nosztalgia, ismerősöknek való ajánlás, személyes érintettség), a társas befolyás (oldalak kedvelése mint kommunikációs tartalom, konformitás, önkifejezés), valamint a vállalati alapképességeken túlmutató egyéb tematikus kapcsolódások. ____ It is of primary importance for brand owners to map their own brand community, in order to stimulate their social-focused communication activity. This is especially true for typically small and medium-sized catering enterprises, where in most cases, social media is the only available marketing communications tool. In our empirical research, we analyze consumer narratives (n=151) with the methodology of content analysis. We asked the respondents to write about their relationship with their most preferred catering establishments in the online social sphere. In our research, we search for the inner intention by which members of brand communities got connected with their most preferred catering establishments on social platforms. We revealed such inner motivations for users extending a primarily experience (an consumption) based relationship to the online social sphere like rather pragmatic, information-focused intentions (e.g. exclusive information, timeliness, company offers, access claim for social media -specific contents), the expression of emotional binding (e.g. nostalgia, reference for acquaintances, personal involvement), social influence (the like as communication content, conformity, self-expression), and other thematic linkages beyond core company competences.

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Focusing on the UK, this article addresses key issues facing the international distribution industry arising from over-the-top digital distribution and the fragmentation of audiences and revenues. Building on the identification of these issues, it investigates the extent to which UK distribution has altered over a ten-year period, pinpointing continuities in the destination and type of sales alongside changes in the role and structure of the industry as UK-based distributors adapt to a changing UK broadcasting landscape and global production environment. At one level increasing US ownership of UK-based distributors and the arrival of OTT players like Netflix, highlight the tensions between the national orientations of UK broadcasters and the global aspirations of independent producers and distributors. At another level VOD has boosted international sales of UK drama. Although the full impact of SVOD on content and rights has yet to materialise, significant changes in the industry predate the arrival of SVOD.